General Derivation of Mass-Energy Relation without Electrodynamics or Einstein’s Postulates
Author(s)
Mario Rabinowitz
ABSTRACT
The mass-energy equation
is derived in general from Newton’s equation of motion without use of electrodynamics, or Einstein’s Postulates which were presented in his superb 1905 paper on Special Relativity (SR). This was previously not thought to be possible. This novel derivation of an accelerated body of rest mass m0 is compared with the traditional SR inertial derivation. A discussion is given of pre-1905, electrostatic and electrodynamic derivations of the mass-energy relation yielding 
, as well as more recent ones. A concise pre-relativity history of the mass-energy relation is traced back to Newton in 1717.
The mass-energy equation
is derived in general from Newton’s equation of motion without use of electrodynamics, or Einstein’s Postulates which were presented in his superb 1905 paper on Special Relativity (SR). This was previously not thought to be possible. This novel derivation of an accelerated body of rest mass m0 is compared with the traditional SR inertial derivation. A discussion is given of pre-1905, electrostatic and electrodynamic derivations of the mass-energy relation yielding , as well as more recent ones. A concise pre-relativity history of the mass-energy relation is traced back to Newton in 1717.
KEYWORDS
Mass-Energy Relation, Mass Variation, Inertia, Einstein, Newton, Special Relativity, Mass-Energy Origin, Mass-Energy History
Mass-Energy Relation, Mass Variation, Inertia, Einstein, Newton, Special Relativity, Mass-Energy Origin, Mass-Energy History
Cite this paper
Rabinowitz, M. (2015) General Derivation of Mass-Energy Relation without Electrodynamics or Einstein’s Postulates. Journal of Modern Physics, 6, 1243-1248. doi: 10.4236/jmp.2015.69129.
Rabinowitz, M. (2015) General Derivation of Mass-Energy Relation without Electrodynamics or Einstein’s Postulates. Journal of Modern Physics, 6, 1243-1248. doi: 10.4236/jmp.2015.69129.
References
[1] Newton, I. (1687) Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica [Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy] Vol. 1. The Motion of Bodies. Motte, A., Trans., University of California Press, Berkeley. [2] Poynting, J.H. (1884) Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 175, 343-361.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstl.1884.0016 [3] Einstein, A. (1905) Annalen der Physik, 17, 891-921.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/andp.19053221004 [4] Lorentz, H.A. (1892) Archives néerlandaises des sciences exactes et naturelles, 25, 363-552. [5] Abraham, M. (1903) Annalen der Physik, 315, 105-179.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/andp.19023150105 [6] Hasenöhrl, F. (1904) Wiener Sitzungsberichte, 113, 1039-1055. [7] Hasenöhrl, F. (1904) Annalender Physik, 320, 344-370.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/andp.19043201206 [8] Hasenöhrl, F. (1905) Annalen der Physik, 321, 589-592.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/andp.19053210312 [9] Rabinowitz, M. (2014) Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics, 8, 689-700.
http://arxiv.org/abs/1502.04989
http://dx.doi.org/10.12988/astp.2014.4675 [10] Hajra, S. (2012) Journal of Modern Physics, 3, 187-199.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jmp.2012.32026 [11] Rabinowitz, M. (2014) Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics, 8, 1165-1176.
http://dx.doi.org/10.12988/astp.2014.411142 [12] Page, L. (1947) Introduction to Theoretical Physics. D. Van Nostrand, New York. [13] Panofsky, W.K.H. and Phillips, M. (1955) Classical Electricity and Magnetism. Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., Reading, Mass. [14] Newton, I. (1717) Opticks, or, a Treatise of the Reflections, Refractions, Inflections and Colours of Light, Query 30.
[1] Newton, I. (1687) Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica [Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy] Vol. 1. The Motion of Bodies. Motte, A., Trans., University of California Press, Berkeley. [2] Poynting, J.H. (1884) Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 175, 343-361.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstl.1884.0016 [3] Einstein, A. (1905) Annalen der Physik, 17, 891-921.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/andp.19053221004 [4] Lorentz, H.A. (1892) Archives néerlandaises des sciences exactes et naturelles, 25, 363-552. [5] Abraham, M. (1903) Annalen der Physik, 315, 105-179.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/andp.19023150105 [6] Hasenöhrl, F. (1904) Wiener Sitzungsberichte, 113, 1039-1055. [7] Hasenöhrl, F. (1904) Annalender Physik, 320, 344-370.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/andp.19043201206 [8] Hasenöhrl, F. (1905) Annalen der Physik, 321, 589-592.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/andp.19053210312 [9] Rabinowitz, M. (2014) Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics, 8, 689-700.
http://arxiv.org/abs/1502.04989
http://dx.doi.org/10.12988/astp.2014.4675 [10] Hajra, S. (2012) Journal of Modern Physics, 3, 187-199.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jmp.2012.32026 [11] Rabinowitz, M. (2014) Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics, 8, 1165-1176.
http://dx.doi.org/10.12988/astp.2014.411142 [12] Page, L. (1947) Introduction to Theoretical Physics. D. Van Nostrand, New York. [13] Panofsky, W.K.H. and Phillips, M. (1955) Classical Electricity and Magnetism. Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., Reading, Mass. [14] Newton, I. (1717) Opticks, or, a Treatise of the Reflections, Refractions, Inflections and Colours of Light, Query 30.