Role of Organic Matter in the Adsorption/Desorption of Cr, Cu and Pb in Competitive Systems in Two Different Soils
Author(s)
Leandro Antunes Mendes1,
Luis Felipe Perez Bucater2,
Maria Diva Landgraf1,
Maria Olímpia Oliveira Rezende1
Affiliation(s)
1 Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. 2 Engineering School of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
1 Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. 2 Engineering School of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
ABSTRACT
The various methods of remediation of contaminated soils include isolation, immobilization, toxicity reduction, physical separation and extraction. In this context, a noteworthy technique is vermicomposting, which uses worms to break down recent organic matter, turning it into a chemically more stable form able to retain metal ions, rendering them unavailable to the environment. To understand the transport of these elements in the soil, it is necessary to study their dynamics in the environment. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the adsorption and desorption of metal species in soils, assessing the influence of added organic matter in order to assess the risk that these elements carry to the environment and human health. The curves of adsorption of three toxic elements in the soil were determined by adding a solution of metal salts at various concentrations, leaving 24 h centrifuging and analyzing the supernatant. The concentrations of adsorbed components were taken as the difference between those added initially and those remaining after the equilibration (Ce). Desorption was carried out by adding a solution of 0.01 mol·L-1 CaCl2·2H2O to soil samples where the metal ions were adsorbed. Following the same procedure, the concentrations of desorbed metal ions were measured.
The various methods of remediation of contaminated soils include isolation, immobilization, toxicity reduction, physical separation and extraction. In this context, a noteworthy technique is vermicomposting, which uses worms to break down recent organic matter, turning it into a chemically more stable form able to retain metal ions, rendering them unavailable to the environment. To understand the transport of these elements in the soil, it is necessary to study their dynamics in the environment. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the adsorption and desorption of metal species in soils, assessing the influence of added organic matter in order to assess the risk that these elements carry to the environment and human health. The curves of adsorption of three toxic elements in the soil were determined by adding a solution of metal salts at various concentrations, leaving 24 h centrifuging and analyzing the supernatant. The concentrations of adsorbed components were taken as the difference between those added initially and those remaining after the equilibration (Ce). Desorption was carried out by adding a solution of 0.01 mol·L-1 CaCl2·2H2O to soil samples where the metal ions were adsorbed. Following the same procedure, the concentrations of desorbed metal ions were measured.
Cite this paper
Mendes, L. , Bucater, L. , Landgraf, M. and Rezende, M. (2014) Role of Organic Matter in the Adsorption/Desorption of Cr, Cu and Pb in Competitive Systems in Two Different Soils. Open Access Library Journal, 1, 1-5. doi: 10.4236/oalib.1101022.
Mendes, L. , Bucater, L. , Landgraf, M. and Rezende, M. (2014) Role of Organic Matter in the Adsorption/Desorption of Cr, Cu and Pb in Competitive Systems in Two Different Soils. Open Access Library Journal, 1, 1-5. doi: 10.4236/oalib.1101022.
References
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(98)00038-4 [4] Oliveira, L.F.C., Castro, M.L.L., Rodrigues, C. and Borges, J.D. (2010) Isotermas de sorção de metais pesados em solos do cerrado de Goiás. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 14, 776-782.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1415-43662010000700014 [5] Bradl, H.B. (2004) Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions on Soils and Soils Constituents. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 277, 1-18.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2004.04.005 [6] Gomes, P.C., Fontes, M.P.F., Silva, A.G. and Mendonça, E.S. (2001) Selectivity Sequence and Competitive Adsorption of Heavy Metals by Brazilian Soils. Soil Science Society of American Journal, Madison, 65, 1115-1121. [7] Sparks, J.L. (1995) Sorption Phenomena on Soils in: ______. Environmental Soil Chemistry. Academic Press, California. [8] Casagrande, J.C., Soares, M.R. and Mouta, E.R. (2009) Zinc Adsorption in Highly Weathered Soils. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 43, 131-138.
[1] Antoniadis, V. and Tsadilas, C.D. (2007) Sorption of Cadmium. Nickel. and Zinc in Mono-and Multimetal Systems Applied Geochemistry. Aberystwyth, 22, 2375-2380. [2] Lopes, C.M. (2009) Adsorção Individual e Competitiva de Cd. Cu. Ni e Zn em solos em função da variação de pH. Ph.D. Dissertation, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”—Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba. [3] Echeverria, J.C., Moreira, M.T., Mazkiaran, C. and Garrido, J.J. (1998) Competitive Sorption of Heavy Metal by Soils. Isoterms and Fractional Factorial Experiments. Environmental Pollution, 101, 275-284.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(98)00038-4 [4] Oliveira, L.F.C., Castro, M.L.L., Rodrigues, C. and Borges, J.D. (2010) Isotermas de sorção de metais pesados em solos do cerrado de Goiás. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 14, 776-782.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1415-43662010000700014 [5] Bradl, H.B. (2004) Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions on Soils and Soils Constituents. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 277, 1-18.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2004.04.005 [6] Gomes, P.C., Fontes, M.P.F., Silva, A.G. and Mendonça, E.S. (2001) Selectivity Sequence and Competitive Adsorption of Heavy Metals by Brazilian Soils. Soil Science Society of American Journal, Madison, 65, 1115-1121. [7] Sparks, J.L. (1995) Sorption Phenomena on Soils in: ______. Environmental Soil Chemistry. Academic Press, California. [8] Casagrande, J.C., Soares, M.R. and Mouta, E.R. (2009) Zinc Adsorption in Highly Weathered Soils. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 43, 131-138.