Nguyen Anh Dung¹, Duong Hong Son², Nguyen The Duc Hanh³, Doan Quang Tri^4*

Show more
¹ Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Hanoi, Vietnam.
² Water Resources Institute, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Hanoi, Vietnam.
³ Faculty of Environment, Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Hanoi, Vietnam.
⁴ Vietnam Journal of Hydrometeorology, Viet Nam Meteorological and Hydrological Administration, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Show less

Abstract: According to the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Hanoi city is currently facing the increased air pollution, especially particulate matter. This study examines the influence of meteorological factors including temperature, humidity and wind speed on PM₁₀ concentration in Hanoi. The data used in this study include 24-h PM₁₀ concentration data, hourly temperature, humidity and wind speed data in 2018 at three automatic air monitoring stations under Vietnam Environment Administration and Hanoi Natural Resources and Environment Department. The SPSS statistical analysis tools are utilized to analyze the correlation between PM₁₀ concentration and meteorological factors through the Spearman (r) correlation coefficient. Additionally, the Independent-Sample T-Test is also employed to assess the difference in PM₁₀ concentration in the period between dry season (from October to March) and wet season (from May to September). The results show that there is a trend of seasonal variation of PM₁₀ concentration. Specifically, PM₁₀ concentration recorded a higher value in winter and lower in summer. Different correlations between air pollutants and meteorological factors were also observed. PM₁₀ concentration was inversely correlated (r < 0) with most of meteorological factors and there was a statistically significant difference (Sig. < 0.05) of PM₁₀ concentration during dry and wetseason. This outcome has confirmed the important role of meteorological factors in the formation of air pollution with large variations in different seasons and geological areas.

Keywords: Meteorology, Temperature, Humidity, Wind Speed, PM₁₀, Air Quality

Cite this paper: Dung, N. , Son, D. , Hanh, N. and Tri, D. (2019) Effect of Meteorological Factors on PM₁₀ Concentration in Hanoi, Vietnam. Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 7, 138-150. doi: 10.4236/gep.2019.711010.

References

[1]   Bui, N. T., Kawamura, A., Amaguchi, H., Bui, D. D., Truong, N. T., & Nakagawa, K. (2018). Social Sustainability Assessment of Groundwater Resources: A Case Study of Hanoi, Vietnam. Ecological Indicators, 93, 1034-1042.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.06.005

[2]   Clements, A. L., Fraser, M., Upadhyay, N., Herckes, P., Sundblom, M., Lantz, J., & Solomon, P. A. (2016). Source Identification of Coarse Particles in the Desert Southwest, USA Using Positive Matrix Factorization. Atmospheric Pollution Research, 8, 873-884.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2017.02.003

[3]   Chaloulakou, A., Kassomenos, P., Spyrellis, N., Demokritou, P., & Koutrakis, P. (2003). Measurements of PM10 and PM2.5 Particle Concentrations in Athens, Greece. Atmospheric Environment, 37, 649-660.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00898-1

[4]   Fiore, A. M., Naik, V., Spracklen, D. V., Steiner, A., Unger, N., Prather, M., Bergmann, D., Cameron-Smith, P. J., Cionni, I., Collins, W. J., Dalsoren, S., Eyring, V., Folberth, G. A., Ginoux, P., Horowitz, L. W., Josse, B., Lamarque, J. W., MacKenzie, I. A., Nagashima, T., O’Connor, F. M., Righi, M., Rumbold, S. T., Shindell, D. T., Skeie, R. B., Sudo, K., Szopa, S., Takemura, T., & Zeng, G. (2012). Global Air Quality and Climate. Chemical Society Reviews, 41, 6663-6683.
https://doi.org/10.1039/c2cs35095e

[5]   Giri, D., Krishna, M. V., & Adhikary, P. R. (2008). The Influence of Meteorological Conditions on PM10 Concentrations in Kathmandu Valley. International Journal of Environmental Research, 2, 49-60.

[6]   General Statistics Office of Vietnam (2018). Statistical Yearbook of 2017.

[7]   Gramsch, E., Caceres, D., Oyola, P., Reyes, F., Vasquez, Y., Rubio, M. A., & Sanchez, G. (2014). Influence of Surface and Subsidence Thermal Inversion on PM2.5 and Black Carbon Concentration. Atmospheric Environment, 98, 290-298.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.08.066

[8]   Hai, C. D., & Oanh, N. T. K. (2013). Effects of Local, Regional Meteorology and Emission Sources on Mass and Compositions of Particulate Matter in Hanoi. Atmospheric Environment, 78, 105-112.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.05.006

[9]   Hien, P. D., Bac, V. T., Tham, H. C., Nhan, D. D., & Vinh, L. D. (2002). Influence of Meteorological Conditions on PM2.5 and PM2.5-10 Concentrations during the Monsoon Season in Hanoi, Vietnam. Atmospheric Environment, 36, 3473-3484.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00295-9

[10]   Katsouyanni, K., Touloumi, G., Spix, C., Schwartz, J., Balducci, F., Medina, S., Rossi, G., Wojtyniak, B., Sunyer, J., Bacharova, L., Schouten, J. P., Ponka, A., & Anderson, H. R. (1997). Short Term Effects of Ambient Sulphur Dioxide and Particulate Matter on Mortality in 12 European Cities: Results from Time Series Data from the APHEA Project. British Medical Journal, 314, 1658-1663.
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.314.7095.1658

[11]   Kozakova, J., Pokorna, P., Cernikova, A., Hovorka, J., Branis, M., Moravec, P., & Schwarz, J. (2017). The Association between Intermodal (PM1-2.5) and PM1, PM2.5, Coarse Fraction and Meteorological Parameters in Various Environments in Central Europe. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 17, 1234-1243.
https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2016.06.0242

[12]   Li, X., Ma, Y., Wang, Y., Liu, N., & Hong, Y. (2017). Temporal and Spatial Analyses of Particulate Matter (PM10 and PM2.5) and Its Relationship with Meteorological Parameters over an Urban City in Northeast China. Atmospheric Research, 198, 185-193.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2017.08.023

[13]   Ly, M. T. L., Dung, P., Peter, D. S., Lidia, M., & Phong, K. T. (2017). The Association between Particulate Air Pollution and Respiratory Admissions among Young Children in Hanoi, Vietnam. Science of the Total Environment, 578, 249-255.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.012

[14]   Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (2017). Environmental Status Report in 2016.

[15]   Hung, N. T. (2010). Urban Air Quality Modelling and Management in Hanoi, Vietnam. PhD Thesis, Aarhus: Arhus University, National Environmental Research Institute.

[16]   Oanh, N. T. K., Upadhyay, N., Zhuang, Y. H., Hao, Z. P., Murthy, D. V. S, Lestari, P., Villarin, J. T., Chengchua, K., Co, H. X., Dung, N. T., & Lindgren, E. S. (2006). Particulate Air Pollution in Six Asian Cities: Spatial and Temporal Distributions, and Associated Sources. Atmospheric Environment, 40, 3367-3380.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.01.050

[17]   Padro-Martinez, L. T., Patton, A. P., Trull, J. B., Zamore, W., Brugge, D., & Durant, J. L. (2012). Mobile Monitoring of Particle Number Concentration and Other Traffic-Related Air Pollutants in a Near-Highway Neighborhood over the Course of a Year. Atmospheric Environment, 61, 253-264.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.06.088

[18]   Sakamoto, Y., Shojia, K., Bui, M. T., Pham, T. H., Vu, T. A., Ly, B. T., & Kajii, Y. (2018). Air Quality Study in Hanoi, Vietnam in 2015-2016 Based on a One-Year Observation of NOx, O3, CO and a One-Week Observation of VOCs. Atmospheric Pollution Research, 9, 544-551.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2017.12.001

[19]   Samet, J. M., Dominici, F., Curriero, F. C., Coursac, I., & Zeger, S. L. (2000). Fine Particulate Air Pollution and Mortality in 20 US Cities, 1978-1994. New England Journal of Medicine, 343, 1742-1749.
https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM200012143432401

[20]   Schleicher, N., Stefan, N., Mathieu, F., Uwe, K., Yizhen, C., Fahe, C., Shulan, W., Yang, Y., & Kuang, C. (2013). Spatio-Temporal Variations of Black Carbon Concentrations in the Megacity Beijing. Environmental Pollution, 182, 392-401.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2013.07.042

[21]   Wang, J., & Ogawa, S. (2015). Effects of Meteorological Conditions on PM2.5 Concentrations in Nagasaki, Japan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12, 9089-9101.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120809089

[22]   Zhang, H., Wang, Y., Hu, J., Ying, Q., & Hu, X. M. (2015). Relationships between Meteorological Parameters and Criteria Air Pollutants in Three Megacities in China. Environmental Research, 140, 242-254.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2015.04.004

[23]   Zhao, X., Zhang, X., Xu, X., Xu, J., Meng, W., & Pu, W. (2009). Seasonal and Diurnal Variations of Ambient PM2.5 Concentration in Urban and Rural Environments in Beijing. Atmospheric Environment, 43, 2893-2900.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.03.009