Fuzzy Controller for Dual Sensors Cardiac Pacemaker System in Patients with Bradycardias at Rest
Affiliation(s)
1 Electrical Engineering Department, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine. 2 Electrical Engineer, Biomedical Equipment Co., Gaza, Palestine.
1 Electrical Engineering Department, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine. 2 Electrical Engineer, Biomedical Equipment Co., Gaza, Palestine.
ABSTRACT
Cardiovascular disease is defined as a heart rate that is less than 60 bpm. Implantable cardiac devices such as pacemakers are widely used nowadays. In this paper, design and implementation of the heart model can be controlled to be the heart of a patient suffering from a decrease in heart rate (Bradycardia). A system is designed to sense and calculate the heart rate per minute and it is considered as an input to the controller. The design and implementation of Mamdani fuzzy controller to generate electric pulses that mimic the natural pacing system of the heart maintains an adequate heart rate by delivering controlled, rhythmic electrical stimuli to the chambers of the patient heart. The proposed controller is tested by using Matlab/Simulink program.
Cardiovascular disease is defined as a heart rate that is less than 60 bpm. Implantable cardiac devices such as pacemakers are widely used nowadays. In this paper, design and implementation of the heart model can be controlled to be the heart of a patient suffering from a decrease in heart rate (Bradycardia). A system is designed to sense and calculate the heart rate per minute and it is considered as an input to the controller. The design and implementation of Mamdani fuzzy controller to generate electric pulses that mimic the natural pacing system of the heart maintains an adequate heart rate by delivering controlled, rhythmic electrical stimuli to the chambers of the patient heart. The proposed controller is tested by using Matlab/Simulink program.
Cite this paper
Hamed, B. and Ras, A. (2015) Fuzzy Controller for Dual Sensors Cardiac Pacemaker System in Patients with Bradycardias at Rest. Intelligent Control and Automation, 6, 159-167. doi: 10.4236/ica.2015.63016.
Hamed, B. and Ras, A. (2015) Fuzzy Controller for Dual Sensors Cardiac Pacemaker System in Patients with Bradycardias at Rest. Intelligent Control and Automation, 6, 159-167. doi: 10.4236/ica.2015.63016.
References
[1] Shi, W.V. and Zhou, M.C. (2011) Design Fuzzy PID Controllers for Dual-Sensor Pacing Systems in Patients with Bradycardias at Rest. IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC), Anchorage, 9-12 October 2011, 1117-1122. [2] Shi, W.V. and Zhou, M.C. (2012) Body Sensors Applied in Pacemakers: A Survey. IEEE Sensors Journal, 12, 1817-1827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2011.2177256 [3] Zhou, X.L., Zhu, X., Wang, H. and Wei, D.M. (2010) Measurement of QT Interval Prolongation, a Comparative Evaluation of Six Algorithms Using Simulated Electrocardiograms. 2010 IEEE Region 10 Conference TENCON 2010, Fukuoka, 21-24 November 2010, 2077-2082. [4] Haddad, S.A.P., Houben, R.P.M. and Serdijin, W.A. (2006) The Evolution of Pacemakers. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, 25, 38-48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MEMB.2006.1636350 [5] Ferro, A., Duilio, C., Santomauro, M. and Cuocolo, A. (2003) Walk Test at Increased Levels of Heart Rate in Patients with Dual-Chamber Pacemaker and with Normal or Depressed Left Ventricular Function. European Heart Journal, 24, 2123-2132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ehj.2003.09.007 [6] Jaworski, Z., Kuzmicz, W., Sadowski, M., Sama, D., Walkanis, A. Wielgus, A. and Wojtasik, A. (2000) VLSI Implementations of Fuzzy Logic Controllers for Rate-Adaptive Pacemakers. 1st Annual International Conference on Microtechnologies in Medicine and Biology, Lyon, 2000, 475-478. [7] Bronzino, J.D. (2000) The Biomedical Engineering Handbook, Volume I. 2nd Edition, CRC Press, Boca Raton. [8] Guyton, A.C. and Hall, J.E. (2006) Text Book of Medical Physiology. 11th Edition, Elsevier Saunders, Philadelphia, QP34.5.G9. [9] Whittington, R.H., Giovangrandi, L. and Kovacs, G.T.A. (2005) A Closed Loop Electrical Stimulation System for Cardiac Cell Cultures. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 52, 1261-1270.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2005.847539 [10] den Haan, A.D., Verkerk, A.O. and Tan, H.L. (2011) Creation of a Biopacemaker: Lessons from the Sinoatrial Node, Modern Pacemakers. In: Das, M.R., Ed., Present and Future, InTech, Morn Hill, Page.
http://www.intechopen.com/books/modern-pacemakers-present-andfuture/creation-of-a-biopacemaker-lessons-from-the-sinoatrial-node [11] Severs, N.J. (2000) The Cardiac Muscle Cell. BioEssays, 22, 188-199.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-1878(200002)22:2<188::AID-BIES10>3.0.CO;2-T
[1] Shi, W.V. and Zhou, M.C. (2011) Design Fuzzy PID Controllers for Dual-Sensor Pacing Systems in Patients with Bradycardias at Rest. IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC), Anchorage, 9-12 October 2011, 1117-1122. [2] Shi, W.V. and Zhou, M.C. (2012) Body Sensors Applied in Pacemakers: A Survey. IEEE Sensors Journal, 12, 1817-1827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2011.2177256 [3] Zhou, X.L., Zhu, X., Wang, H. and Wei, D.M. (2010) Measurement of QT Interval Prolongation, a Comparative Evaluation of Six Algorithms Using Simulated Electrocardiograms. 2010 IEEE Region 10 Conference TENCON 2010, Fukuoka, 21-24 November 2010, 2077-2082. [4] Haddad, S.A.P., Houben, R.P.M. and Serdijin, W.A. (2006) The Evolution of Pacemakers. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, 25, 38-48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MEMB.2006.1636350 [5] Ferro, A., Duilio, C., Santomauro, M. and Cuocolo, A. (2003) Walk Test at Increased Levels of Heart Rate in Patients with Dual-Chamber Pacemaker and with Normal or Depressed Left Ventricular Function. European Heart Journal, 24, 2123-2132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ehj.2003.09.007 [6] Jaworski, Z., Kuzmicz, W., Sadowski, M., Sama, D., Walkanis, A. Wielgus, A. and Wojtasik, A. (2000) VLSI Implementations of Fuzzy Logic Controllers for Rate-Adaptive Pacemakers. 1st Annual International Conference on Microtechnologies in Medicine and Biology, Lyon, 2000, 475-478. [7] Bronzino, J.D. (2000) The Biomedical Engineering Handbook, Volume I. 2nd Edition, CRC Press, Boca Raton. [8] Guyton, A.C. and Hall, J.E. (2006) Text Book of Medical Physiology. 11th Edition, Elsevier Saunders, Philadelphia, QP34.5.G9. [9] Whittington, R.H., Giovangrandi, L. and Kovacs, G.T.A. (2005) A Closed Loop Electrical Stimulation System for Cardiac Cell Cultures. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 52, 1261-1270.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2005.847539 [10] den Haan, A.D., Verkerk, A.O. and Tan, H.L. (2011) Creation of a Biopacemaker: Lessons from the Sinoatrial Node, Modern Pacemakers. In: Das, M.R., Ed., Present and Future, InTech, Morn Hill, Page.
http://www.intechopen.com/books/modern-pacemakers-present-andfuture/creation-of-a-biopacemaker-lessons-from-the-sinoatrial-node [11] Severs, N.J. (2000) The Cardiac Muscle Cell. BioEssays, 22, 188-199.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-1878(200002)22:2<188::AID-BIES10>3.0.CO;2-T