Experimental Research on Toluene Degradation in Plasma as the Driving Force of Nanomaterials
Affiliation(s)
School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing, China.
School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing, China.
ABSTRACT
Plasma technology has some shortcomings, such as higher energy consumption and byproducts produced in the reaction process. However non-thermal plasma associated with catalyst can resolve these problems. So this kind of technology was paid more and more attention to treat waste gas. In this paper, we make use of this technology to decompose toluene under different electric field and packed materials. At the same time, the mechanism of toluene decomposition using plasma and catalyst is discussed. The experimental results show toluene decomposition increases with electric field strength increasing and flow velocity and initial concentration decreasing. There are four conditions in plasma: without packed materials (1); with packed materials (2); with BaTiO3 in the surfaces of packed materials (3); and with nanometer Ba0.8Sr0.2Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 (4). Toluene decomposition represents a obvious trend, that is, η(4) > η(3) > η(2) > η(1). The best decomposition efficiency of toluene arrives at 95%.
Plasma technology has some shortcomings, such as higher energy consumption and byproducts produced in the reaction process. However non-thermal plasma associated with catalyst can resolve these problems. So this kind of technology was paid more and more attention to treat waste gas. In this paper, we make use of this technology to decompose toluene under different electric field and packed materials. At the same time, the mechanism of toluene decomposition using plasma and catalyst is discussed. The experimental results show toluene decomposition increases with electric field strength increasing and flow velocity and initial concentration decreasing. There are four conditions in plasma: without packed materials (1); with packed materials (2); with BaTiO3 in the surfaces of packed materials (3); and with nanometer Ba0.8Sr0.2Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 (4). Toluene decomposition represents a obvious trend, that is, η(4) > η(3) > η(2) > η(1). The best decomposition efficiency of toluene arrives at 95%.
Cite this paper
Zhu, T. , Li, X. , Zhao, W. , Xia, N. and Wang, X. (2015) Experimental Research on Toluene Degradation in Plasma as the Driving Force of Nanomaterials. Open Journal of Applied Sciences, 5, 586-594. doi: 10.4236/ojapps.2015.510057.
Zhu, T. , Li, X. , Zhao, W. , Xia, N. and Wang, X. (2015) Experimental Research on Toluene Degradation in Plasma as the Driving Force of Nanomaterials. Open Journal of Applied Sciences, 5, 586-594. doi: 10.4236/ojapps.2015.510057.
References
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2003.11.014 [5] Urashima, K. and Chang, J. (2000) Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds from Air Streams and Industrial Flue Gases by Non-Thermal Plasma Technology. IEEE Transaction on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 7, 602-614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/94.879356 [6] Ogata, A., Yamanonchi, K., Mizuno, K., et al. (1999) Decomposition of Benzene Using Alumina-Hybrid and Catalyst-Hybrid Plasma Reactors. IEEE Transaction on Industry Application, 35, 1289-1295.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/28.806041 [7] Einaga, H., Lbusuki, T. and Futamura, S. (2001) Performance Evaluation of a Hybrid System Comprising Silent Discharge Plasma and Manganese Oxide Catalysts for Benzene Decomposition. IEEE Transaction on Industry Application, 37, 858-863. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/28.952524 [8] Guo, Y.-F., Ye, D.-Q., Chen, K.-F., et al. (2006) Toluene Decomposition Using a Wire-Plate Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor with Manganese Oxide Catalyst in Situ. Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, 245, 93-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcata.2005.09.013 [9] Li, R.X., et al. (2006) Plasma Catalysis for CO2 Decomposition by Using Different Dielectric Materials. Fuel Pro- cessing Technology, 87, 617-622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2006.01.007 [10] Malik, M.A. and Jiang, X.Z. (2000) Catalyst Assisted Destruction of Trichloro Ethylene and Toluene in Corona Discharges. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 12, 7-11. [11] Subrahmanyam, Ch., Renken, A. and Kiwi-Minsker, L. (2007) Novel Catalytic Non-Thermal Plasma Reactor for the Abatement of VOCs. Chemical Engineering Journal, 134, 78-83.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2007.03.063 [12] Yang. J.J. (1983) Gas Discharge. Science Publishing Company, Beijing. [13] Jian, L. and Guang-da, M. (2000) The Mechanismic Analysis and Experiment on Controlling Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) with Corona Discharge. Journal of Xi’an University of Architecture & Technology, 32, 24-27. [14] West, A.R. (1984) Solid State Chemistry and Its Applications. John Wiley Sons Ltd., New Delhi, 534-540. [15] Ding, S.W., Wang, J., Qin, L., et al. (2001) The Structure and Performance of Complex of Nanometer BaTiO3. Science in China Series B, 31, 525-529.
[1] de Nevers, N. (2000) Air Pollution Control Engineering. 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill, Beijing. [2] Guangda, M. (2003) Air Pollution Control Engineering. 2nd Edition, China Environmental Science Publishing Company, Beijing. [3] Guowen, L., Fan, Q.J. and Liu, Q. (1998) The Control Technique over the Pollution Caused by VOCs. Journal of Xi’an University of Architecture & Technology, 30, 399-402. [4] Futamura, S., Einaga, H. and Kabashima, H., et al. (2004) Synergistic Effect of Silent Discharge Plasma and Catalysts on Benzene Decomposition. Catalysis Today, 89, 89-95.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2003.11.014 [5] Urashima, K. and Chang, J. (2000) Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds from Air Streams and Industrial Flue Gases by Non-Thermal Plasma Technology. IEEE Transaction on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 7, 602-614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/94.879356 [6] Ogata, A., Yamanonchi, K., Mizuno, K., et al. (1999) Decomposition of Benzene Using Alumina-Hybrid and Catalyst-Hybrid Plasma Reactors. IEEE Transaction on Industry Application, 35, 1289-1295.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/28.806041 [7] Einaga, H., Lbusuki, T. and Futamura, S. (2001) Performance Evaluation of a Hybrid System Comprising Silent Discharge Plasma and Manganese Oxide Catalysts for Benzene Decomposition. IEEE Transaction on Industry Application, 37, 858-863. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/28.952524 [8] Guo, Y.-F., Ye, D.-Q., Chen, K.-F., et al. (2006) Toluene Decomposition Using a Wire-Plate Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor with Manganese Oxide Catalyst in Situ. Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, 245, 93-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcata.2005.09.013 [9] Li, R.X., et al. (2006) Plasma Catalysis for CO2 Decomposition by Using Different Dielectric Materials. Fuel Pro- cessing Technology, 87, 617-622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2006.01.007 [10] Malik, M.A. and Jiang, X.Z. (2000) Catalyst Assisted Destruction of Trichloro Ethylene and Toluene in Corona Discharges. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 12, 7-11. [11] Subrahmanyam, Ch., Renken, A. and Kiwi-Minsker, L. (2007) Novel Catalytic Non-Thermal Plasma Reactor for the Abatement of VOCs. Chemical Engineering Journal, 134, 78-83.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2007.03.063 [12] Yang. J.J. (1983) Gas Discharge. Science Publishing Company, Beijing. [13] Jian, L. and Guang-da, M. (2000) The Mechanismic Analysis and Experiment on Controlling Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) with Corona Discharge. Journal of Xi’an University of Architecture & Technology, 32, 24-27. [14] West, A.R. (1984) Solid State Chemistry and Its Applications. John Wiley Sons Ltd., New Delhi, 534-540. [15] Ding, S.W., Wang, J., Qin, L., et al. (2001) The Structure and Performance of Complex of Nanometer BaTiO3. Science in China Series B, 31, 525-529.