Some Insights into Cluster Structure of 9Be from 3He + 9Be Reaction
Author(s)
S. M. Lukyanov1*,
M. N. Harakeh2,
M. A. Naumenko1,
Yi Xu3,
W. H. Trzaska4,
V. Burjan3,
V. Kroha3,
J. Mrazek3,
V. Glagolev3,
Ŝ. Piskoř3,
E. I. Voskoboynik1,
S. V. Khlebnikov5,
Yu. E. Penionzhkevich1,6,
N. K. Skobelev1,
Yu. G. Sobolev1,
G. P. Tyurin3,
K. Kuterbekov7,
Yu. Tuleushev8
Affiliation(s)
1 Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, Dubna, Russian Federation. 2 KVI-CART, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. 3 Nuclear Physics Institute, Rez, Czech Republic. 4 Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, Jyvaskylä, Finland. 5 Khlopin Institute, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation. 6 National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, Moscow, Russian Federation. 7 Eurasian Gumilev University, Astana, Kazakhstan. 8 Nuclear Physics Institute, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
1 Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, Dubna, Russian Federation. 2 KVI-CART, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. 3 Nuclear Physics Institute, Rez, Czech Republic. 4 Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, Jyvaskylä, Finland. 5 Khlopin Institute, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation. 6 National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, Moscow, Russian Federation. 7 Eurasian Gumilev University, Astana, Kazakhstan. 8 Nuclear Physics Institute, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
ABSTRACT
The study of inelastic scattering and multi-nucleon transfer reactions was performed by bombarding a 9Be target with a 3He beam at the incident energy of 30 MeV. Angular distributions for 9Be(3He, 3He) 9Be, 9Be (3He, 3He) 8Be, 9Be (3He, 7Be) 5He, 9Be (3He, 6Li) 6Li and 9Be (3He, 7Li) 5Li reaction channels were measured. Experimental angular distributions for the corresponding ground states (g.s.) were analyzed within the framework of the optical model, the coupled-channel approach and the distorted-wave Born approximation. Cross sections for channels leading to unbound 5Heg.s., 5Lig.s. and 8Be systems were obtained from singles measurements where the relationship between the energy and the scattering angle of the observed stable ejectile was constrained by two-body kinematics. Information on the cluster structure of 9Be was obtained from the transfer channels. It was concluded that cluster transfer was an important mechanism in the investigated nuclear reaction channels. In the present work an attempt was made to estimate the relative strengths of the interesting (n + 8Be) and (α + 5He) cluster configurations in 9Be. The contributions of different exit channels have been determined confirming that the (α + 5He) configuration plays an important role. The configuration of 8Be consisting of two bound helium clusters (5He + 6He) is significantly suppressed, whereas the two-body configurations (n + 8Be) and (α + 5He) including unbound 8Be and 5He are found more probable.
The study of inelastic scattering and multi-nucleon transfer reactions was performed by bombarding a 9Be target with a 3He beam at the incident energy of 30 MeV. Angular distributions for 9Be(3He, 3He) 9Be, 9Be (3He, 3He) 8Be, 9Be (3He, 7Be) 5He, 9Be (3He, 6Li) 6Li and 9Be (3He, 7Li) 5Li reaction channels were measured. Experimental angular distributions for the corresponding ground states (g.s.) were analyzed within the framework of the optical model, the coupled-channel approach and the distorted-wave Born approximation. Cross sections for channels leading to unbound 5Heg.s., 5Lig.s. and 8Be systems were obtained from singles measurements where the relationship between the energy and the scattering angle of the observed stable ejectile was constrained by two-body kinematics. Information on the cluster structure of 9Be was obtained from the transfer channels. It was concluded that cluster transfer was an important mechanism in the investigated nuclear reaction channels. In the present work an attempt was made to estimate the relative strengths of the interesting (n + 8Be) and (α + 5He) cluster configurations in 9Be. The contributions of different exit channels have been determined confirming that the (α + 5He) configuration plays an important role. The configuration of 8Be consisting of two bound helium clusters (5He + 6He) is significantly suppressed, whereas the two-body configurations (n + 8Be) and (α + 5He) including unbound 8Be and 5He are found more probable.
Cite this paper
Lukyanov, S. , Harakeh, M. , Naumenko, M. , Xu, Y. , Trzaska, W. , Burjan, V. , Kroha, V. , Mrazek, J. , Glagolev, V. , Piskoř, Ŝ. , Voskoboynik, E. , Khlebnikov, S. , Penionzhkevich, Y. , Skobelev, N. , Sobolev, Y. , Tyurin, G. , Kuterbekov, K. and Tuleushev, Y. (2015) Some Insights into Cluster Structure of 9Be from 3He + 9Be Reaction. World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 5, 265-273. doi: 10.4236/wjnst.2015.54026.
Lukyanov, S. , Harakeh, M. , Naumenko, M. , Xu, Y. , Trzaska, W. , Burjan, V. , Kroha, V. , Mrazek, J. , Glagolev, V. , Piskoř, Ŝ. , Voskoboynik, E. , Khlebnikov, S. , Penionzhkevich, Y. , Skobelev, N. , Sobolev, Y. , Tyurin, G. , Kuterbekov, K. and Tuleushev, Y. (2015) Some Insights into Cluster Structure of 9Be from 3He + 9Be Reaction. World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 5, 265-273. doi: 10.4236/wjnst.2015.54026.
References
[1] Penionzhkevich, Yu.E., Lukyanov, S.M., Astabatyan, R.A., Demekhina, N.A., Ivanov, M.P., Kalpakchieva, R., Kulko, A.A., Markaryan, E.R., Maslov, V.A., Muzychka, Yu.A., Revenko, R.V., Skobelev, N.K., Smirnov, V.I. and Sobolev, Yu.G. (2009) Complete and Incomplete Fusion of 6Li Ions with Bi and Pt. Journal of Physics G-Nuclear and Particle Physics, 36, Article ID: 025104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/36/2/025104 [2] Skobelev, N.K., Demekhina, N.A., Kalpakchieva, R., Kulko, A.A., Lukyanov, S.M., Muzychka, Yu.A., Penionzhkevich, Yu.E. and Chuvilskaya, T.V. (2009) The Excitation Functions of Complete and Incomplete Fusion Reactions of 6Li with Pt Nuclei. Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters, 6, 208-215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S1547477109030042 [3] Brown, T.A.D., Papka, P., Fulton, B.R., Watson, D.L., Fox, S.P., Groombridge, D., Freer, M., Clarke, N.M., Ashwood, N.I., Curtis, N., Ziman, V., McEwan, P., Ahmed, S., Catford, W.N., Mahboub, D., Timis, C.N., Baldwin, T.D. and Weisser, D.C. (2007) Decay Studies for States in 9Be up to 11 MeV: Insights into the n + 8Be and α + 5He Cluster Structure. Physical Review C, 76, Article ID: 054605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.76.054605 [4] Papka, P., Brown, T.A.D., Fulton, B.R., Watson, D.L., Fox, S.P., Groombridge, D., Freer, M., Clarke, N.M., Ashwood, N.I., Curtis, N., Ziman, V., McEwan, P., Ahmed, S., Catford, W.N., Mahboub, D., Timis, C.N., Baldwin, T.D. and Weisser, D.C. (2007) Decay Path Measurements for the 2.429 MeV State in 9Be: Implications for the Astrophysical α + α + n Reaction. Physical Review C, 75, Article ID: 045803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.75.045803 [5] Grigorenko, L.V. and Zhukov, M.V. (2005) Three-Body Resonant Radiative Capture Reactions in Astrophysics. Physical Review C, 72, Article ID: 015803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.72.015803 [6] Buchmann, L., Gete, E., Chow, J.C., King, J.D. and Measday, D.F. (2001) β-Delayed Particle Decay of 9C and the A = 9, T = 1/2 Nuclear System: R-Matrix Fits, the A = 9 Nuclear System, and the Stellar Reaction Rate of 4He(αn,γ)9Be. Physical Review C, 63, Article ID: 034303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.63.034303 [7] Soic, N., Cali, D., Cherubini, S., et al. (1998) α-5He Decaying States and the Ground-State Rotational Band of 9Be. Europhysics Letters, 41, 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/epl/i1998-00179-4 [8] Charity, R.J., Wiser, T.D., Mercurio, K., Shane, R., Sobotka, L.G., Wuosmaa, A.H., Banu, A., Trache, L. and Tribble, R.E. (2009) Continuum Spectroscopy with a 10C Beam: Cluster Structure and Three-Body Decay. Physical Review C, 80, Article ID: 024306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.80.024306 [9] Nyman, G., Azuma, R.E., Hansen, P.G., Jonson, B., Larsson, P.O., Mattsson, S., Richter, A., Riisager, K., Tengblad, O. and Wilhelmsen, K., The ISOLDE Collaboration (1990) The Beta Decay of 9Li to Levels in 9Be: A New Look. Nuclear Physics A, 510, 189-208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(90)90236-F [10] Lukyanov, S.M., Denikin, A.S., Voskoboynik, E.I., Khlebnikov, S.V., Harakeh, M.N., Maslov, V.A., Penionzhkevich, Yu.E., Sobolev, Yu.G., Trzaska, W.H., Tyurin, G.P. and Kuterbekov, K.A. (2014) Systematic Study of the Energy of Vanishing Flow Using IQMD Model and Comparison with Various Theoretical Models. Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, 41, Article ID: 035103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/41/3/035103 [11] Détraz, C., Duhm, H.H. and Hafner, H. (1970) The (3He, 7Be) Reaction on Light Nuclei. Nuclear Physics A, 147, 488-508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(70)90594-4 [12] Détraz, C., Pougheon, F., Bernas, M., Langevin, M., Roussel, P. and Vernotte, J. (1974) Selectivity in the 11B(3He, 6Li)8Be Reaction. Nuclear Physics A, 228, 39-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(74)90444-8 [13] Rudchik, A.T., Koshchy, E.I., Budzanovsky, A., Siudak, R., Szczurek, A., Skwirczynska, I., Mashkarov, Yu., Glowalska, L., Turkiewicz, J., Zalyubovsky, I., Ziman, V., Burtebaev, N., Duyselbaev, A. and Adodin, V. (1996) Strong Coupled-Channel Effects in the 9Be(3He, 3He), 9Be(3He, 7Be) and (3He, 6Li) Reactions at E(3He, 3He) = 60 MeV. Nuclear Physics A, 609, 147-162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(96)00288-6 [14] Zagrebaev, V., Denikin, A. and Alekseev, A. (2009) DWBA for Nucleon Transfer Reactions. Nuclear Reaction Video Project. http://nrv.jinr.ru/nrv/webnrv/transfer/ [15] Thompson, I. http://www.fresco.org.uk/ http://www.ianthompson.org/surrey/ [16] Young, F.C. and Knudson, A.R. (1972) The (3He, 6Li) Reaction on 9Be as a Direct Reaction. Nuclear Physics A, 184, 563-573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(72)90428-9
[1] Penionzhkevich, Yu.E., Lukyanov, S.M., Astabatyan, R.A., Demekhina, N.A., Ivanov, M.P., Kalpakchieva, R., Kulko, A.A., Markaryan, E.R., Maslov, V.A., Muzychka, Yu.A., Revenko, R.V., Skobelev, N.K., Smirnov, V.I. and Sobolev, Yu.G. (2009) Complete and Incomplete Fusion of 6Li Ions with Bi and Pt. Journal of Physics G-Nuclear and Particle Physics, 36, Article ID: 025104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/36/2/025104 [2] Skobelev, N.K., Demekhina, N.A., Kalpakchieva, R., Kulko, A.A., Lukyanov, S.M., Muzychka, Yu.A., Penionzhkevich, Yu.E. and Chuvilskaya, T.V. (2009) The Excitation Functions of Complete and Incomplete Fusion Reactions of 6Li with Pt Nuclei. Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters, 6, 208-215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S1547477109030042 [3] Brown, T.A.D., Papka, P., Fulton, B.R., Watson, D.L., Fox, S.P., Groombridge, D., Freer, M., Clarke, N.M., Ashwood, N.I., Curtis, N., Ziman, V., McEwan, P., Ahmed, S., Catford, W.N., Mahboub, D., Timis, C.N., Baldwin, T.D. and Weisser, D.C. (2007) Decay Studies for States in 9Be up to 11 MeV: Insights into the n + 8Be and α + 5He Cluster Structure. Physical Review C, 76, Article ID: 054605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.76.054605 [4] Papka, P., Brown, T.A.D., Fulton, B.R., Watson, D.L., Fox, S.P., Groombridge, D., Freer, M., Clarke, N.M., Ashwood, N.I., Curtis, N., Ziman, V., McEwan, P., Ahmed, S., Catford, W.N., Mahboub, D., Timis, C.N., Baldwin, T.D. and Weisser, D.C. (2007) Decay Path Measurements for the 2.429 MeV State in 9Be: Implications for the Astrophysical α + α + n Reaction. Physical Review C, 75, Article ID: 045803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.75.045803 [5] Grigorenko, L.V. and Zhukov, M.V. (2005) Three-Body Resonant Radiative Capture Reactions in Astrophysics. Physical Review C, 72, Article ID: 015803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.72.015803 [6] Buchmann, L., Gete, E., Chow, J.C., King, J.D. and Measday, D.F. (2001) β-Delayed Particle Decay of 9C and the A = 9, T = 1/2 Nuclear System: R-Matrix Fits, the A = 9 Nuclear System, and the Stellar Reaction Rate of 4He(αn,γ)9Be. Physical Review C, 63, Article ID: 034303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.63.034303 [7] Soic, N., Cali, D., Cherubini, S., et al. (1998) α-5He Decaying States and the Ground-State Rotational Band of 9Be. Europhysics Letters, 41, 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/epl/i1998-00179-4 [8] Charity, R.J., Wiser, T.D., Mercurio, K., Shane, R., Sobotka, L.G., Wuosmaa, A.H., Banu, A., Trache, L. and Tribble, R.E. (2009) Continuum Spectroscopy with a 10C Beam: Cluster Structure and Three-Body Decay. Physical Review C, 80, Article ID: 024306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.80.024306 [9] Nyman, G., Azuma, R.E., Hansen, P.G., Jonson, B., Larsson, P.O., Mattsson, S., Richter, A., Riisager, K., Tengblad, O. and Wilhelmsen, K., The ISOLDE Collaboration (1990) The Beta Decay of 9Li to Levels in 9Be: A New Look. Nuclear Physics A, 510, 189-208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(90)90236-F [10] Lukyanov, S.M., Denikin, A.S., Voskoboynik, E.I., Khlebnikov, S.V., Harakeh, M.N., Maslov, V.A., Penionzhkevich, Yu.E., Sobolev, Yu.G., Trzaska, W.H., Tyurin, G.P. and Kuterbekov, K.A. (2014) Systematic Study of the Energy of Vanishing Flow Using IQMD Model and Comparison with Various Theoretical Models. Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, 41, Article ID: 035103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/41/3/035103 [11] Détraz, C., Duhm, H.H. and Hafner, H. (1970) The (3He, 7Be) Reaction on Light Nuclei. Nuclear Physics A, 147, 488-508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(70)90594-4 [12] Détraz, C., Pougheon, F., Bernas, M., Langevin, M., Roussel, P. and Vernotte, J. (1974) Selectivity in the 11B(3He, 6Li)8Be Reaction. Nuclear Physics A, 228, 39-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(74)90444-8 [13] Rudchik, A.T., Koshchy, E.I., Budzanovsky, A., Siudak, R., Szczurek, A., Skwirczynska, I., Mashkarov, Yu., Glowalska, L., Turkiewicz, J., Zalyubovsky, I., Ziman, V., Burtebaev, N., Duyselbaev, A. and Adodin, V. (1996) Strong Coupled-Channel Effects in the 9Be(3He, 3He), 9Be(3He, 7Be) and (3He, 6Li) Reactions at E(3He, 3He) = 60 MeV. Nuclear Physics A, 609, 147-162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(96)00288-6 [14] Zagrebaev, V., Denikin, A. and Alekseev, A. (2009) DWBA for Nucleon Transfer Reactions. Nuclear Reaction Video Project. http://nrv.jinr.ru/nrv/webnrv/transfer/ [15] Thompson, I. http://www.fresco.org.uk/ http://www.ianthompson.org/surrey/ [16] Young, F.C. and Knudson, A.R. (1972) The (3He, 6Li) Reaction on 9Be as a Direct Reaction. Nuclear Physics A, 184, 563-573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(72)90428-9