Changes of Seed Germination during the Year

Ladislav  Bláha; Jiří  Hermuth

doi:10.4236/as.2016.73016

Ladislav Bláha, Jiří Hermuth

Abstract: It is possible to conclude that typical course of graph which analyse course of germinability during the year at every cultivar is observable. Germination usually shows a minimum in December, but mainly in January and in February. Maximum of germinability is observed in the spring and summer time. This phenomenon isn’t result of the dormancy or secondary dormancy because during of long term seed storage, germinability has similar curve every year, only number of germinative seeds stepwise decrease every year at every month of storage. Every species or cultivar of crops has a typical course of the germinability during the year. There are also species (crops), that have germination process during the year almost constant i.e., without variation during the year, but it is a minority of genotypes, rather exceptions. The annual course of germination is nearly identical to the annual course of the magnetic declination. From the theoretical practical view, there is possibility (but not certainty!) that in case of testing the seed germination at begin or end of year at genotypes with large variability of germinability during the year, that this phenomenon have negative impact on seed certification by companies producing seeds for cultivation practice in some species.

Keywords: Magnetic Declination, Magnetic Field, Influence of Magnetism, Seed Germination, Year Season

Cite this paper: Bláha, L. and Hermuth, J. (2016) Changes of Seed Germination during the Year. Agricultural Sciences, 7, 164-174. doi: 10.4236/as.2016.73016.

References

[1] Hánek, P. and Novák, Z. (2008) Dulní měrictví. Geodezie v podzemních prostorách 10, Skriptum Ceského Vysokého Ucení Technického v Praze (Mine Surveying. Geodesy in Underground Areas 10, Textbooks of Czech Technical University in Prague), 4-28.

[2] Onwumechilli (1960) Lunar Daily Variation of the Magnetic Declination at Ibadan, Nigeria. Journal of Geophysical Research, 65, 3433-3435.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/JZ065i010p03433

[3] Magnetic Declination.
http://www.geomag.nrcan.gc.ca/mag_fld/magdec-en.php

[4] Ressources Naturelles Canada.
http://www.geomag.nrcan.gc.ca/mag_fld/magdec-fr.php

[5] Magnetic Declination. From Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_declination#cite_ref-2

[6] Magnetic Declination. From Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_declination

[7] L’influence du magnétisme sur les plantes.
https://www.google.cz/search?sourceid=navclient&hl=cs&ie=UTF-8&rlz=1T4ADFA_csCZ465CZ466&q=L%e2%80%99influence+du+magn%c3%a9tisme+sur++les+plantes

[8] Déclinaison magnétique, ressources naturelles, Canada.
http://www.geomag.nrcan.gc.ca/mag_fld/magdec-fr.php

[9] Adams, F. (2012) Le futur des semences et les semences du futur .Veröffentlicht am 28, Oktober 2012.

[10] Bláha, L. and Pazderu, K. (2013) Influence of the Root and Seed Traits on Tolerance to Abiotic Stress. In: Stoytcheva, M. and Zlatev, R., Eds., Agricultiural Chemistry, INTECH, Croatia, 89-113.
http://www.intechopen.com/books/agricultural-chemistry/influence-of-the-root-and-seed-traits-on-tolerance-to-abiotic-stress

[11] Stastny, J. and Pazderu, K. (2008) Evaluation of Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Seed Quality and Seed Quality Stability in Relation to Varieties and Environmental Conditions. Journal of Agrobiology, 25, 153-161.

[12] Bláha, L. And Vyvadilová, M. (2013) Metodika testování vlastností semen a klícních rostlin na odolnost vuci fyzikálním stresorum pro selekci genetickych zdroju repky zimé (Methodology Fortesting the Properties of Seeds and Seedlings for Resistance Tophysical Stressors for the Selection of Genetic Resources of Winterrape). Methodology of Crop Research Institute, Prague, 15. (In Czech)

[13] Bláha, L. (2015) Seed and Seedling Traits for the Rapeseed Yield Improvement. Vol. 53, Lambert Academic Publishing.

[14] Bláha, L. (2015) Significance of Seed and Root Crop Properties in Organic Farming. In: Gorawala, P. and Mandhatri, S., Eds., Agricultural Research Updates, 9, 25-41.

[15] Hermuth, J., Janovská, D. and Prohasková, A. (2015) Bér Vlassky, Setaria italica (L.) Beauv., plodina vhodná do měnícího se klimatu Ceské republiky. Metodika pro praxi (Foxtail millet, Setaria italica (L.) Beauv. A Crop Suitable to the Changing Climate of the Czech Republic. Methodology for Practice.Vyzkumny ústav rostliné vyroby, v.v.i., Crop Research Institute, Praha-Ruzyně.
http://www.vurv.cz/sites/File/Publications/ISBN978-80-7427-175-5.pdf

[16] Mancuso, S. and Shabala, S. (2007) Rhytms in Plants. Springer-Verlag, 264.

[17] Mc Clung, C.R. (2006) Plant Circadian Rhytms. The Plant Cell, 18, 792-803.
http://www.plantcell.org/content/18/4/792.short
http://dx.doi.org/10.1105/tpc.106.040980

[18] Kummerow, J. (1965) Endogenous Rhytmic Oscillations in the Germination of Seeds (in German). Ecyclopedia of Plant Physiology, 15, 721-726.

[19] Thain, S.C., Hall., A., et al. (2000) Functional Independence of Circadian Clocks That Regulates Plant Gene Expression. Current Biology, 10, 951-956.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(00)00630-8

[20] Webb, A.A.R. (2003) The Physiology of Circadian Rhythms in Plants. New phytologist s, 160, 281-283.

[21] Maffei, E.M. (2014) Magnetic Field Effects on Plant Growth, Development, and Evolution. Frontiers in Plant Science, 5, 445.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00445

[22] Hoazyn, M., El-Mahdy, A.A.A. and Abdel-Rahan, H.M.H. (2015) Effect of Magnetic Field on Germination, Seedling Growth and Cytogenetic of Onion (Allium cepa L.). African Journal of Agricultural Research, 10, 849-857.
http://www.academicjournals.org/journal/AJAR/article-full-text-pdf/7CE049D50674
http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajar2014.9383

[23] Fu, E. (2012) The Effects of Magnetic Fields on Plant Growth and Health. Young Scientists Journal, 5, 38.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-6102.97696

[24] Bertea, C., Narayana, R., Agliassa, C., Rodgers, C.T. and Maffei, M.E.J. (2015) Geomagnetic Field (Gmf) and Plant Evolution: Investigating the Effects of Gmf Reversal on Arabidopsis thaliana Development and Gene Expression. Journal of Visualized Experiments, No. 105, e53286.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3791/53286

[25] Bláha, L. and Gottwaldová, P. (2008) Changes of Seed Germination during the Year. Italian Journal of Agronomy, 3, 387-388. www.agronomy.it/index.php/agro/issue/archive

[26] Bláha, L. and Gottwaldová, P. (2007) Změny klícivosti semen v pruběhu roku [Changes of Germination during the Year]. úroda, No. 12, 64-65.

[27] Bláha, L. and Hermuth, J. (2016) Co ukazují vysledky měrení klícivosti a vitality semen vybranych plodin v pruběhu kalendárního roku [What Is Result of Measurement of Germination and Vitality of Seeds of Crops during the Calendar Year). Agromanuál, 11, 58-61. (In Czech) www.agromanual.cz/cz/casopis-agromanual/agromanual-2016-1.html

[28] Deno, N.C. (1993) Seed Germination Theory and Practice. Second Edition, Norman C. Deno, State College, 242 p.

[29] Deno, N.C. (1996) First Supplement to Seed Germination Theory and Practice. Norman C. Deno, State College, 107.

[30] Deno, N.C. (1998) Second Supplement to Seed Germination Theory and Practice. Norman C. Deno, State College, 101.

[31] Poková, H. and Bláha, L. (2008) Testování klícivosti semen planych druhu [Testing Germination of Wild Species]. úroda, 61, 63-66.

[32] Bláha, L. and Poková, H. (2008) Evaluation of Germination of Wild Plants in Order to Return This Species to the Nature. Italian Journal of Agronomy, 3, 369-370. www.agronomy.it/index.php/agro/issue/archive

[33] Bláha, L. and Poková, H. (2009) Test umozňujicí paralelni rychlé hodnoceni klicivosti druhu s odlisnym stupněm dormance [Test Enabling Parallel Rapid Assessment Germination of Species with Different Degrees of Dormancy]. Osivo a sadba. IX. Specialized Scientific Seminar, 153-157.
https://home.czu.cz/pazderu/publikace/