Properties of a Lateritic Red Soil for Pollutant Containment
Author(s)
Maria Eugenia Gimenez Boscov,
Waldemar Coelho Hachich,
Claudio Fernando Mahler,
E. de Oliveira
ABSTRACT
In many regions of Brazil, lateritic clays are the natural candidates for the construction of compacted clay liners of waste disposal sites because of their availability and appropriate geotechnical characteristics. Lateritic soils have been extensively used in recent decades in dam and road construction, but little is known about the migration of pollutants through compacted layers of such soils. This paper describes the characteristics of a lateritic clay, representing a group of soils of significant occurrence in the State of São Paulo, to be employed in a clay liner of a waste disposal site. Laboratory tests to assess permeability, adsorption and diffusion of six metals through the compacted soil showed that permeability criterion may be met in the field, that the soil presents a modest capacity to retain cadmium and that constituent metal oxides may be dissolved from the soil grains by acidic solutions.
In many regions of Brazil, lateritic clays are the natural candidates for the construction of compacted clay liners of waste disposal sites because of their availability and appropriate geotechnical characteristics. Lateritic soils have been extensively used in recent decades in dam and road construction, but little is known about the migration of pollutants through compacted layers of such soils. This paper describes the characteristics of a lateritic clay, representing a group of soils of significant occurrence in the State of São Paulo, to be employed in a clay liner of a waste disposal site. Laboratory tests to assess permeability, adsorption and diffusion of six metals through the compacted soil showed that permeability criterion may be met in the field, that the soil presents a modest capacity to retain cadmium and that constituent metal oxides may be dissolved from the soil grains by acidic solutions.
Cite this paper
nullM. Boscov, W. Hachich, C. Mahler and E. Oliveira, "Properties of a Lateritic Red Soil for Pollutant Containment," Journal of Environmental Protection, Vol. 2 No. 7, 2011, pp. 923-931. doi: 10.4236/jep.2011.27105.
nullM. Boscov, W. Hachich, C. Mahler and E. Oliveira, "Properties of a Lateritic Red Soil for Pollutant Containment," Journal of Environmental Protection, Vol. 2 No. 7, 2011, pp. 923-931. doi: 10.4236/jep.2011.27105.
References
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[1] F. S. Barone, E. K. Yanful, R. M. Quigley and R. K. Rowe, “Multiple Contaminant Migration on Diffusion and Adsorption of Some Domestic Wastes Contaminants in a Natural Clayey Soil,” Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 26, No. 2, 1989, pp. 189-198. doi:10.1139/t89-028 [2] C. H. Benson and D. E. Daniel, “Minimum Thickness of Compacted Soil Liners: I. Stochastic Models,” Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, Vol. 120, No. 1, 1994, pp. 129-152. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1994)120:1(129) [3] L. L. B. Bernucci, “Considera??es Sobre o Dimensionamento de Pavimentos Utilizando Solos Lateríticos para Rodovias de Baixo Volume de Tráfego,” Ph.D Thesis, Escola Politécnica da Universidade de S?o Paulo, S?o Paulo, 1995. [4] M. E. G. Boscov, “Contribui??o ao Projeto de Sistemas de Conten??o de Resíduos Perigosos Utilizando Solos Lateríticos,” Ph.D Thesis, Escola Politécnica da Universidade de S?o Paulo, S?o Paulo, 1997. [5] M. E. G. Boscov, “Brazilian Experience in Geo-Environmental Applications of Tropical Soils 6ICEG,” Proceedings of 6th International Congress on Environmental Geotechnics, New Delhi, 2010, pp. 328-341. [6] P.T. Cruz, “100 Barragens Brasileiras. Casos Históricos. Materiais de Constru??o,” Oficina de Textos, S?o Paulo, 1996. [7] CTH—Centro Tecnológico de Hidráulica, “Disposi??o dos Sedimentos Dragados do Rio Tietê. Caracteriza??o bioquímica,” Internal Report, S?o Paulo, 1994. [8] D. E. Daniel, “Predicting Hydraulic Conductivity of Clay Liners,” Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, Vol. 110, No. 2, 1984, pp. 285-300. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1984)110:2(285) [9] R. A. Freeze and J. A. Cherry, “Groundwater,” Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, 1979. [10] IBGE—Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, “National Survey on Basic Sanitation,” 2010. http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/populacao/condicaodevida/pnsb2008/default.shtm. [11] ISSMFE—International Society for Soil Mechanics and Foundations Engineering, “Peculiarities of Geotechnical Behavior of Tropical Lateritic and Saprolitic Soils,” Progress Report, Committee on Tropical Soils, S?o Paulo, 1985. [12] R. Meriggi and A. Zagolin, “Hydraulic Conductivity of a Waste Silty Clay,” Proceedings of VII IAGE Conference, 1994, pp. 2363-2369. [13] D. M. Morita, “Tratabilidade de águas Residuárias Contendo Poluentes Perigosos: Estudo de Caso,” Ph.D Thesis, Escola Politécnica da Universidade de S?o Paulo, S?o Paulo, 1993. [14] J. S. Nogami and D. F. Villibor, “Peculiaridades dos solos Lateríticos nas Pavimenta??es de Baixo Volume de Tráfego,” Proceedings of I International Symposium on Low Volume Roads, Rio de Janeiro, 1997, pp. 542-560. [15] R. K. Rowe, R. M. Quigley and J. R. Booker, “Clayey Barrier Systems for Waste Disposal Facilities,” Chapman & Hall, London, 1995. [16] USEPA, “Batch-Type Procedures for Estimating Soil Adsorption of Chemicals,” Technical Resource Document, EPA/530-SW-87-006-F, 1992.