Determining Nodulation Regulatory (Rj) Genes of Myanmar Soybean Cultivars and Their Symbiotic Effectiveness with Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA110

Aung Zaw  Htwe; Yuichi  Saeki; Kyi  Moe; Takeo  Yamakawa

doi:10.4236/ajps.2015.618276

AJPS Vol.6 No.18 , November 2015

Determining Nodulation Regulatory (Rj) Genes of Myanmar Soybean Cultivars and Their Symbiotic Effectiveness with Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA110

Aung Zaw Htwe¹^*, Yuichi Saeki², Kyi Moe³, Takeo Yamakawa⁴

Abstract: Soybean (Glycine max L.) plays an essential role in human nutrition as a protein source, and in plant nutrition as a N source. The rate of N fixation varies depending on the cultivars and compatibility between the inoculated Rhizobium strain and the host cultivar. Characterizing the nodulation regulatory (Rj) genes is necessary to determine the compatibility of cultivars and Rhizobium strains. Rj genes were previously identified based on inoculation tests and PCR analyses. The six cultivars Yezin-3, Yezin-7, Yezin-11, Shan Seine (Local), Madaya (Local), and Hinthada (Local) were identified as harboring the Rj4 gene. Two cultivars, Yezin-6 and Yezin-8, were classified as non-Rj-gene harboring. Two other cultivars, Yezin-9 and Yezin-10, were identified as Rj3- and Rj2Rj3-gene harboring, respectively. Ours is the first report on Rj3- and Rj2Rj3-gene harboring cultivars in Myanmar. We evaluated Myanmar soybean cultivars for symbiotic effectiveness, relying on the standard strain Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA110. In our first experiment, the soybean cultivar Yezin-11 (Rj4) showed the highest N fixing potential. Based on their potential for fixing N and nodulation, the top six soybean cultivars were Yezin-11 (Rj4), Yezin-9 (Rj3), Yezin-6 (non-Rj), Yezin-8 (non-Rj), Yezin-3 (Rj4) and Yezin-10 (Rj2Rj3). These cultivars were selected for a second experiment, which revealed that the N fixation, nodulation, and plant growth of Yezin-11 (Rj4) *Corresponding author. A. Z. Htwe et al. 2800 were superior to the other cultivars. We conclude that Yezin-11 (Rj4) is the most efficient cultivar for nodulation and N fixation when inoculated with B. japonicum USDA110.

Keywords: B. japonicum USDA110, Inoculation Test, PCR Analysis, Nodulation Regulatory Genes (Rj Gene), Symbiotic Effectiveness

Cite this paper: Htwe, A. , Saeki, Y. , Moe, K. and Yamakawa, T. (2015) Determining Nodulation Regulatory (Rj) Genes of Myanmar Soybean Cultivars and Their Symbiotic Effectiveness with Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA110. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 6, 2799-2810. doi: 10.4236/ajps.2015.618276.

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