Dynamics of the Vacuum and Casimir Analogs to the Hydrogen Atom
Author(s)
Harold White*,
Jerry Vera,
Paul Bailey,
Paul March,
Tim Lawrence,
Andre Sylvester,
David Brady
ABSTRACT
This paper will discuss the current viewpoint of the vacuum state and explore the idea of a “natural” vacuum as opposed to immutable, non-degradable vacuum. This concept will be explored for all primary quantum numbers to show consistency with observation at the level of Bohr theory. A comparison with the Casimir force per unit area will be made, and an explicit function for the spatial variation of the vacuum density around the atomic nucleus will be derived. This explicit function will be numerically modeled using the industry multi-physics tool, COMSOL, and the eigenfrequencies for the n = 1 to n = 7 states will be found and compared to expectation.
This paper will discuss the current viewpoint of the vacuum state and explore the idea of a “natural” vacuum as opposed to immutable, non-degradable vacuum. This concept will be explored for all primary quantum numbers to show consistency with observation at the level of Bohr theory. A comparison with the Casimir force per unit area will be made, and an explicit function for the spatial variation of the vacuum density around the atomic nucleus will be derived. This explicit function will be numerically modeled using the industry multi-physics tool, COMSOL, and the eigenfrequencies for the n = 1 to n = 7 states will be found and compared to expectation.
Cite this paper
White, H. , Vera, J. , Bailey, P. , March, P. , Lawrence, T. , Sylvester, A. and Brady, D. (2015) Dynamics of the Vacuum and Casimir Analogs to the Hydrogen Atom. Journal of Modern Physics, 6, 1308-1320. doi: 10.4236/jmp.2015.69136.
White, H. , Vera, J. , Bailey, P. , March, P. , Lawrence, T. , Sylvester, A. and Brady, D. (2015) Dynamics of the Vacuum and Casimir Analogs to the Hydrogen Atom. Journal of Modern Physics, 6, 1308-1320. doi: 10.4236/jmp.2015.69136.
References
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http://www.orbitals.com/orb/ov.htm [16] Chen, F. (1984) Introduction to Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Volume 1: Plasma Physics. Plenum Press, New York, 98. [17] Urban, M., Couchot, F., Sarazin, X. and Djannati-Atai, A. (2013) The European Physical Journal D, 67, 58.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2013-30578-7 [18] Russell, D.A. (2010) American Journal of Physics, 78, 549.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.85.166 [21] Nelson, E. (1966) Physical Review, 150, 1079-1085.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.150.1079 [22] Boyer, T.H. (1975) Physical Review D, 11, 790-808.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.11.790 [23] Hall, M.J.W., Deckert, D.A. and Wiseman, H.M. (2014) Physical Review X, 4, Article ID: 041013.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.4.041013
[1] Casimir, H.B.G. (1948) Proceedings of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, 51, 793. [2] Lamoreaux, S.K. (1997) Physical Review Letters, 78, 5.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.5 [3] Milonni, P.W. (1994) The Quantum Vacuum: An Introduction to Quantum Electrodynamics. Academic Press, San Diego. [4] Milonni, P.W., Cook, R.J. and Goggin, M.E. (1988) Physical Review A, 38, 1621.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.38.1621 [5] Milton, K.A. (1999) The Casimir Effect: Physical Manifestations of Zero Point Energy. Invited Lectures, 17th Symposium on Theoretical Physics, Seoul National University, Korea, 29 June-1 July 1998. arXiv:hep-th/9901011 [hep-th] [6] Mohideen, U. and Roy, A. (1998) Physical Review Letters, 81, 4549.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.4549 [7] Klimchitskaya, G.L., Roy, A., Mohideen, U. and Mostepanenko, V.M. (1999) Physical Review A, 60, 3487.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.60.3487 [8] Bressi, G., Carugno, G., Onofrio, R. and Ruoso, G. (2002) Physical Review Letters, 88, Article ID: 041804.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.041804 [9] Chen, F., Mohideen, U., Klimchitskaya, G.L. and Mostepanenko, V.M. (2002) Physical Review Letters, 88, Article ID: 101801.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.101801 [10] Chen, F., Klimchitskaya, G.L., Mohideen, U. and Mostepanenko, V.M. (2004) Physical Review A, 69, Article ID: 022117.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.69.022117 [11] Schrödinger, E. (1926) Physical Review, 28, 1049-1070.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.28.1049 [12] Peacock, J.A. (1998) Cosmological Physics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 37, 325. [13] Puthoff, H.E. (1987) Physical Review D, 35, 3266-3299.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.35.3266 [14] N.I. of Standards and Technology (2012) Codata Internationally Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants. http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/ [15] Manthey, D. (2001) Orbital Viewer.
http://www.orbitals.com/orb/ov.htm [16] Chen, F. (1984) Introduction to Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Volume 1: Plasma Physics. Plenum Press, New York, 98. [17] Urban, M., Couchot, F., Sarazin, X. and Djannati-Atai, A. (2013) The European Physical Journal D, 67, 58.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2013-30578-7 [18] Russell, D.A. (2010) American Journal of Physics, 78, 549.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.3290176 [19] Cramer, J.G. (1986) Reviews of Modern Physics, 58, 647-687.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.58.647 [20] Bohm, D. (1952) Physical Review, 85, 166-179.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.85.166 [21] Nelson, E. (1966) Physical Review, 150, 1079-1085.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.150.1079 [22] Boyer, T.H. (1975) Physical Review D, 11, 790-808.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.11.790 [23] Hall, M.J.W., Deckert, D.A. and Wiseman, H.M. (2014) Physical Review X, 4, Article ID: 041013.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.4.041013