Seismic Capacity Assessment of Existing RC Buildings in The Sudan by Using Pushover Analysis
Affiliation(s)
1 Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. 2 Department of Structural Engineering, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
1 Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. 2 Department of Structural Engineering, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
ABSTRACT
Recently, the evaluation of seismic performance of existing buildings has received a great attention. Current research works and observations indicate that The Sudan have low-to-moderate seismic regions. Most of existing buildings are designed only for gravity load. The objective of this paper is to assess the seismic performance of existing RC buildings in The Sudan. Four typical buildings were investigated using pushover analysis according to ATC-40. They were designed according to the Regulations for earthquake-resistant design of buildings in Egypt (ESEE) and International Building Code (IBC2012). Results showed that the buildings designed considering by ESEE and IBC2012 loads were found adequate and satisfied the Immediate Occupancy (IO) acceptance criteria according to ATC-40. The comparison of the pushover curve shows that the stiffness of frames is larger when using ESEE Regulations compared to the IBC2012 design. This means that ESEE design procedure provides a greater capability to resist seismic load than the IBC2012 design.
Recently, the evaluation of seismic performance of existing buildings has received a great attention. Current research works and observations indicate that The Sudan have low-to-moderate seismic regions. Most of existing buildings are designed only for gravity load. The objective of this paper is to assess the seismic performance of existing RC buildings in The Sudan. Four typical buildings were investigated using pushover analysis according to ATC-40. They were designed according to the Regulations for earthquake-resistant design of buildings in Egypt (ESEE) and International Building Code (IBC2012). Results showed that the buildings designed considering by ESEE and IBC2012 loads were found adequate and satisfied the Immediate Occupancy (IO) acceptance criteria according to ATC-40. The comparison of the pushover curve shows that the stiffness of frames is larger when using ESEE Regulations compared to the IBC2012 design. This means that ESEE design procedure provides a greater capability to resist seismic load than the IBC2012 design.
Cite this paper
Ismaeil, M. , Sobaih, M. and Akl, A. (2015) Seismic Capacity Assessment of Existing RC Buildings in The Sudan by Using Pushover Analysis. Open Journal of Civil Engineering, 5, 154-174. doi: 10.4236/ojce.2015.52016.
Ismaeil, M. , Sobaih, M. and Akl, A. (2015) Seismic Capacity Assessment of Existing RC Buildings in The Sudan by Using Pushover Analysis. Open Journal of Civil Engineering, 5, 154-174. doi: 10.4236/ojce.2015.52016.
References
[1] Abdalla, J., Mohamedzein, A., Yahia, E.A. and Abdelwahab, A. (1997) Seismic Hazard Assessment and Zoning of Sudan. Sudan Engineering Society Journal, 44, 35, 34-51. [2] Martino, R., Spacone, E. and Kingsley, G. (2000) Nonlinear Pushover Analysis of RC Structures. Advanced Technology in Structural Engineering, 1-8.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40492(2000)38 [3] Giannopoulos, P.I. (2009) Seismic Assessment of RC Building According to FEMA 356 and Eurocode 8. Proceedings of the 16th Conference on Concrete, TEE, ETEK, 21-23 October 2009. [4] Vijayakumar, D.L. (2012) Pushover Analysis of Existing Reinforced Concrete Framed Structures. European Journal of Scientific Research, 71, 195-202. [5] Jitendra, N., Balaji, K.V. and Gopalaraju. S.S.V. (2012) Pushover Analysis of Unsymmetrical Framed Structures on Sloping Ground. International Journal of Civil, Structural, Environmental and Infrastructure Engineering Research and Development (IJCSEIERD), 2, 45-54. [6] Golghate, K., Baradiya, V. and Sharma, A. (2013) Pushover Analysis of 4 Storey’s Reinforced Concrete Building. International Journal of Latest Trends in Engineering and Technology (IJLTET), 2, 80-84. [7] Rahul, R., Limin, J. and Atila, Z. (2004) Pushover Analysis of a 19 Story Concrete Shear wall Building. Proceedings of the 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vancouver, 1-6 August 2004, 133. [8] Sobaih, M. and Ismaeil, M. (2012) A Proposed Methodology for Seismic Evaluation and Strengthening of Existing School Buildings in The Sudan. Proceedings of the 15th WCEE, Lisbon, 28-30 September, 2012, Paper No. 0571. [9] Ismaeil, M.A., Hassaballa, A.E. and Sobaih, M. (2013) Assessment of Seismic Performance and Strengthening of RC Existing Residential Buildings in The Sudan. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), 2, 442-450. [10] Hassaballa, A.E. and Ismaeil, M.A. (2013) Seismic Retrofitting of a RC Building by Adding Steel Plate Shear Walls, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (JOSR-JMCE), 7, 49-62. [11] Ismaeil, M.A. (2014) Pushover Analysis of Existing 3 Stories RC Flat Slab Building in The Sudan. Proceedings of the International Conference on Water, Energy, and Food Nexus for Sustainable Development, Pattaya, 19-21 November 2014, Paper No. 5092. [12] Ismaeil, M., Hassaballa, A., Alzeadc, A. and Adamd, M. (2014) Pushover Analysis of Existing 4 Storey RC Flat Slab Building. International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research (IJSBAR), 16, 242-257. [13] International Code Council (2012) International Building Code, IBC2012. [14] ESEE (1988) Regulations for Earthquake-Resistance Design of Buildings in Egypt. Egyptian Society for Earthquake Engineering, Cairo. [15] Sobaih, M. and Hassabala, A. (2010) Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment for The Sudan. Proceedings of the 2nd European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Ohird, 12-17 October 2010, Paper No. 1332. [16] BS 8110 (1997) The Structural Use of Concrete. British Standard Institution, London. [17] ACI Committee 318 (2008) ACI 318-08 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary. American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills. [18] CSI. SAP2000 V-14 (2010) Integrated Finite Element Analysis and Design of Structures Basic Analysis Reference Manual. Computers and Structures, Inc., Berkeley. [19] FEMA-356 (2000) Prestandard and Commentary for Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings. Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington DC. [20] (ATC) (1996) Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Concrete Buildings. Vol. 1 and 2, Report No. ATC-40, Applied Technology Council, Redwood City. [21] Sofyan, A. (2013) Seismic Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Frames Using Pushover Analysis. Al-Rafidain Engineering Journal, 21, 28-45. [22] Hakim, R.A., Alama, M.S. and Ashour, S.A. (2014) Seismic Assessment of an RC Building Using Pushover Analysis, Engineering. Technology & Applied Science Research, 4, 631-635. [23] Poluraju, P. and Nageswara Rao, P.V.S. (2011) Pushover Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Frame Structure Using SAP 2000. International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering, 4, 684-690. [24] Maske, A.A., Nikhil, A.M. and Preeti, P.S. (2014) Pushover Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Frame Structures: A Case Study. International Journal of Advanced Technology in Engineering and Science, 2, 118-128.
[1] Abdalla, J., Mohamedzein, A., Yahia, E.A. and Abdelwahab, A. (1997) Seismic Hazard Assessment and Zoning of Sudan. Sudan Engineering Society Journal, 44, 35, 34-51. [2] Martino, R., Spacone, E. and Kingsley, G. (2000) Nonlinear Pushover Analysis of RC Structures. Advanced Technology in Structural Engineering, 1-8.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40492(2000)38 [3] Giannopoulos, P.I. (2009) Seismic Assessment of RC Building According to FEMA 356 and Eurocode 8. Proceedings of the 16th Conference on Concrete, TEE, ETEK, 21-23 October 2009. [4] Vijayakumar, D.L. (2012) Pushover Analysis of Existing Reinforced Concrete Framed Structures. European Journal of Scientific Research, 71, 195-202. [5] Jitendra, N., Balaji, K.V. and Gopalaraju. S.S.V. (2012) Pushover Analysis of Unsymmetrical Framed Structures on Sloping Ground. International Journal of Civil, Structural, Environmental and Infrastructure Engineering Research and Development (IJCSEIERD), 2, 45-54. [6] Golghate, K., Baradiya, V. and Sharma, A. (2013) Pushover Analysis of 4 Storey’s Reinforced Concrete Building. International Journal of Latest Trends in Engineering and Technology (IJLTET), 2, 80-84. [7] Rahul, R., Limin, J. and Atila, Z. (2004) Pushover Analysis of a 19 Story Concrete Shear wall Building. Proceedings of the 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vancouver, 1-6 August 2004, 133. [8] Sobaih, M. and Ismaeil, M. (2012) A Proposed Methodology for Seismic Evaluation and Strengthening of Existing School Buildings in The Sudan. Proceedings of the 15th WCEE, Lisbon, 28-30 September, 2012, Paper No. 0571. [9] Ismaeil, M.A., Hassaballa, A.E. and Sobaih, M. (2013) Assessment of Seismic Performance and Strengthening of RC Existing Residential Buildings in The Sudan. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), 2, 442-450. [10] Hassaballa, A.E. and Ismaeil, M.A. (2013) Seismic Retrofitting of a RC Building by Adding Steel Plate Shear Walls, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (JOSR-JMCE), 7, 49-62. [11] Ismaeil, M.A. (2014) Pushover Analysis of Existing 3 Stories RC Flat Slab Building in The Sudan. Proceedings of the International Conference on Water, Energy, and Food Nexus for Sustainable Development, Pattaya, 19-21 November 2014, Paper No. 5092. [12] Ismaeil, M., Hassaballa, A., Alzeadc, A. and Adamd, M. (2014) Pushover Analysis of Existing 4 Storey RC Flat Slab Building. International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research (IJSBAR), 16, 242-257. [13] International Code Council (2012) International Building Code, IBC2012. [14] ESEE (1988) Regulations for Earthquake-Resistance Design of Buildings in Egypt. Egyptian Society for Earthquake Engineering, Cairo. [15] Sobaih, M. and Hassabala, A. (2010) Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment for The Sudan. Proceedings of the 2nd European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Ohird, 12-17 October 2010, Paper No. 1332. [16] BS 8110 (1997) The Structural Use of Concrete. British Standard Institution, London. [17] ACI Committee 318 (2008) ACI 318-08 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary. American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills. [18] CSI. SAP2000 V-14 (2010) Integrated Finite Element Analysis and Design of Structures Basic Analysis Reference Manual. Computers and Structures, Inc., Berkeley. [19] FEMA-356 (2000) Prestandard and Commentary for Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings. Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington DC. [20] (ATC) (1996) Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Concrete Buildings. Vol. 1 and 2, Report No. ATC-40, Applied Technology Council, Redwood City. [21] Sofyan, A. (2013) Seismic Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Frames Using Pushover Analysis. Al-Rafidain Engineering Journal, 21, 28-45. [22] Hakim, R.A., Alama, M.S. and Ashour, S.A. (2014) Seismic Assessment of an RC Building Using Pushover Analysis, Engineering. Technology & Applied Science Research, 4, 631-635. [23] Poluraju, P. and Nageswara Rao, P.V.S. (2011) Pushover Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Frame Structure Using SAP 2000. International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering, 4, 684-690. [24] Maske, A.A., Nikhil, A.M. and Preeti, P.S. (2014) Pushover Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Frame Structures: A Case Study. International Journal of Advanced Technology in Engineering and Science, 2, 118-128.