Effect of High-Energy Ball Milling on the Magnetic Properties of NiZn Ferrite Ceramics Synthesized by Spark Plasma Sintering
Affiliation(s)
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China.
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China.
ABSTRACT
High-density fine-grained Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 ferrite ceramics were synthesized by spark plasma sintering (SPS) in conjunction with high energy ball milling. The precursor powders were milled for 20 h, 40 h, and 60 h, respectively, and the milled powders were all sintered for 5 min at 900°C. All the samples exhibit a single spinel phase. With increasing of the ball milling time, the relative density of the samples increases (up to 97.7%), however, the grain size decreases (down to ~200 nm). At room temperature, the sample from the 40 h-milled powder has the best combination of saturation magnetization and coercivity (83 emu/g and 15 Oe). These outstanding magnetic properties may be associated with high density and uniform microstructure created by SPS on the basis of fine precursor powders produced by high-energy ball milling.
High-density fine-grained Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 ferrite ceramics were synthesized by spark plasma sintering (SPS) in conjunction with high energy ball milling. The precursor powders were milled for 20 h, 40 h, and 60 h, respectively, and the milled powders were all sintered for 5 min at 900°C. All the samples exhibit a single spinel phase. With increasing of the ball milling time, the relative density of the samples increases (up to 97.7%), however, the grain size decreases (down to ~200 nm). At room temperature, the sample from the 40 h-milled powder has the best combination of saturation magnetization and coercivity (83 emu/g and 15 Oe). These outstanding magnetic properties may be associated with high density and uniform microstructure created by SPS on the basis of fine precursor powders produced by high-energy ball milling.
Cite this paper
Gao, S. , Song, S. and Song, Q. (2015) Effect of High-Energy Ball Milling on the Magnetic Properties of NiZn Ferrite Ceramics Synthesized by Spark Plasma Sintering. Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, 3, 50-55. doi: 10.4236/msce.2015.38008.
Gao, S. , Song, S. and Song, Q. (2015) Effect of High-Energy Ball Milling on the Magnetic Properties of NiZn Ferrite Ceramics Synthesized by Spark Plasma Sintering. Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, 3, 50-55. doi: 10.4236/msce.2015.38008.
References
[1] Kseolu, Y. (2015) Structural and Magnetic Properties of Cr Doped NiZn-Ferrite Nanoparticles Prepared by Surfactant Assisted Hydrothermal Technique. Ceramics International, 41, 6417-6423.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2015.01.079 [2] Costa, A.C.F.M., Tortella, E., Morelli, M.R. and Kiminami, R.H.G.A. (2003) Synthesis, Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Ni-Zn Ferrites. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 256, 174-182.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-8853(02)00449-3 [3] Omori, M. (2000) Sintering, Consolidation, Reaction and Crystal Growth by the Spark Plasma System (SPS). Materials Science and Engineering: A, 287, 183-188.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(00)00773-5 [4] Wu, Y.J., Kimura, R., Uekawa, N., Kakegawa, K. and Sasaki, Y. (2002) Spark Plasma Sintering of Transparent PbZrO3-PbTiO3-Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 Ceramics. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 41, L211-L219.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.41.L219 [5] Hungra, T., Galy, J. and Castro, A. (2009) Spark Plasma Sintering as a Useful Technique to the Nanostructuration of Piezo-Ferroelectric Materials. Advanced Engineering Materials, 11, 615-631.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adem.200900052 [6] Mudinepalli, V.R., Song, S.H., Li, J.Q. and Murty, B.S. (2013) A Comparative Study of Structural and Electrical Properties of Ba0.8Pb0.2TiO3 Nanocrystalline Ceramics Prepared by Microwave and Spark Plasma Sintering. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 142, 686-691.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2013.08.023 [7] Gusev, A.I. (2007) Nanomaterials, Nanostructures, and Nanotechnologies. Fizmatlit, Moscow. [8] Cullity, B.D. and Graham, C.D. (2007) Introduction to Magnetic Materials. Wiley-Blackwell, Chicester. [9] Valenzuela, R., Beji, Z., Herbst, F. and Ammar, S. (2011) Ferromagnetic Resonance Behavior of Spark Plasma Sintered Ni-Zn Ferrite Nanoparticles Produced by a Chemical Route. Journal of Applied Physics, 109, Article ID: 07A329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3565397 [10] Tsay, C.Y., Liu, K.S., Lin, T.F. and Lin, I.N. (2000) Microwave Sintering of NiCuZn Ferrites and Multilayer Chip Inductors. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 209, 189-192.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-8853(99)00684-8 [11] Sláma, J., Uák, E., Dosoudil, R., Grusková, A., Uáková, M. and árik, V.J. (2006) The Influence of Partical Size and Substituent Contents on the Magnetic Properties of Be or Cu Substituted NiZn Ferrites. Advanced Electronic and Electrical Engineering, 5, 362-364. [12] Dai, J.F., Fu, B. and Zhang, X.L. (2013) Aligned Ferrite Nanofibers Fabricated by Electrospinning. Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities, 34, 514-519. [13] Fan, H.B., Chen, Q.J., Sun, J.F. and Sun, J. (2004) Status Quo of Research on Bulk Nanocrystalline Soft Magnetic Materials. Powder Metallurgy Technology, 22, 241-245. [14] Dai, J.F., Gao, H.F., Wang, J.H. and Fu, B. (2012) Preparation and Magnetic Properties of La-Co Co-Doped m-Type Strontium Ferrite Nanofibres. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 28, 729-732. [15] Narayanasamy, A. and Sivakumar, N. (2008) Influence of Mechanical Milling and Thermal Annealing on Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Nanostructured Ni-Zn and Cobalt Ferrites. Bulletin of Materials Science, 31, 373-380.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12034-008-0058-5
[1] Kseolu, Y. (2015) Structural and Magnetic Properties of Cr Doped NiZn-Ferrite Nanoparticles Prepared by Surfactant Assisted Hydrothermal Technique. Ceramics International, 41, 6417-6423.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2015.01.079 [2] Costa, A.C.F.M., Tortella, E., Morelli, M.R. and Kiminami, R.H.G.A. (2003) Synthesis, Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Ni-Zn Ferrites. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 256, 174-182.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-8853(02)00449-3 [3] Omori, M. (2000) Sintering, Consolidation, Reaction and Crystal Growth by the Spark Plasma System (SPS). Materials Science and Engineering: A, 287, 183-188.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(00)00773-5 [4] Wu, Y.J., Kimura, R., Uekawa, N., Kakegawa, K. and Sasaki, Y. (2002) Spark Plasma Sintering of Transparent PbZrO3-PbTiO3-Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 Ceramics. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 41, L211-L219.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.41.L219 [5] Hungra, T., Galy, J. and Castro, A. (2009) Spark Plasma Sintering as a Useful Technique to the Nanostructuration of Piezo-Ferroelectric Materials. Advanced Engineering Materials, 11, 615-631.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adem.200900052 [6] Mudinepalli, V.R., Song, S.H., Li, J.Q. and Murty, B.S. (2013) A Comparative Study of Structural and Electrical Properties of Ba0.8Pb0.2TiO3 Nanocrystalline Ceramics Prepared by Microwave and Spark Plasma Sintering. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 142, 686-691.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2013.08.023 [7] Gusev, A.I. (2007) Nanomaterials, Nanostructures, and Nanotechnologies. Fizmatlit, Moscow. [8] Cullity, B.D. and Graham, C.D. (2007) Introduction to Magnetic Materials. Wiley-Blackwell, Chicester. [9] Valenzuela, R., Beji, Z., Herbst, F. and Ammar, S. (2011) Ferromagnetic Resonance Behavior of Spark Plasma Sintered Ni-Zn Ferrite Nanoparticles Produced by a Chemical Route. Journal of Applied Physics, 109, Article ID: 07A329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3565397 [10] Tsay, C.Y., Liu, K.S., Lin, T.F. and Lin, I.N. (2000) Microwave Sintering of NiCuZn Ferrites and Multilayer Chip Inductors. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 209, 189-192.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-8853(99)00684-8 [11] Sláma, J., Uák, E., Dosoudil, R., Grusková, A., Uáková, M. and árik, V.J. (2006) The Influence of Partical Size and Substituent Contents on the Magnetic Properties of Be or Cu Substituted NiZn Ferrites. Advanced Electronic and Electrical Engineering, 5, 362-364. [12] Dai, J.F., Fu, B. and Zhang, X.L. (2013) Aligned Ferrite Nanofibers Fabricated by Electrospinning. Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities, 34, 514-519. [13] Fan, H.B., Chen, Q.J., Sun, J.F. and Sun, J. (2004) Status Quo of Research on Bulk Nanocrystalline Soft Magnetic Materials. Powder Metallurgy Technology, 22, 241-245. [14] Dai, J.F., Gao, H.F., Wang, J.H. and Fu, B. (2012) Preparation and Magnetic Properties of La-Co Co-Doped m-Type Strontium Ferrite Nanofibres. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 28, 729-732. [15] Narayanasamy, A. and Sivakumar, N. (2008) Influence of Mechanical Milling and Thermal Annealing on Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Nanostructured Ni-Zn and Cobalt Ferrites. Bulletin of Materials Science, 31, 373-380.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12034-008-0058-5