[1] Grundey, D., Tolub, B. and Brukiene, J. (2006) Country Image as a Marketing Tool for Fostering Innovation and Entrepreneurship.
http://www.mikroekonomia.net/system/publication_files/490/original/2.pdf?1314971018
[2] Avraham, E. and Ketter, E. (2008) Media Strategies for Marketing Places in Crisis Improving the Image of Cities, Countries and Tourist Destinations. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.
[3] Fan, Y. (2009) Branding the Nation: Towards a Better Understanding. Brunel Business School, Brunel University Uxbridge, London.
[4] Qu, H., Kim, L.H. and Im, H.H. (2011) A Model of Destination Branding: Integrating the Concepts of the Branding and Destination Image. Tourism Management, 32, 465-476.
[5] Wilkin-Armbrister, E. (2008) Brand Nevis—The Role of the Financial Service Sector. In: Dinnie, K. (2008) Nation Branding: Concepts, Issues, Practice. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann, p. 97-101 as sited in Lee, Kyung Mi (2009) Nation Branding and Sustainable Competitiveness of Nations. Enscheda, the Netherlands.
[6] Dinnie, K. (2008) Nation Branding: Concepts, Issues, Practice. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.
[7] Morgan, N. and Pritchard, A. (1999) Tourism Promotion and Power: Creating Images, Creating Identities. Wiley, Chichester.
[8] Haile, G. (1993) Ethiopic Literature. In African Zion: The Sacred Art of Ethiopia. Roderick, Grierson.
[9] Roderick Yeoman, I., Durie, A., McMahon-Beattie, U. and Palmer, A. (2005) Capturing the Essence of a Brand from Its History: The Case of Scottish Tourism Marketing. The Journal of Brand Management, 13, 134-147.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.bm.2540253
[10] Del Boca, A. (1985) Italiani in Africa Orientale: La conquista dell’Impero. Laterza, Roma.
[11] Henze, P.B. (2000) Layers of Time: A History of Ethiopia. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers, London.
[12] Markakis, J. and Ayele, N. (1978) Class and Revolution in Ethiopia. Shama Books, Addis Ababa.
[13] Gibbons, A. (2007) The First Human: The Race to Discover our Earliest Ancestor. Anchor Books, New York.
[14] Johanson, D. and Wong, K. (2009) Lucy’s Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. Three Rivers Press, New York.
[15] Bahru, Z. (2001) A History of Modern Ethiopia, 1855-1974. 2nd Edition, James Currey, Oxford.
[16] Marcus, H. (1994) A History of Ethiopia. University of California Press, Berkeley.
[17] Pankhurst, R. (2001) The Ethiopians: A History (Peoples of Africa). New Edition, Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken.
[18] Pankhurst, R. (2005) Historic Images of Ethiopia. Shama Books, Addis Ababa.
[19] Briggs, P. (1998) Guide to Ethiopia. Bradt, London.
[20] Akilu, A. (1997) A Glimpse of Ethiopia.
[21] Schwab, K. and Sala-i-Martin, X., Eds. (2011) The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012. World Economic Forum, Geneva.
[22] Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 16 June 2009. (Ezega.com).
[23] Gertner, R.K., Berger, K.A. and Gertner, D. (2007) Country-dot-com: Marketing and Branding Destinations Online. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 21, 105-116.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J073v21n02_08
[24] Skinner, H. (2008) The Emergence and Development of Place Marketing’s Confused Identity. Journal of Marketing Management, 24, 915-928.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1362/026725708X381966
[25] O’donovan, V., Beauchamp, G. and Peach, R. (1998) Intersatellite Communications Systems. US Patent No. 5825325.
[26] Florek, M. (2005) The Country Brand as a New Challenge for Poland. Place Branding, 1, 205-214.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.pb.5990021
[27] Morrison, A. and Anderson, D. (2002) Destination Branding.
http://www.macvb.org/intranet/prese nation/DestinationBrandingLOzarks6-10-02.ppt
[28] Morgan, N. and Pritchard, A. (2002) Contextualizing Destination Branding. In: Morgan, N., Pritchard, A. and Pride, R., Eds., Destination Branding, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.
[29] Aaker, D.A. (1991) Managing Brand Equity. The Free Press, New York.
[30] Fontaine, F. (year) Stakeholder Collaboration in the Tourism Planning of a World Heritage Site: The Case Study of the Valley of the Temples in Agrigento (Sicily, Italy).
[31] Kapferer, J. (1997) Strategic Brand Management. Kogan Page, London, 32.
[32] Keller, K.L. (1998) Strategic Brand Management: Building, Measuring, and Managing Brand Equity. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River.
[33] Aaker, D.A. (1996) Building Strong Brands. The Free Press, New York.
[34] Cai, A. (2002) Cooperative Branding for Rural Destinations. Annals of Tourism Research, 29, 720-742.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(01)00080-9
[35] Florek, M., Insch, A. and Gnoth, J. (2006) City Council Websites as a Means of Place Brand Identity Communication. Place Branding, 2, 276-296.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.pb.6000036
[36] Baloglu, S. (1996) An Empirical Investigation of Determinants of Tourist Destination Image. Unpublished Dissertation, Virginia Polytechnic University, Blacksburg.
[37] Baloglu, S. and Mangaloglu, M. (2001) Tourism Destination Images of Turkey, Egypt, Greece, and Italy as Perceived by US-Based Tour Operators and Travel Agents. Tourism Management, 22, 1-9.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(00)00030-3
[38] Baloglu, S. and McCleary, K. (1999) A Model of Destination Image Formation. Annals of Tourism Research, 26, 868-897.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(99)00030-4
[39] Hosany, S., Ekinci, Y. and Uysal, M. (2007) Destination Image and Destination Personality. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 1, 62-81.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17506180710729619
[40] Mackay, K.J. and Fesenmaier, D.R. (2000) An Exploration of Cross-Cultural Destination Image Assessment. Journal of Travel Research, 38, 417-423.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004728750003800411
[41] Stern, E. and Krakover, S. (1993) The Formation of Composite Urban Image. Geographical Analysis, 25, 130-146.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4632.1993.tb00285.x
[42] Uysal, M., Chen, J. and Williams, D. (2000) Increasing State Market Share through a Regional Positioning. Tourism Management, 21, 89-96.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(99)00082-5
[43] Martin, I.M. and Eroglu, S. (1993) Measuring a Multi-Dimensional Construct: Country Image. Journal of Business Research, 28, 191-210.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0148-2963(93)90047-S
[44] Whetten, D.A. and Mackey, A. (2002) A Social Actor Conception of Organizational Identity and Its Implications for the Study of Organizational Reputation. Business & Society, 41, 393-414.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0007650302238775
[45] Russel, J.A., Ward, L.M. and Pratt, G. (1981) Affective Quality Attributed to Environments: A Factor Analytic Study. Environment and Behavior, 13, 259-288.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013916581133001
[46] Echtner, C.M. and Ritchie, J.R.B. (1993) The Measurement of Destination Image: An Empirical Assessment. Journal of Travel Research, 31, 3-13.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004728759303100402
[47] Quelch, J. and Jocz, K. (2005) Positioning the Nation-State. Place Branding, 1, 229-237.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.pb.5990024
[48] Morgan, N. and Pritchard, A. (2004) Meeting the Destination Branding Challenge. In: Morgan, N., Pritchard, A. and Pride, R., Eds., Destination Branding: Creating the Unique Destination Proposition, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 59-78.
[49] Ethiopian Culture and Tourism Minister Quarterly Report on Number of Tourist Arrival (2011).
[50] Sekaran, U. (2009) Research Method for Business: A Skill Building Approach. 4th Edition, Wiley India, New Delhi.
[51] Addis Ababa Culture and Tourism Report (2011) Unpublished Document of the Organization.
[52] Dinnie, K. (2008) Nation Branding: Concepts, Issues, Practice. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 126.
[53] Anholt, S. (2006) Competitive Identity: The New Brand Management for Nations, Cities and Regions. Palgrave Macmillan, London.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230627727
[54] Kotler, P. and Gertner, D. (2004) Country as Brand, Product and Beyond: A Place Marketing and Brand Management Perspective. In: Morgan, N., Pritchard, A. and Pride, R., Eds., Destination Branding: Creating the Unique Destination Proposition, 2nd Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 40-56.
[55] Field, A. (2005) Discovering Statistics Using SPSS. 2nd Edition, Sage, London.
[56] Hair, J., Money, A., Page, M. and Samouel, P. (2007) Research Methods for Business. Routledge, London.
[57] Pallant, J. (2010) SPSS Survival Manual. 4th Edition, Open University Press, Buckingham.
[58] Dinnie, K. (2008) Nation Branding: Concepts, Issues, Practice. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 72.
[59] Dinnie, K. (2008) Nation Branding: Concepts, Issues, Practice. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 228.
[60] Grundey, D., Tolub, B. and Brukiene, J. (2006) Country Image as a Marketing Tool for Fostering Innovation and Entrepreneurship.
http://www.mikroekonomia.net/system/publication_files/490/original/2.pdf?1314971018
[61] Avraham, E. and Ketter, E. (2008) Media Strategies for Marketing Places in Crisis Improving the Image of Cities, Countries and Tourist Destinations. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.
[62] Fan, Y. (2009) Branding the Nation: Towards a Better Understanding. Brunel Business School, Brunel University Uxbridge, London.
[63] Qu, H., Kim, L.H. and Im, H.H. (2011) A Model of Destination Branding: Integrating the Concepts of the Branding and Destination Image. Tourism Management, 32, 465-476.
[64] Wilkin-Armbrister, E. (2008) Brand Nevis—The Role of the Financial Service Sector. In: Dinnie, K. (2008) Nation Branding: Concepts, Issues, Practice. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann, p. 97-101 as sited in Lee, Kyung Mi (2009) Nation Branding and Sustainable Competitiveness of Nations. Enscheda, the Netherlands.
[65] Dinnie, K. (2008) Nation Branding: Concepts, Issues, Practice. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.
[66] Morgan, N. and Pritchard, A. (1999) Tourism Promotion and Power: Creating Images, Creating Identities. Wiley, Chichester.
[67] Haile, G. (1993) Ethiopic Literature. In African Zion: The Sacred Art of Ethiopia. Roderick, Grierson.
[68] Roderick Yeoman, I., Durie, A., McMahon-Beattie, U. and Palmer, A. (2005) Capturing the Essence of a Brand from Its History: The Case of Scottish Tourism Marketing. The Journal of Brand Management, 13, 134-147.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.bm.2540253
[69] Del Boca, A. (1985) Italiani in Africa Orientale: La conquista dell’Impero. Laterza, Roma.
[70] Henze, P.B. (2000) Layers of Time: A History of Ethiopia. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers, London.
[71] Markakis, J. and Ayele, N. (1978) Class and Revolution in Ethiopia. Shama Books, Addis Ababa.
[72] Gibbons, A. (2007) The First Human: The Race to Discover our Earliest Ancestor. Anchor Books, New York.
[73] Johanson, D. and Wong, K. (2009) Lucy’s Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. Three Rivers Press, New York.
[74] Bahru, Z. (2001) A History of Modern Ethiopia, 1855-1974. 2nd Edition, James Currey, Oxford.
[75] Marcus, H. (1994) A History of Ethiopia. University of California Press, Berkeley.
[76] Pankhurst, R. (2001) The Ethiopians: A History (Peoples of Africa). New Edition, Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken.
[77] Pankhurst, R. (2005) Historic Images of Ethiopia. Shama Books, Addis Ababa.
[78] Briggs, P. (1998) Guide to Ethiopia. Bradt, London.
[79] Akilu, A. (1997) A Glimpse of Ethiopia.
[80] Schwab, K. and Sala-i-Martin, X., Eds. (2011) The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012. World Economic Forum, Geneva.
[81] Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 16 June 2009. (Ezega.com).
[82] Gertner, R.K., Berger, K.A. and Gertner, D. (2007) Country-dot-com: Marketing and Branding Destinations Online. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 21, 105-116.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J073v21n02_08
[83] Skinner, H. (2008) The Emergence and Development of Place Marketing’s Confused Identity. Journal of Marketing Management, 24, 915-928.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1362/026725708X381966
[84] O’donovan, V., Beauchamp, G. and Peach, R. (1998) Intersatellite Communications Systems. US Patent No. 5825325.
[85] Florek, M. (2005) The Country Brand as a New Challenge for Poland. Place Branding, 1, 205-214.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.pb.5990021
[86] Morrison, A. and Anderson, D. (2002) Destination Branding.
http://www.macvb.org/intranet/prese nation/DestinationBrandingLOzarks6-10-02.ppt
[87] Morgan, N. and Pritchard, A. (2002) Contextualizing Destination Branding. In: Morgan, N., Pritchard, A. and Pride, R., Eds., Destination Branding, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.
[88] Aaker, D.A. (1991) Managing Brand Equity. The Free Press, New York.
[89] Fontaine, F. (year) Stakeholder Collaboration in the Tourism Planning of a World Heritage Site: The Case Study of the Valley of the Temples in Agrigento (Sicily, Italy).
[90] Kapferer, J. (1997) Strategic Brand Management. Kogan Page, London, 32.
[91] Keller, K.L. (1998) Strategic Brand Management: Building, Measuring, and Managing Brand Equity. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River.
[92] Aaker, D.A. (1996) Building Strong Brands. The Free Press, New York.
[93] Cai, A. (2002) Cooperative Branding for Rural Destinations. Annals of Tourism Research, 29, 720-742.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(01)00080-9
[94] Florek, M., Insch, A. and Gnoth, J. (2006) City Council Websites as a Means of Place Brand Identity Communication. Place Branding, 2, 276-296.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.pb.6000036
[95] Baloglu, S. (1996) An Empirical Investigation of Determinants of Tourist Destination Image. Unpublished Dissertation, Virginia Polytechnic University, Blacksburg.
[96] Baloglu, S. and Mangaloglu, M. (2001) Tourism Destination Images of Turkey, Egypt, Greece, and Italy as Perceived by US-Based Tour Operators and Travel Agents. Tourism Management, 22, 1-9.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(00)00030-3
[97] Baloglu, S. and McCleary, K. (1999) A Model of Destination Image Formation. Annals of Tourism Research, 26, 868-897.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(99)00030-4
[98] Hosany, S., Ekinci, Y. and Uysal, M. (2007) Destination Image and Destination Personality. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 1, 62-81.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17506180710729619
[99] Mackay, K.J. and Fesenmaier, D.R. (2000) An Exploration of Cross-Cultural Destination Image Assessment. Journal of Travel Research, 38, 417-423.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004728750003800411
[100] Stern, E. and Krakover, S. (1993) The Formation of Composite Urban Image. Geographical Analysis, 25, 130-146.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4632.1993.tb00285.x
[101] Uysal, M., Chen, J. and Williams, D. (2000) Increasing State Market Share through a Regional Positioning. Tourism Management, 21, 89-96.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(99)00082-5
[102] Martin, I.M. and Eroglu, S. (1993) Measuring a Multi-Dimensional Construct: Country Image. Journal of Business Research, 28, 191-210.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0148-2963(93)90047-S
[103] Whetten, D.A. and Mackey, A. (2002) A Social Actor Conception of Organizational Identity and Its Implications for the Study of Organizational Reputation. Business & Society, 41, 393-414.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0007650302238775
[104] Russel, J.A., Ward, L.M. and Pratt, G. (1981) Affective Quality Attributed to Environments: A Factor Analytic Study. Environment and Behavior, 13, 259-288.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013916581133001
[105] Echtner, C.M. and Ritchie, J.R.B. (1993) The Measurement of Destination Image: An Empirical Assessment. Journal of Travel Research, 31, 3-13.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004728759303100402
[106] Quelch, J. and Jocz, K. (2005) Positioning the Nation-State. Place Branding, 1, 229-237.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.pb.5990024
[107] Morgan, N. and Pritchard, A. (2004) Meeting the Destination Branding Challenge. In: Morgan, N., Pritchard, A. and Pride, R., Eds., Destination Branding: Creating the Unique Destination Proposition, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 59-78.
[108] Ethiopian Culture and Tourism Minister Quarterly Report on Number of Tourist Arrival (2011).
[109] Sekaran, U. (2009) Research Method for Business: A Skill Building Approach. 4th Edition, Wiley India, New Delhi.
[110] Addis Ababa Culture and Tourism Report (2011) Unpublished Document of the Organization.
[111] Dinnie, K. (2008) Nation Branding: Concepts, Issues, Practice. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 126.
[112] Anholt, S. (2006) Competitive Identity: The New Brand Management for Nations, Cities and Regions. Palgrave Macmillan, London.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230627727
[113] Kotler, P. and Gertner, D. (2004) Country as Brand, Product and Beyond: A Place Marketing and Brand Management Perspective. In: Morgan, N., Pritchard, A. and Pride, R., Eds., Destination Branding: Creating the Unique Destination Proposition, 2nd Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 40-56.
[114] Field, A. (2005) Discovering Statistics Using SPSS. 2nd Edition, Sage, London.
[115] Hair, J., Money, A., Page, M. and Samouel, P. (2007) Research Methods for Business. Routledge, London.
[116] Pallant, J. (2010) SPSS Survival Manual. 4th Edition, Open University Press, Buckingham.
[117] Dinnie, K. (2008) Nation Branding: Concepts, Issues, Practice. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 72.
[118] Dinnie, K. (2008) Nation Branding: Concepts, Issues, Practice. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 228.