The Inhibition Effect of Cinnamon Extract on Leaching of Aluminum Cook Wares in NaCl Solutions at Quasi-Cooking Condition
ABSTRACT
The contribution of cinnamon extract on leaching of aluminum (Al) cook wares was investigated using two aluminum alloys (Indian and Egyptian) and pure Al. The cinnamon (Cin) was extracted by heating the Cin sticks at 90°C in distilled water for an hour to make the 10% stock solution. This study was done in aqueous solutions in presence and absence of 1% NaCl using weight loss at 90°C. Moreover surface study (SEM and EDX) and electrochemical methods (Open Circuit Potential and Tafel plot) were applied. The addition of Cin solutions to 1% NaCl decreased the corrosion rates in weight loss and electrochemical method compared to 1% NaCl solutions which showed an inhibitive property of Cin solution. The inhibition was found to obey the modified Langmuir isotherm with a negative Langmuir ΔGads indicating the spontaneous nature of adsorption even at 90°C. The EDX surface analysis of the Al surface immersed in Cin + NaCl revealed the composition of the pits formed. From Tafel method, it was found that the corrosion current density of pure Al was more than that of the Egyptian alloy. The apparent activation energy values for Cin, Cin + NaCl and NaCl solution were evaluated and discussed.
The contribution of cinnamon extract on leaching of aluminum (Al) cook wares was investigated using two aluminum alloys (Indian and Egyptian) and pure Al. The cinnamon (Cin) was extracted by heating the Cin sticks at 90°C in distilled water for an hour to make the 10% stock solution. This study was done in aqueous solutions in presence and absence of 1% NaCl using weight loss at 90°C. Moreover surface study (SEM and EDX) and electrochemical methods (Open Circuit Potential and Tafel plot) were applied. The addition of Cin solutions to 1% NaCl decreased the corrosion rates in weight loss and electrochemical method compared to 1% NaCl solutions which showed an inhibitive property of Cin solution. The inhibition was found to obey the modified Langmuir isotherm with a negative Langmuir ΔGads indicating the spontaneous nature of adsorption even at 90°C. The EDX surface analysis of the Al surface immersed in Cin + NaCl revealed the composition of the pits formed. From Tafel method, it was found that the corrosion current density of pure Al was more than that of the Egyptian alloy. The apparent activation energy values for Cin, Cin + NaCl and NaCl solution were evaluated and discussed.
KEYWORDS
Cinnamon Extract, Aluminum Alloys, Weight Loss Method, Inhibition, Surface Study, Open Circuit Potential, Tafel Plot
Cinnamon Extract, Aluminum Alloys, Weight Loss Method, Inhibition, Surface Study, Open Circuit Potential, Tafel Plot
Cite this paper
Al Juhaiman, L. , Al-Shihry, R. and Al Hazmei, H. (2015) The Inhibition Effect of Cinnamon Extract on Leaching of Aluminum Cook Wares in NaCl Solutions at Quasi-Cooking Condition. Journal of Surface Engineered Materials and Advanced Technology, 5, 177-189. doi: 10.4236/jsemat.2015.54020.
Al Juhaiman, L. , Al-Shihry, R. and Al Hazmei, H. (2015) The Inhibition Effect of Cinnamon Extract on Leaching of Aluminum Cook Wares in NaCl Solutions at Quasi-Cooking Condition. Journal of Surface Engineered Materials and Advanced Technology, 5, 177-189. doi: 10.4236/jsemat.2015.54020.
References
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10800-009-9826-1 [11] Obot, I.B. and Obi-Egbedi, N.O. (2009) Ipomoea Involcrata as an Ecofriendly Inhibitor for Aluminium in Alkaline Medium. Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta, 27, 517-524.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4152/pea.200904517 [12] Chaieb, E., Bouyanzer, A., Hammouti, B. and Benkaddour, M. (2005) Inhibition of the Corrosion of Steel in 1 M HCl by Eugenol Derivatives. Applied Surface Science, 246, 199-206.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.11.011 [13] Shalabi, K., Abdallah, Y.M., Hassan, R.M. and Fouda, A.S. (2014) Adsorption and Corrosion Inhibition of Atropa Belladonna Extract on Carbon Steel in 1 M HCl Solution. International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 9, 1468- 1487. [14] Hassan, R.M. and Zaafarany, I.A. (2013) Kinetics of Corrosion Inhibition of Aluminum in Acidic Media by Water- Soluble Natural Polymeric Pectates as Anionic Polyelectrolyte Inhibitors. Materials, 6, 2436-2451.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma6062436 [15] Ibrahim, T.H. and Abou Zour, M. (2011) Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel Using Fig Leaves Extract in Hydrochloric Acid Solution M. International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 6, 6442-6455. [16] Singh, A.K., Ebenso, E.E. and Quraishi, M.A. (2012) Adsorption Behaviour of Cefapirin on Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solution. International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 7, 2320-2333. [17] Obot, I.B., Umoren, S.A. and Obi-Egbedi, N.O. (2012) Corrosion Inhibition and Adsorption Behavior for Aluminuim by Extract of Aningeria robusta in HCl Solution: Synergistic Effect of Iodide Ions. Journal of Material Environmental Science, 2, 60-71. [18] Brillas, E., Cabot, P.L., Centellas, F., Carrido, J.A., Parez, E.R. and Rodfiques, M. (1998) Electrochemical Oxidation of High-Purity and Homogeneous Al-Mg Alloys with Low Mg Contents. Electrochimica Acta, 43, 799-812.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0013-4686(97)00266-1 [19] Al Juhaiman, L.A., Al-Shihry, R.A. and Al-Hazimi, H.M. (2014) Effect of Cardamom Extract on Leaching of Aluminum Cookware. International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 9, 1055-1070. [20] Kolice, A., Besing, A.S., Baradlai, P., Haasch, R. and Weickowski, A. (2001) Effect of Thickness and Ion Content of the Oxide Film on Al in NaCl Media. Journal of Electrochemical Society, 148, B251-B259.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.1376118 [21] McCafferty, E. (2003) Sequence of Steps in the Pitting of Aluminum by Chloride Ions. Corrosion Science, 45, 1421- 1438.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0010-938X(02)00231-7 [22] Brett, C.M., Gomes I.A. and Martins, P. (1994) The Electrochemical Behavior and Corrosion of Aluminum in Chloride Media. Corrosion Science, 36, 915-923.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-938X(94)90194-5 [23] Da Browski, A. (2001) Adsorption from Theory to Practice. Advance Colloid Interface Science, 93, 135-224.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0001-8686(00)00082-8 [24] Zucchi, F., Trabanelli, G. and Brunoro, G. (1994) Iron Corrosion Inhibition in Hot 4 M HCl Solution by t-Cinnamal- dehyde and Its Structure-Related Compounds. Corrosion Science, 36, 1683-1690.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-938X(94)90123-6 [25] Jones, D.A. (1995) Principles and Prevention of Corrosion. 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall Engineering, New York. [26] Garrigues, L., Pebere, N. and Dabost, F. (1996) An Investigation of the Corrosion Inhibition of Pure Aluminum in Neutral and Acidic Chloride Solutions. Electrochimica Acta, 41, 1209-1215.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(95)00472-6 [27] Mazhar, M.A., Badawy, W.A. and AbouRomia, R.M. (1986) Impedance Studies of Corrosion Resistance of Aluminium in Chloride Media. Surface Coating Technology, 29, 335-345.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0257-8972(86)90006-X [28] Al Juhaiman, L.A., Abu Mustafa, A. and Mekhamer, W.K. (2012) Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor of Carbon Steel in Neutral Solutions Containing NaCl: Electrochemical and Thermodynamic Study. International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 7, 8578-8596. [29] Obot, I.B., Obi-Egbedi, N.O., Umoren, S.A. and Ebenso, S.A. (2011) Adsorption Behavior and Kinetic Modeling of Fluconazole on Aluminium from HCl Solution. Chemical Engineering Communication, 198, 1-15.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00986445.2011.532746 [30] Ameer, M.A. and Fekry, A.F. (2011) Inhibition Effect of Newly Synthesized Heterocyclic Organic Molecules on Corrosion of Steel in Alkaline Medium Containing Chloride. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 35, 11378-11396.
[1] Gitelman, H. (1989) Aluminum and Health. Marcel Dekker, Inc., NewYork. [2] Neelam, Bamji, M.S. and Kaladhar, M. (2000) Risk of Increased Aluminum Burden in the Indian Population: Contribution from Aluminum Cookware. Food Chemistry, 70, 57-61.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(00)00068-6 [3] Soni, M.G., White, S.M., Flamm, W.G. and Burdock, G.A. (2001) Safety Evaluation of Dietary Aluminum. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 33, 66-79.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/rtph.2000.1441 [4] Tripathi, R.M., Mahapatra, S., Raghunath, R., Vinod Kumar, A. and Sadasivan, S. (2002) Daily Intake of Aluminium by Adult Population of Mumbai. Indian Science of the Total Environment, 299, 73-77.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00224-3 [5] Scancar, J., Stibilj, V. and Miacic, R. (2004) Determination of Aluminum in Slovenian Foodstuffs and Its Leachability from Aluminum Cookware. Food Chemistry, 85, 151-157.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2003.07.028 [6] Verissimo, M.I.S., Oliveira, J. and Gomes, M. (2006) Leaching of Aluminum from Cooking Pans and Food Containers. Sensors and Actuators B, 118, 192-197.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2006.04.061 [7] Fekete, V., Vandevijvere, S., Bolle, F. and Van Loco, J. (2013) Estimation of Dietary Aluminum Exposure of the Belgian Adult Population: Evaluation of Contribution of Food and Kitchenware. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 55, 602- 608.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2013.01.059 [8] WHO/FAO (2007) Expert Committee on Safety Evaluation of Certain Food Additives and Contaminants. Food Additives Series, Geneva, 58, 119-207. [9] Parthasarathy, V.A., Chempakam, B. and Zachariah, T.J. (2008) Chemistry of Spices. CABI International, London.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781845934057.0000 [10] Noor, E.A. (2009) Potential of Aqueous Extract of Hibiscus Sabdariffa Leaves for Inhibiting the Corrosion of Aluminum in Alkaline Solutions. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 39, 1465-1475.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10800-009-9826-1 [11] Obot, I.B. and Obi-Egbedi, N.O. (2009) Ipomoea Involcrata as an Ecofriendly Inhibitor for Aluminium in Alkaline Medium. Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta, 27, 517-524.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4152/pea.200904517 [12] Chaieb, E., Bouyanzer, A., Hammouti, B. and Benkaddour, M. (2005) Inhibition of the Corrosion of Steel in 1 M HCl by Eugenol Derivatives. Applied Surface Science, 246, 199-206.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.11.011 [13] Shalabi, K., Abdallah, Y.M., Hassan, R.M. and Fouda, A.S. (2014) Adsorption and Corrosion Inhibition of Atropa Belladonna Extract on Carbon Steel in 1 M HCl Solution. International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 9, 1468- 1487. [14] Hassan, R.M. and Zaafarany, I.A. (2013) Kinetics of Corrosion Inhibition of Aluminum in Acidic Media by Water- Soluble Natural Polymeric Pectates as Anionic Polyelectrolyte Inhibitors. Materials, 6, 2436-2451.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma6062436 [15] Ibrahim, T.H. and Abou Zour, M. (2011) Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel Using Fig Leaves Extract in Hydrochloric Acid Solution M. International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 6, 6442-6455. [16] Singh, A.K., Ebenso, E.E. and Quraishi, M.A. (2012) Adsorption Behaviour of Cefapirin on Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solution. International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 7, 2320-2333. [17] Obot, I.B., Umoren, S.A. and Obi-Egbedi, N.O. (2012) Corrosion Inhibition and Adsorption Behavior for Aluminuim by Extract of Aningeria robusta in HCl Solution: Synergistic Effect of Iodide Ions. Journal of Material Environmental Science, 2, 60-71. [18] Brillas, E., Cabot, P.L., Centellas, F., Carrido, J.A., Parez, E.R. and Rodfiques, M. (1998) Electrochemical Oxidation of High-Purity and Homogeneous Al-Mg Alloys with Low Mg Contents. Electrochimica Acta, 43, 799-812.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0013-4686(97)00266-1 [19] Al Juhaiman, L.A., Al-Shihry, R.A. and Al-Hazimi, H.M. (2014) Effect of Cardamom Extract on Leaching of Aluminum Cookware. International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 9, 1055-1070. [20] Kolice, A., Besing, A.S., Baradlai, P., Haasch, R. and Weickowski, A. (2001) Effect of Thickness and Ion Content of the Oxide Film on Al in NaCl Media. Journal of Electrochemical Society, 148, B251-B259.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.1376118 [21] McCafferty, E. (2003) Sequence of Steps in the Pitting of Aluminum by Chloride Ions. Corrosion Science, 45, 1421- 1438.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0010-938X(02)00231-7 [22] Brett, C.M., Gomes I.A. and Martins, P. (1994) The Electrochemical Behavior and Corrosion of Aluminum in Chloride Media. Corrosion Science, 36, 915-923.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-938X(94)90194-5 [23] Da Browski, A. (2001) Adsorption from Theory to Practice. Advance Colloid Interface Science, 93, 135-224.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0001-8686(00)00082-8 [24] Zucchi, F., Trabanelli, G. and Brunoro, G. (1994) Iron Corrosion Inhibition in Hot 4 M HCl Solution by t-Cinnamal- dehyde and Its Structure-Related Compounds. Corrosion Science, 36, 1683-1690.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-938X(94)90123-6 [25] Jones, D.A. (1995) Principles and Prevention of Corrosion. 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall Engineering, New York. [26] Garrigues, L., Pebere, N. and Dabost, F. (1996) An Investigation of the Corrosion Inhibition of Pure Aluminum in Neutral and Acidic Chloride Solutions. Electrochimica Acta, 41, 1209-1215.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(95)00472-6 [27] Mazhar, M.A., Badawy, W.A. and AbouRomia, R.M. (1986) Impedance Studies of Corrosion Resistance of Aluminium in Chloride Media. Surface Coating Technology, 29, 335-345.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0257-8972(86)90006-X [28] Al Juhaiman, L.A., Abu Mustafa, A. and Mekhamer, W.K. (2012) Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor of Carbon Steel in Neutral Solutions Containing NaCl: Electrochemical and Thermodynamic Study. International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 7, 8578-8596. [29] Obot, I.B., Obi-Egbedi, N.O., Umoren, S.A. and Ebenso, S.A. (2011) Adsorption Behavior and Kinetic Modeling of Fluconazole on Aluminium from HCl Solution. Chemical Engineering Communication, 198, 1-15.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00986445.2011.532746 [30] Ameer, M.A. and Fekry, A.F. (2011) Inhibition Effect of Newly Synthesized Heterocyclic Organic Molecules on Corrosion of Steel in Alkaline Medium Containing Chloride. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 35, 11378-11396.