Effect of Polysaccharide Species on Storage Stability of Alginate Capsules Containing α-Tocopherol
ABSTRACT
Alginate capsules containing α-tocopherol were prepared adding polysaccharide species such as κ-carrageenan, gellan gum, pectin, curdlan and ghatti gum. The effects of polysaccharide species and the diameters of α-tocopherol on storage stability of the capsules were investigated and characterized in detail. As the contact angle of α-tocopherol to the capsule shell strongly affected storage stability, the contact angle was measured on the model sheet made of calcium alginate with polysaccharide species. The leakage ratio decreased with the contact angle and increased with the diameter of α-tocopherol. The capsules made of calcium alginate with gellan gum showed the largest contact angle and the highest storage stability. The capsules made of calcium alginate with curdlan, ghatti gum and pectin were harder than other capsules and showed higher storage stability. All the capsules showed the almost similar swelling ratio in the acidic solution with pH 4, but showed the different swelling ratios according to the polysaccharide species in the alkali solution with pH 9. The tablets were prepared with the wet and the dried capsules. The tablets prepared with the dried capsules showed higher storage stability.
Alginate capsules containing α-tocopherol were prepared adding polysaccharide species such as κ-carrageenan, gellan gum, pectin, curdlan and ghatti gum. The effects of polysaccharide species and the diameters of α-tocopherol on storage stability of the capsules were investigated and characterized in detail. As the contact angle of α-tocopherol to the capsule shell strongly affected storage stability, the contact angle was measured on the model sheet made of calcium alginate with polysaccharide species. The leakage ratio decreased with the contact angle and increased with the diameter of α-tocopherol. The capsules made of calcium alginate with gellan gum showed the largest contact angle and the highest storage stability. The capsules made of calcium alginate with curdlan, ghatti gum and pectin were harder than other capsules and showed higher storage stability. All the capsules showed the almost similar swelling ratio in the acidic solution with pH 4, but showed the different swelling ratios according to the polysaccharide species in the alkali solution with pH 9. The tablets were prepared with the wet and the dried capsules. The tablets prepared with the dried capsules showed higher storage stability.
KEYWORDS
Calcium Alginate Capsules, α-Tocopherol, Gelling in Liquid Method, Polysaccharides, Storage Stability, pH-Responsible Capsules
Calcium Alginate Capsules, α-Tocopherol, Gelling in Liquid Method, Polysaccharides, Storage Stability, pH-Responsible Capsules
Cite this paper
Sato, Y. , Taguchi, Y. and Tanaka, M. (2015) Effect of Polysaccharide Species on Storage Stability of Alginate Capsules Containing α-Tocopherol. Journal of Encapsulation and Adsorption Sciences, 5, 111-120. doi: 10.4236/jeas.2015.53009.
Sato, Y. , Taguchi, Y. and Tanaka, M. (2015) Effect of Polysaccharide Species on Storage Stability of Alginate Capsules Containing α-Tocopherol. Journal of Encapsulation and Adsorption Sciences, 5, 111-120. doi: 10.4236/jeas.2015.53009.
References
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2005.12.013 [6] Song, Y.B., Lee, J.S. and Lee, H.G. (2007) α-Tocopherol-Leaded Ca-Pectinate Microcapsules. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 73, 394-398.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.06.014 [7] Dou, H., Tang, M. and Sun, K. (2005) A Facile One-Pot Synthesis to Dextran-Based Nanoparticles with Carboxy Functional Groups. Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, 206, 2177-2181.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00396-007-1655-3 [11] Cha, D.S., Choi, J.H., Chinnan, M.S. and Park, H.J. (2002) Antimicrobial Films Based on Na-Alginate and κ-Carrageenan. LWT-Food Science and Technologie, 35, 715-719.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/fstl.2002.0928 [12] Denkbas, E.B., Ozdemyr, N., Oztürk, E., Eroglu, M. and Acar, A. (2004) Mitomycin-C-Loaded Alginate Carriers for Bladder Cancer Chemotherapy. Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers: Biomedical Applications, 19, 33-34.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883911504041607 [13] Tari, O. and Pekcan, O. (2004) A Percolation Approach for Investigating the Sol-Gel Phase Transition of κ-Carrageenan: A Steady-State Fluorescence Study. Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers: Biomedical Applications, 19, 491-509.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883911504048328 [14] Ramesh Babu, V., Krishna Rao, K.S.V., Sairam, M., Vijaya Kumar Naidu, B., Hosamani Kallappa, M. and Aminabhavi Tejraj, M. (2006) pH Sensitive Interpenetrating Network Microgels of Sodium Alginate-Acrylic Acid for the Controlled Release of Ibuprofen. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 99, 2671-2678.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.22760 [15] Lee, D.W., Hwang, S.J., Park, J.B. and Park, H.J. (2003) Preparation and Release Characteristics of Polymer-Coated and Blended Alginate Microspheres. Journal of Microencapsulation, 20, 179-192.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02652040309178060 [16] Bajpai, S.K. and Sharma, S. (2004) Investigation of Swelling/Degradation Behaviour of Alginate Beads Crosslinked with Ca2+ and Ba2+ Ions. Reactive & Functional Polymers, 59, 129-140.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2004.01.002 [17] Morita, R., Saito, N., Taguchi, Y. and Tanaka, M. (2015) Preparation of Microcapsules Containing Phase Change Material and Silicon Carbide Powder with Interfacial Polycondensation Reaction Method. Materials Sciences and Applications, 6, 251-262.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/msa.2015.63030 [18] Koyama, Y., Saito, N., Fuchigami, K., Taguchi, Y. and Tanaka, M. (2015) Microencapsulation of Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate to Generate Carbon Dioxide with Thermal Responsible Shell Material. Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications, 5, 36-44.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jcdsa.2015.51005 [19] Oshima, E. and Tanaka, M. (1982) Coalescence and Break up of Droplets in Suspension Polymerization of Styrene. Kagaku Kogakuronbunshu, 8, 86-90.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1252/kakoronbunshu.8.86
[1] Kondo, T. and Tanaka, M. (1975) Microcapsules (Preparation, Properties, Application). Sankyo Shuppan, Tokyo. [2] Kondo, T. (1967) Saishin Maikurokapseruka Gijutsu (Microencapsulation Technique). TES, Tokyo. [3] Tanaka, M. (2008) Key Point of Preparation of Nano/Microcapsules. Techno System Publishing Co. Ltd., Tokyo. [4] Koishi, M., Eto, K. and Higure, H. (2005) (Preparation + Utilization) Microcapsules. Kogyo Chosakai, Tokyo. [5] Yoo, S.H., Song, Y.B., Chang, P.S. and Lee, H.G. (2006) Microencapsulation of α-Tocopherol Using Sodium Alginate and Its Controlled Release Properties. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 38, 25-30.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2005.12.013 [6] Song, Y.B., Lee, J.S. and Lee, H.G. (2007) α-Tocopherol-Leaded Ca-Pectinate Microcapsules. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 73, 394-398.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.06.014 [7] Dou, H., Tang, M. and Sun, K. (2005) A Facile One-Pot Synthesis to Dextran-Based Nanoparticles with Carboxy Functional Groups. Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, 206, 2177-2181.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.200500326 [8] Ma, J., Xu, Y., Fan, B. and Liang, B. (2007) Preparation and Characterization of Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose/ Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide)/Clay Semi-IPN Nanocomposite Hydrogels. European Polymer Journal, 43, 2221-2228.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.02.026 [9] Dou, H., Tang, M., Yang, W. and Sun, K. (2007) One-Pot Synthesis, Characterization, and Drug Loading of Polysaccharide-Based Nanoparticles with Carboxy Functional Groups. Colloid Polymer Science, 285, 1043-1047.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00396-007-1657-1 [10] Dulong, V., Mocanu, G. and Cerf, D.L. (2007) A Novel Amphiphilic pH-Sensitive Hydrogel Based on Pullulan. Colloid Polymer Science, 285, 1085-1091.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00396-007-1655-3 [11] Cha, D.S., Choi, J.H., Chinnan, M.S. and Park, H.J. (2002) Antimicrobial Films Based on Na-Alginate and κ-Carrageenan. LWT-Food Science and Technologie, 35, 715-719.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/fstl.2002.0928 [12] Denkbas, E.B., Ozdemyr, N., Oztürk, E., Eroglu, M. and Acar, A. (2004) Mitomycin-C-Loaded Alginate Carriers for Bladder Cancer Chemotherapy. Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers: Biomedical Applications, 19, 33-34.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883911504041607 [13] Tari, O. and Pekcan, O. (2004) A Percolation Approach for Investigating the Sol-Gel Phase Transition of κ-Carrageenan: A Steady-State Fluorescence Study. Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers: Biomedical Applications, 19, 491-509.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883911504048328 [14] Ramesh Babu, V., Krishna Rao, K.S.V., Sairam, M., Vijaya Kumar Naidu, B., Hosamani Kallappa, M. and Aminabhavi Tejraj, M. (2006) pH Sensitive Interpenetrating Network Microgels of Sodium Alginate-Acrylic Acid for the Controlled Release of Ibuprofen. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 99, 2671-2678.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.22760 [15] Lee, D.W., Hwang, S.J., Park, J.B. and Park, H.J. (2003) Preparation and Release Characteristics of Polymer-Coated and Blended Alginate Microspheres. Journal of Microencapsulation, 20, 179-192.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02652040309178060 [16] Bajpai, S.K. and Sharma, S. (2004) Investigation of Swelling/Degradation Behaviour of Alginate Beads Crosslinked with Ca2+ and Ba2+ Ions. Reactive & Functional Polymers, 59, 129-140.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2004.01.002 [17] Morita, R., Saito, N., Taguchi, Y. and Tanaka, M. (2015) Preparation of Microcapsules Containing Phase Change Material and Silicon Carbide Powder with Interfacial Polycondensation Reaction Method. Materials Sciences and Applications, 6, 251-262.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/msa.2015.63030 [18] Koyama, Y., Saito, N., Fuchigami, K., Taguchi, Y. and Tanaka, M. (2015) Microencapsulation of Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate to Generate Carbon Dioxide with Thermal Responsible Shell Material. Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications, 5, 36-44.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jcdsa.2015.51005 [19] Oshima, E. and Tanaka, M. (1982) Coalescence and Break up of Droplets in Suspension Polymerization of Styrene. Kagaku Kogakuronbunshu, 8, 86-90.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1252/kakoronbunshu.8.86