Xiaoting Tian^1,2, Dongliang Li^1*, Jinhong Zhou², Yaqing Zhou³, Zexiu Zhang²

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¹ Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China.
² Taiyuan Meteorological Bureau, Taiyuan, China.
³ Jinzhong Meteorological Bureau, Jinzhong, China.
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Abstract: In order to provide a reference for the correct forecasting of short-term heavy rainfall and better disaster prevention and mitigation services in Shanxi Province, China, it is very important to carry out systematic research on short-term heavy precipitation events in Shanxi Province. Based on hourly precipitation data during the flood season (May to September) from 109 meteorological stations in Shanxi, China in 1980-2015, the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of short-time heavy rainfall during the flood season are analyzed by using wavelet analysis and Mann-Kendall test. The results show that the short-time heavy rainfall in the flood season in Shanxi Province is mainly at the grade of 20 - 30 mm/h, with an average of 97 stations having short-time heavy rainfall each year, accounting for 89% of the total stations. The short-time heavy rainfall mainly concentrated in July and August, and the maximal rain intensity in history appeared at 23 - 24 on June 17, 1991 in Yongji, Shanxi is 91.7 mm/h. During the flood season, the short-time heavy rainfalls always occur at 16 - 18 pm, and have slightly different concentrated time in different months. The main peaks of June, July and August are at 16, 17 and 18 respectively, postponed for one hour. Short-time heavy rainfall overall has the distribution that the south is more than the north and the east less than the west in Shanxi area. In the last 36 years, short-time heavy rainfall has a slight increasing trend in Shanxi, but not significant. There is a clear 4-year period of oscillation and inter-decadal variation. It has a good correlation between the total precipitation and times of short-time heavy rainfall during the flood season.

Keywords: Flood Season, Short-Time Heavy Rainfall, Temporal and Spatial Distribution, Shanxi Province

Cite this paper: Tian, X. , Li, D. , Zhou, J. , Zhou, Y. and Zhang, Z. (2019) Characteristics Analysis on Short-Time Heavy Rainfall during the Flood Season in Shanxi Province, China. Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 7, 190-203. doi: 10.4236/gep.2019.73011.

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