Clinical Evaluation and Surgical Management of Some Important Reproductive Problems of Intensively Raised Chickens in Zaria, Nigeria

Waziri I.  Musa; Sa’idu T.  Muhammad

doi:10.4236/ojas.2015.53036

Waziri I. Musa¹, Sa’idu T. Muhammad²

Abstract: Almost all healthy female chickens are expected to optimally produce eggs regularly. To maximize profits, nonproductive birds are often culled in commercial layer farms without due considerations to causes. Genetic and therapeutic manipulations to increase egg production per cycle often predispose birds to obstetric problems. Information on the detection and management techniques of reproductive abnormalities of the domestic chicken appear scarce. This study reports on clinical evaluation and surgical management of three major reproductive abnormalities of the commercial layer chickens. Egg yolk peritonitis, oviduct impaction and egg bound conditions were diagnosed and surgically managed following standard surgical procedures. Palpation and abdominocenthesis using flexible rubber catheter, abdomino-pelvic ultrasound scan and ventra-dorsal X-ray techniques were used to establish diagnosis. In all reported conditions herein, surgery was employed to correct them. The study showed values of diagnostic imaging and surgery to correcting obstetric conditions of domestic chickens.

Keywords: Reproductive Problems, Surgery, Exotic Chicken

Cite this paper: Musa, W. and Muhammad, S. (2015) Clinical Evaluation and Surgical Management of Some Important Reproductive Problems of Intensively Raised Chickens in Zaria, Nigeria. Open Journal of Animal Sciences, 5, 325-331. doi: 10.4236/ojas.2015.53036.

References

[1] Jorda, F.T.W. (1998) Miscellaneous Conditions of Chickens, Turkeys and Ducks. 4th Edition, WB Saunders Co. Ltd., 392-421.

[2] Srinivasan, P., Balasubramaniam, G.A., Gopala, T.R., Murthy, K. and Balachandra, P. (2014) Prevalence and Pathology of Oviduct Impaction in Commercial White Leghorn Layer Chicken in Namakkal Region of India. Veterinary World, 2, 553-558.
http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2014.553-558

[3] Kermer, I.F. (2008) Disorders of Avian Female Reproductive System. Avian Patholology, 9, 405-419.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03079458008418424

[4] Medina, H.A. (2008) Peritonitis in Commercial Egg Layers. Proceedings of the Midwest Poultry Federation Convention, St. Paul.

[5] Anne, L. and Girl, B. (2006) Egg Laying and Possible Problems. Tailfeathers Network, 2, 1-5.

[6] Bowles, H.L. (2002) Reproductive Diseases of Pet Bird Species. Veterinary Clinic of North America, Exotic Animal Practice, 5, 489-506.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1094-9194(02)00008-7

[7] Rosen, L.B. (2012) Topics in Medicine and Surgery. Avian Reproductive Disorders. Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine, 21, 124-131.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.jepm.2012.02.013

[8] Abdu, P.A., Sa’idu, L., Dandam, K.P. and Ruwaan, J.S. (2002) Some Reproductive Abnormalities in Domestic Fowls. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production, 29, 94-101.

[9] Onuoro, G.I. (1984) Seasonal Effect on the Egg Layer Pattern of Domestic Hens under the Deep Litter and Battery Systems of Management in Nsukka, Nigeria. Nigerian Veterinary Journal, 1, 18-22.

[10] Ate, I.U., Eze, E.C., Allam, L., Gberindyer, F., Wakawa, A.M. and Sa’idu, L. (2009) Gross Genital Disorders of the Avian Species Observed at Post Mortem at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria over a Five Year Period. Nigerian Veterinary Journal, 30, 26-30.

[11] Roskopt, W.J. and Woerpel, R. (2000) Avian Obstetric Medicine. In: Bichard, J.S., Sherding, R.G., Eds., Saunders Manual of Small Animal Practice, 2nd Edition, W.B Sanders Company, Philadelphia, London, 1450-5100.

[12] De Matos, R. and Morrisey, J.K. (2005) Emergency and Critical Care of Small Psittacines and Passerines. Avian Exotic Pet Medicine, 14, 90-105.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.saep.2005.04.004

[13] Hungerford, I.G. (1969) Diseases of Poultry including Cage Birds and Pigeons. 4th Edition, Angus and Robertson, 55-79.

[14] Joy, B. and Divya, T.R. (2014) Egg Bound and Vent Prolapsed in Chicken—A Review of Two Cases. Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 12, 91-92.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v12i1.20472

[15] Singh, M.P., Methrota, R.L., Prassad, C.B. and Prassad, N.L. (1977) Studies on the Incidence of Egg Peritonitis, Salphingitis and Oophoritis in Laying Hens. Indian Veterinary Medicine Journal, 1, 38-42.

[16] Joyner, K.L. (1994) Theriogenology. In: Ritchie, B.L., Harrison, C.J., Harrison, I.R., Eds., Avian Medicine, Principles and Application. Lake Worth Wingers Publishing, 499-510.

[17] Kaikabo, A.A., Mustapha, A., Yaroro, I.I. and Gashua, M.M. (2007) Occurrence of Egg Impaction and Peritonitis in a Flock of Commercial Laying Hens in Damaturu, Nigeria. Nigerian Veterinary Journal, 28, 56-58.

[18] Speer, B. (1997) Diseases of the Urogenital System. In: Altman, R.B., Clubb, S.T., Dorrestein, G.M., Eds., Avian Medicine and Surgery, WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 625.

[19] Martin, H.D. (1990) Avian Reproductive Emergencies; Surgical Management. Veterinary Medical Record, 2, 250-253.