Yield, Water Use Efficiency and Physiological Characteristic of “Tommy Atkins” Mango under Partial Rootzone Drying Irrigation System
Author(s)
Marcelo Rocha dos Santos*,
Breno Rosa Neves,
Bismarc Lopes da Silva,
Sérgio Luiz Rodrigues Donato
Affiliation(s)
Instituto Federal de Educa ç ão, Ciência e Tecnologia Baiano, Campus Guanambi, Bahia, Brazil.
Instituto Federal de Educa ç ão, Ciência e Tecnologia Baiano, Campus Guanambi, Bahia, Brazil.
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to evaluate the yield, water use efficiency and physiologic characteristics of “Tommy Atkins” mango under partial rootzone drying. The experiment was carried out in an orchard of mango in the irrigated perimeter of Ceraíma, BA. Five treatments and six repetitions were used with one tree per experimental plot: 01—Full Irrigation, 100% of ETc, 02—100% of ETc with frequency of alternance (FA) of 15 days, 03—80% ETc with FA of 15 days, 04—60% of ETc with FA of 15 days, 05—40% ETc with FA of 15 days. The treatments were conductedfrom the beginning of flowering to the harvest of mango in an orchard irrigated by drip. There was no significant reduction in productivity of “Tommy Atkins” mango under PRD up to 40% of ETc and PRD with 40% ETc resulted in greater water use efficiency. There was no significant difference among the averages of photosynthetically active radiation, Qleaf; leaf temperature, Tl; internal CO2 concentration, Ci; transpiration, E; stomatal conductance, gs; photosynthesis, A; carboxylation efficiency, A/Ci; quantum efficiency of photosynthesis, A/Qleaf and instantaneous water use efficiency, A/E between full irrigation and PRD with different water depth. The increase in leaf temperature causes reduction in A/Qleaf and A/E, however, it increases the transpiration. Increased gs results in higher rates of E, A and A/Ci. The use of the PRD with 40% of ETc causes no interference in gas exchange, maintains the yield and increases water use efficiency in “Tommy Atkins” mango tree.
This study was conducted to evaluate the yield, water use efficiency and physiologic characteristics of “Tommy Atkins” mango under partial rootzone drying. The experiment was carried out in an orchard of mango in the irrigated perimeter of Ceraíma, BA. Five treatments and six repetitions were used with one tree per experimental plot: 01—Full Irrigation, 100% of ETc, 02—100% of ETc with frequency of alternance (FA) of 15 days, 03—80% ETc with FA of 15 days, 04—60% of ETc with FA of 15 days, 05—40% ETc with FA of 15 days. The treatments were conductedfrom the beginning of flowering to the harvest of mango in an orchard irrigated by drip. There was no significant reduction in productivity of “Tommy Atkins” mango under PRD up to 40% of ETc and PRD with 40% ETc resulted in greater water use efficiency. There was no significant difference among the averages of photosynthetically active radiation, Qleaf; leaf temperature, Tl; internal CO2 concentration, Ci; transpiration, E; stomatal conductance, gs; photosynthesis, A; carboxylation efficiency, A/Ci; quantum efficiency of photosynthesis, A/Qleaf and instantaneous water use efficiency, A/E between full irrigation and PRD with different water depth. The increase in leaf temperature causes reduction in A/Qleaf and A/E, however, it increases the transpiration. Increased gs results in higher rates of E, A and A/Ci. The use of the PRD with 40% of ETc causes no interference in gas exchange, maintains the yield and increases water use efficiency in “Tommy Atkins” mango tree.
Cite this paper
dos Santos, M. , Neves, B. , da Silva, B. and Donato, S. (2015) Yield, Water Use Efficiency and Physiological Characteristic of “Tommy Atkins” Mango under Partial Rootzone Drying Irrigation System. Journal of Water Resource and Protection, 7, 1029-1037. doi: 10.4236/jwarp.2015.713084.
dos Santos, M. , Neves, B. , da Silva, B. and Donato, S. (2015) Yield, Water Use Efficiency and Physiological Characteristic of “Tommy Atkins” Mango under Partial Rootzone Drying Irrigation System. Journal of Water Resource and Protection, 7, 1029-1037. doi: 10.4236/jwarp.2015.713084.
References
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http://www.ibge.gov.br [2] Manica, I. (2001) Clima e solo. In: Manica, I., Icuma, I.M., Malavolta, E., Ramos, V.H.V., Oliveitra Junior, M.E., Cunha, M.M. and Junqueira, N.T.V., Eds., Manga: Tecnologia, Produção, Pós-colheita, Agroindústria e Exportação, CincoContinentes, Porto Alegre, 617 p. [3] Lima Neto, F.P., Santos, C.A.F. and Costa, J.G. (2010) Cultivo da mangueira: Cultivares. Embrapa Semiárido Sistemas de Produção, 2 - 2a edição. Versão Eletrônica. [4] Santos, M.R.; Martinez, M.A.; Donato, S.L.R.; Coelho, E.F. (2014) Fruityieldand Root System Distributionof “Tommy Atkins” Mango Underdifferentirrigation Regimes. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 18, 362-369.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1415-43662014000400002 [5] Santos, M. R., Martinez, M.A., Donato, S.L.R. and Coelho, E.F.(2014) Tommy Atkins Mango Yield and Photosynthesis under Hydric Deficit in Semiarid Region of Bahia. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 18, 899-907.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v18n09p899-907 [6] Santos, M.R. and Martinez, M.A. (2013) Soil Water Distribution and Extraction by “Tommy Atkins” Mango (Mangiferaindica L.) Trees under Different Irrigation Regimes. Idesia, 31, 7-16.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-34292013000300002 [7] Santos, M.R., Martinez, M.A. and Donato, S.L.R. (2013) Gas exchanges of “Tommy Atkins” Mango Trees under Different Irrigation Treatments. Bioscience Journal, 29, 1141-1153. [8] Sampaio, A.H.R., Coelho Filho, M.A., Coelho, E.F., Daniel, R., Oliveira, V.V.M., Carvalho, G.C. and Santana Junior, E.B. (2010) Déficit hídrico e secamento parcial do sistema radicular em pomar de lima ácida. Pesquisa agropecuária Brasileira, 45, 1141-1148.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X2010001000013 [9] Kang, S.Z. and Zhang, J. (2004) Controlled Alternate Partial Root-Zone Irrigation: Its Physiological Consequences and Impact on Water Use Efficiency. Journalof Experimental Botany, 10, 1-10.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erh249 [10] Mccarthy, M.G. (2000) Regulated Deficit Irrigation and Partial Rootzone Drying as Irrigation Management Techniques for Grapevines. Deficit Irrigation Practices, Water Reports No. 22, 79-87, FAO, Roma. [11] Sant’Ana, J.A.V., Coelho Filho, M.A., Coelho, E.F., Cunha Alves, A.A., Oliveira, V.V.M. and Velame, L.M. (2009) Manejo de irrigação com déficit (PRD) em pomar de manga “Kent” no semi-árido baiano. 3a Jornada Científica. Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical, Resumos. Cruz das Almas, 17 a 20 de Agosto de 2009. [12] Spreer, W., Nagle, M., Neidhart, S., Carle, R., Ongprasert, S. and Muller, J. (2007) Effect of Regulated Deficit Irrigation and Partial Rootzone Drying on the Quality of Mango Fruits (MangiferaindicaL., cv. “Chok Anan”). Agricultural Water Management, 88, 173-180.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2006.10.012 [13] Spreer, W., Ongprasert, S., Hegele, M., Wunsche, J.N. and Muller, J. (2009) Yield and Fruit Development in Mango (MangiferaindicaL. cv. Chok Anan) under Different Irrigation Regimes. Agricultural Water Management, 96, 574-584.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2008.09.020 [14] Mouco, M.A.C. and Albuquerque, J.A.S. (2005) Efeito do paclobutrazol em duas épocas de produção da mangueira. Bragantia, 64, 219-225.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0006-87052005000200008 [15] Silva, V.P.R., Campos, J.H.B.C. and Azevedo, P.V. (2009) Water-Use Efficiency and Evapotranspiration of Mango Orchard Grown in Northeastern Region of Brazil. ScientiaHorticulturae, 120, 467-472.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2008.12.005 [16] Carmo, R.L., Ojima, A.L.R.O., Ojima, R. and Nascimento, T.T. (2007) água virtual, escassez e gestão: O Brasil como grande “exportador” de água. Ambiente & Sociedade, 10, 83-96.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1414-753X2007000200006 [17] Allen, R.G., Pereira, L.S., Raes, D. and Smith, M. (1998) Crop Evapotranspiration: Guidelines for Computing Crop Water Requirements. FAO Irrigationand Dranaige Paper No. 56 FAO, Rome, 300 p. [18] Cotrim, C.E., Coelho Filho, M.A., Coelho, E.F., Ramos, M.M. and Cecon, P.R. (2011) Regulated Deficit Irrigation and Tommy Atkins Mango Orchard Productivity under Microsprinkling in Brazilian Semi Arid. EngenhariaAgrícola, 31, 1052-1063.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-69162011000600003 [19] Goodwin, I. and Boland, A.M. (2000) Scheduling Deficit Irrigation of Fruit Trees for Optimizing Water Use Efficiency. Deficit Irrigation Practices, Water Reports No. 22, 67-78, FAO, Roma. [20] Bernardo, S., Soares, A.A. and Mantovani, E.C. (2006) Manual de Irrigação. 8th edition, Editora UFV, Viçosa, 625 p. [21] Castro Neto, M.T. (2003) Efeito do déficit hídrico na transpiração e resistência estomática da mangueira. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, 25, 93-95.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-29452003000100027 [22] Taiz, L. and Zeiger, E. (2009) Fisiologia Vegetal. 4 Edtiion, Artmed, Porto Alegre, 848 p.
[1] IBGE (2014) Banco de Dados Agregados. Sistema IBGE de Recuperação Automática—SIDRA.
http://www.ibge.gov.br [2] Manica, I. (2001) Clima e solo. In: Manica, I., Icuma, I.M., Malavolta, E., Ramos, V.H.V., Oliveitra Junior, M.E., Cunha, M.M. and Junqueira, N.T.V., Eds., Manga: Tecnologia, Produção, Pós-colheita, Agroindústria e Exportação, CincoContinentes, Porto Alegre, 617 p. [3] Lima Neto, F.P., Santos, C.A.F. and Costa, J.G. (2010) Cultivo da mangueira: Cultivares. Embrapa Semiárido Sistemas de Produção, 2 - 2a edição. Versão Eletrônica. [4] Santos, M.R.; Martinez, M.A.; Donato, S.L.R.; Coelho, E.F. (2014) Fruityieldand Root System Distributionof “Tommy Atkins” Mango Underdifferentirrigation Regimes. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 18, 362-369.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1415-43662014000400002 [5] Santos, M. R., Martinez, M.A., Donato, S.L.R. and Coelho, E.F.(2014) Tommy Atkins Mango Yield and Photosynthesis under Hydric Deficit in Semiarid Region of Bahia. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 18, 899-907.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v18n09p899-907 [6] Santos, M.R. and Martinez, M.A. (2013) Soil Water Distribution and Extraction by “Tommy Atkins” Mango (Mangiferaindica L.) Trees under Different Irrigation Regimes. Idesia, 31, 7-16.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-34292013000300002 [7] Santos, M.R., Martinez, M.A. and Donato, S.L.R. (2013) Gas exchanges of “Tommy Atkins” Mango Trees under Different Irrigation Treatments. Bioscience Journal, 29, 1141-1153. [8] Sampaio, A.H.R., Coelho Filho, M.A., Coelho, E.F., Daniel, R., Oliveira, V.V.M., Carvalho, G.C. and Santana Junior, E.B. (2010) Déficit hídrico e secamento parcial do sistema radicular em pomar de lima ácida. Pesquisa agropecuária Brasileira, 45, 1141-1148.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X2010001000013 [9] Kang, S.Z. and Zhang, J. (2004) Controlled Alternate Partial Root-Zone Irrigation: Its Physiological Consequences and Impact on Water Use Efficiency. Journalof Experimental Botany, 10, 1-10.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erh249 [10] Mccarthy, M.G. (2000) Regulated Deficit Irrigation and Partial Rootzone Drying as Irrigation Management Techniques for Grapevines. Deficit Irrigation Practices, Water Reports No. 22, 79-87, FAO, Roma. [11] Sant’Ana, J.A.V., Coelho Filho, M.A., Coelho, E.F., Cunha Alves, A.A., Oliveira, V.V.M. and Velame, L.M. (2009) Manejo de irrigação com déficit (PRD) em pomar de manga “Kent” no semi-árido baiano. 3a Jornada Científica. Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical, Resumos. Cruz das Almas, 17 a 20 de Agosto de 2009. [12] Spreer, W., Nagle, M., Neidhart, S., Carle, R., Ongprasert, S. and Muller, J. (2007) Effect of Regulated Deficit Irrigation and Partial Rootzone Drying on the Quality of Mango Fruits (MangiferaindicaL., cv. “Chok Anan”). Agricultural Water Management, 88, 173-180.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2006.10.012 [13] Spreer, W., Ongprasert, S., Hegele, M., Wunsche, J.N. and Muller, J. (2009) Yield and Fruit Development in Mango (MangiferaindicaL. cv. Chok Anan) under Different Irrigation Regimes. Agricultural Water Management, 96, 574-584.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2008.09.020 [14] Mouco, M.A.C. and Albuquerque, J.A.S. (2005) Efeito do paclobutrazol em duas épocas de produção da mangueira. Bragantia, 64, 219-225.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0006-87052005000200008 [15] Silva, V.P.R., Campos, J.H.B.C. and Azevedo, P.V. (2009) Water-Use Efficiency and Evapotranspiration of Mango Orchard Grown in Northeastern Region of Brazil. ScientiaHorticulturae, 120, 467-472.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2008.12.005 [16] Carmo, R.L., Ojima, A.L.R.O., Ojima, R. and Nascimento, T.T. (2007) água virtual, escassez e gestão: O Brasil como grande “exportador” de água. Ambiente & Sociedade, 10, 83-96.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1414-753X2007000200006 [17] Allen, R.G., Pereira, L.S., Raes, D. and Smith, M. (1998) Crop Evapotranspiration: Guidelines for Computing Crop Water Requirements. FAO Irrigationand Dranaige Paper No. 56 FAO, Rome, 300 p. [18] Cotrim, C.E., Coelho Filho, M.A., Coelho, E.F., Ramos, M.M. and Cecon, P.R. (2011) Regulated Deficit Irrigation and Tommy Atkins Mango Orchard Productivity under Microsprinkling in Brazilian Semi Arid. EngenhariaAgrícola, 31, 1052-1063.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-69162011000600003 [19] Goodwin, I. and Boland, A.M. (2000) Scheduling Deficit Irrigation of Fruit Trees for Optimizing Water Use Efficiency. Deficit Irrigation Practices, Water Reports No. 22, 67-78, FAO, Roma. [20] Bernardo, S., Soares, A.A. and Mantovani, E.C. (2006) Manual de Irrigação. 8th edition, Editora UFV, Viçosa, 625 p. [21] Castro Neto, M.T. (2003) Efeito do déficit hídrico na transpiração e resistência estomática da mangueira. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, 25, 93-95.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-29452003000100027 [22] Taiz, L. and Zeiger, E. (2009) Fisiologia Vegetal. 4 Edtiion, Artmed, Porto Alegre, 848 p.