Yang Shen, Hai-Rong Zheng

Abstract: Human face can be rebuilt to a three-dimensional (3 D) digital profile based on an optical 3D sensing system named Composite Fourier-Transform Profilometry (CFTP) where a composite structured light will be used. To study the sampling effect during the digitization process in practical CFTP, the pectinate function and convolution theorem were introduced to discuss the potential phase errors caused by sampling the composite pattern along two orthogonal directions. The selecting criterions of sampling frequencies are derived and the results indicate that to avoid spectral aliasing, the sampling frequency along the phrase variation direction must be at least four times as the baseband and along the orthogonal direction it must be at least three times as the larger frequency of the two carrier frequencies. The practical experiment of a model face reconstruction verified the theories.

Keywords: Optical 3D Sensing; Composite Structured Light; Sampling; Spectral Aliasing

Cite this paper: nullShen, Y. and Zheng, H. (2009) Influence of sampling on face measuring system based on composite structured light. Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering, 2, 606-611. doi: 10.4236/jbise.2009.28087.

References

[1]   M. TAKEDA, K. MUTOH. (1983) Fourier transform profilometry for the automatic measurement 3-D object shapes. Appl. Opt., 24, 3977–3982.

[2]   M. Takeda, H. Ina. (1982) Fourier-transform method of fringe-pattern analysis for computer-based topography and interferometry. J. Opt. Soc. Am, 1, 156–160.

[3]   S. Fu, Y. S. Wang, G. B. Han. (2004) Fourier transform profilometry in 3-D measurement based on wavelet digital Filter. J.Optoelectronics?Laser, 2, 205–207.

[4]   W. J. Chen, X. Y. Su. (2000) Discussion on phase errors caused by frequency leakage in FTP. Acta Optica Sinica, 10, 1429–1433.

[5]   X. Y. Su, J. T. Li. (1999) Information Optics. Publish House of Science, Beijing, 332–335 (in Chinese).

[6]   C. Guan, L. G. Hassebrook. (2003) Composite structured light pattern for three-dimensional video. Optics Express, 5, 406–417.

[7]   H. M. Yue, X. Y. Su. (2005) Improved fast fourier transform profilometry based on composite grating. Acta Optica Sinica, 6, 767–770.

[8]   Y. S. Xiao, X. Y. Su, Q. C. Zhang. (2006) 3-D surface shape restoration for the breaking surface of dynamic process. Laser Technology, 3, 258–261.

[9]   H. Yang, W. J. Chen. (1999) Influence of Sampling on Fourier-Transform Profilometry. Acta Optica Sinica, 7, 929–934.

[10]   G. L. Murrell, N. K. McIntyre, and B Trotter. (2003) Facial contouring. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am, 3, 391–397.

[11]   R. Schmelzeisen and A. Schramm. (2003) Computer- assisted reconstruction of the facial skeleton. Arch Facial Plast Surg, 5, 437–440.

[12]   S. Prakoonwit, and R. Benjamin. (2007) Optimal 3D surface reconstruction from a small number of conventional 2D X-ray images. Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology, 4, 197–222.

[13]   M. Deling, W. Biao, F. Peng, and Y. Fuguang. (2007) Oral Implant Orientation of 3-D Imaging Based on X-Ray Computed Tomography (CT). Asian J. Inform. Techno, 11, 1143–1147.

[14]   Mahfouz, Badawi, A. Fatah, Kuhn, and Merkl. (2006) Reconstruction of 3D patient-specific bone models from biplanar xray images utilizing morphometric measurements. Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Image Processing, Computer Vision, and Pattern Recognition, 345–349.

[15]   C. Zhang, F. S. Cohen, and H. RVSI. (2002) 3-D face structure extraction and recognition from images using 3-D morphing and distance mapping. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 11, 1249–1259.

[16]   H. Hirschmuller, P. R. Innocent, and J. Garibaldi. (2002) Real-time correlation-based stereo vision with reduced border errors. Int. J. Comput. Vis., 1/2/3, 229–246.

[17]   S. Huq, B Abidi, A. Goshtasby, and M. A. Abidi. (2004) Stereo matching with energy-minimizing snake grid for 3D face modeling. Proceedings of SPIE, 5404, pp. 339–350.

[18]   M. Takeda and K. Mutoh. (1983) Fourier transform profilometry for the automatic measurement 3-D object shapes. Appl. Opt., 24, 3977–3982.

[19]   H. M. Yue, X. Y. Su, and Z. R. Li. (2005) Improved fast fourier transform profilometry based on composite grating. Acta Optica Sinica, 6, 767–770.

[20]   C. Guan, L. G. Hassebrook, and D. L. Lau. (2003) Composite structured light pattern for three-dimensional video. Optics Express, 5, 406–417.