Decomposition of Pakistan’s Export Growth to APEC Markets
Affiliation(s)
1 Department of Economics, Institute of Business Management (IoBM), Karachi, Pakistan. 2 School of Economics, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
1 Department of Economics, Institute of Business Management (IoBM), Karachi, Pakistan. 2 School of Economics, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
ABSTRACT
We have tried to explore the major determinants of Pakistan’s exports to APEC Markets using the Constant Market Share (CMS) analysis for the period 2003 to 2012. The CMS technique decomposes the impact emanating from the world trade effect, the commodity composition effect, the market distribution effect and the competitiveness effect. We also suggest that policies can increase exports thus increasing foreign exchange earnings for the economy.
We have tried to explore the major determinants of Pakistan’s exports to APEC Markets using the Constant Market Share (CMS) analysis for the period 2003 to 2012. The CMS technique decomposes the impact emanating from the world trade effect, the commodity composition effect, the market distribution effect and the competitiveness effect. We also suggest that policies can increase exports thus increasing foreign exchange earnings for the economy.
Cite this paper
Wizarat, S. and Ahmed, A. (2015) Decomposition of Pakistan’s Export Growth to APEC Markets. Open Journal of Business and Management, 3, 287-299. doi: 10.4236/ojbm.2015.33029.
Wizarat, S. and Ahmed, A. (2015) Decomposition of Pakistan’s Export Growth to APEC Markets. Open Journal of Business and Management, 3, 287-299. doi: 10.4236/ojbm.2015.33029.
References
[1] Pakistan Bureau of Statistic (2012) www.pbs.gov.pk [2] Tyszynski, H. (1951) World Trade in Manufactured Commodities, 1899-1950. The Manchester School of Economic and Social Studies, 19, 222-304.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9957.1951.tb00012.x [3] Leamer, E.E. and Stern, R.M. (1970) Quantitative International Economics. Allen & Bacon, Boston. [4] Jepma, C.J. (1986) Extensions and Application Possibilities of the Constant Market Shares Analysis. Rijkusiniversiteit, Groningen. [5] Finicelli, A., Sbracia, M. and Zaghini, A. (2008) A Disaggregated Analysis of the Export Performance of Some Industrial and Emerging Countries. MPRA Paper, No. 11000. [6] Chaptea, A., Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2005) World Trade Competitiveness: A Disaggregated View by Shift-Share Analysis. Working Paper No 2005-23, CEPII, Paris. [7] Panayiotis, P., Backinezos, C. and Evangelia, A. (2010) Export Performance, Competitiveness and Commodity Composition. ISSN 1109-6691 (JEL Classification Codes: C22; F12; F14; O14). Working Papers, Bank of Greece, Economic Research Department, Special Studies Division. [8] Jiménez, N. and Martín, E. (2010) A Constant Market Share Analysis of the Euro Area in the Period 1994-2007. Economic Bulletin, January 2010. [9] Skriner, E. (2010) Competitiveness and Specialization of the Austrian Export Sector. Economic Series, No. 235, Institute for Advanced Studies, Vienna. [10] Amador, J. and Cabral, S. (2008) The Portuguese Export Performance in Perspective: A Constant Market Share Analysis. Economic Bulletin, Autumn 2008. [11] Nilsson, F.O.L., Lindberg, E. and Surry, Y. (2007) A Trade Performance Analysis of Fresh Fruit and Vegetables in Mediterranean Countries. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Working Paper Series 2007:1, Uppsala. [12] Aurangzeb (2006) Exports, Productivity and Economic Growth in Pakistan: A Time Series Analysis. The Lahore Journal of Economics, 11, 1-18. [13] Wizarat, S., Iftikhar, K. and Kamran, A.N. (2009) Major Determinants of Export Growth. Pakistan Business Review, 11. [14] Zada, N., Muhammad, M. and Bahadar, K. (2011) Determinants of Exports of Pakistan: A Country-Wise Disaggregated Analysis. The Pakistan Development Review, 50. [15] Amjad, R., Ghani, E., Musleh ud, D. and Mahmood, T. (2012) Export Barriers in Pakistan: Results of a Firm-Level Survey. The Lahore Journal of Economics, 17, 103-134.
[1] Pakistan Bureau of Statistic (2012) www.pbs.gov.pk [2] Tyszynski, H. (1951) World Trade in Manufactured Commodities, 1899-1950. The Manchester School of Economic and Social Studies, 19, 222-304.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9957.1951.tb00012.x [3] Leamer, E.E. and Stern, R.M. (1970) Quantitative International Economics. Allen & Bacon, Boston. [4] Jepma, C.J. (1986) Extensions and Application Possibilities of the Constant Market Shares Analysis. Rijkusiniversiteit, Groningen. [5] Finicelli, A., Sbracia, M. and Zaghini, A. (2008) A Disaggregated Analysis of the Export Performance of Some Industrial and Emerging Countries. MPRA Paper, No. 11000. [6] Chaptea, A., Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2005) World Trade Competitiveness: A Disaggregated View by Shift-Share Analysis. Working Paper No 2005-23, CEPII, Paris. [7] Panayiotis, P., Backinezos, C. and Evangelia, A. (2010) Export Performance, Competitiveness and Commodity Composition. ISSN 1109-6691 (JEL Classification Codes: C22; F12; F14; O14). Working Papers, Bank of Greece, Economic Research Department, Special Studies Division. [8] Jiménez, N. and Martín, E. (2010) A Constant Market Share Analysis of the Euro Area in the Period 1994-2007. Economic Bulletin, January 2010. [9] Skriner, E. (2010) Competitiveness and Specialization of the Austrian Export Sector. Economic Series, No. 235, Institute for Advanced Studies, Vienna. [10] Amador, J. and Cabral, S. (2008) The Portuguese Export Performance in Perspective: A Constant Market Share Analysis. Economic Bulletin, Autumn 2008. [11] Nilsson, F.O.L., Lindberg, E. and Surry, Y. (2007) A Trade Performance Analysis of Fresh Fruit and Vegetables in Mediterranean Countries. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Working Paper Series 2007:1, Uppsala. [12] Aurangzeb (2006) Exports, Productivity and Economic Growth in Pakistan: A Time Series Analysis. The Lahore Journal of Economics, 11, 1-18. [13] Wizarat, S., Iftikhar, K. and Kamran, A.N. (2009) Major Determinants of Export Growth. Pakistan Business Review, 11. [14] Zada, N., Muhammad, M. and Bahadar, K. (2011) Determinants of Exports of Pakistan: A Country-Wise Disaggregated Analysis. The Pakistan Development Review, 50. [15] Amjad, R., Ghani, E., Musleh ud, D. and Mahmood, T. (2012) Export Barriers in Pakistan: Results of a Firm-Level Survey. The Lahore Journal of Economics, 17, 103-134.