Thermal Decomposition of Bamboo Phyllostachys Edulis Pretreated with Ionic Liquids-Water Mixtures
ABSTRACT
The ionic liquid (IL)-water mixture pretreated bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) samples were applied in the research of thermal decomposition. [BMIM]Cl (1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride)- water and [BMIM]BF4 (1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate)-water were used in pretreatment process. Compositions of the untreated bamboo and pretreated bamboo were compared. The results of X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) were analyzed to explain the effect of ILs mixture on cellulose crystalline structure. The pretreated cellulose with [BMIM]Cl- water mixture was tend to produce the more gaseous products, which were associated with the decomposition rate. The behavior of more CO and CH4 gaseous products and less tar in the thermal decomposition products could be attributed to ILs-water mixture pretreatment process. The potential and some problems of ILs-water mixture pretreatment method applied in thermal chemical conversion methods were also discussed.
The ionic liquid (IL)-water mixture pretreated bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) samples were applied in the research of thermal decomposition. [BMIM]Cl (1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride)- water and [BMIM]BF4 (1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate)-water were used in pretreatment process. Compositions of the untreated bamboo and pretreated bamboo were compared. The results of X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) were analyzed to explain the effect of ILs mixture on cellulose crystalline structure. The pretreated cellulose with [BMIM]Cl- water mixture was tend to produce the more gaseous products, which were associated with the decomposition rate. The behavior of more CO and CH4 gaseous products and less tar in the thermal decomposition products could be attributed to ILs-water mixture pretreatment process. The potential and some problems of ILs-water mixture pretreatment method applied in thermal chemical conversion methods were also discussed.
Cite this paper
Wang, Q. , Chen, Q. and Endo, T. (2015) Thermal Decomposition of Bamboo Phyllostachys Edulis Pretreated with Ionic Liquids-Water Mixtures. Green and Sustainable Chemistry, 5, 55-62. doi: 10.4236/gsc.2015.52008.
Wang, Q. , Chen, Q. and Endo, T. (2015) Thermal Decomposition of Bamboo Phyllostachys Edulis Pretreated with Ionic Liquids-Water Mixtures. Green and Sustainable Chemistry, 5, 55-62. doi: 10.4236/gsc.2015.52008.
References
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef1000198 [11] Rinaldi, R., Palkovits, R. and Schüth, F. (2008) Depolymerization of Cellulose Using Solid Catalysts in Ionic Liquids. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 47, 8047-8050.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef0580117
[1] Grillo, G., Brandt, A., Grasvik, J., Halletta, J.P. and Welton, T. (2013) Deconstruction of Lignocellulosic Biomass with Ionic Liquids. Green Chemistry, 15, 550-583.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2gc36364j [2] Wang, Q., Chen, Q., Qiao, Q. and Sugiyama, K. (2014) Process Analysis of the Waste Bamboo by Using Polyethylene glycol Solvent Liquefaction. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 9, 647-657.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/SDP-V9-N5-647-657 [3] Wang, Q., Mitsumura, N., Chen, Q., Sarkar, A., Kurokawa, H., Sekiguchi, K. and Sugiyama, K. (2014) Investigation of Condensation Reaction during Phenol Liquefaction of Waste Woody Materials. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 9, 658-668.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/SDP-V9-N5-658-668 [4] Brandt, A., Ray, M.J., To, T.Q., Leak, D.J., Murphybc, R.J. and Welton, T. (2011) Ionic Liquid Pretreatment of Lig- nocellulosic Biomass with Ionic Liquid-Water Mixtures. Green Chemistry, 13, 2489-2499.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1gc15374a [5] Bahcegul, E., Apaydin, S., Haykir, N.I., Tatlic, E. and Bakir, U. (2012) Different Ionic Liquids Favour Different Lig- nocellulosic Biomass Particle Sizes during Pretreatment to Function Efficiently. Green Chemistry, 14, 1896-1903.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2gc35318k [6] Hou, X.D., Li, N. and Zong, M.H. (2013) Facile and Simple Pretreatment of Sugar Cane Bagasse without Size Re- duction Using Renewable Ionic Liquids-Water Mixtures. ACS. Sustainable. Chemical Engineering Journal, 1, 519- 526. [7] Zhang, Z.Y., O’Hara, I.M. and Doherty, W.O.S. (2013) Effects of pH on Pretreatment of Sugarcane Bagasse Using Aqueous Imidazolium Ionic Liquids. Green Chemistry, 15, 431-438.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2gc36084e [8] Zhang, Z.Y., O’Hara, I.M. and Doherty, W.O.S. (2012) Pretreatment of Sugarcane Bagasse by Acid-Catalysed Process in Aqueous Ionic Liquid Solutions. Bioresource Technology, 120, 149-156.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.06.035 [9] Zavrel, M., Bross, D., Funke, M., Büchs, J. and Spiess, A.C. (2009) High-Throughput Screening for Ionic Liquids Dissolving (Ligno-)Cellulose. Bioresource Technology, 100, 2580-2587.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.11.052 [10] Zhang, Y., Du, H., Qian, X. and Chen, E.Y.X. (2010) Ionic Liquid-Water Mitures: Enhanced Kw for Efficient Cellu-losic Biomass Conversion. Energy & Fuels, 24, 2410-2417.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef1000198 [11] Rinaldi, R., Palkovits, R. and Schüth, F. (2008) Depolymerization of Cellulose Using Solid Catalysts in Ionic Liquids. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 47, 8047-8050.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.200802879 [12] Olivier-Bourbigou, H., Magna, L. and Morvan, D. (2010) Ionic Liquids and Catalysis: Recent Progress from Know- ledge to Applications. Applied Catalysis A: General, 373, 1-56.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2009.10.008 [13] John, M.J. and Thomas, S. (2008) Biofibres and Biocomposites. Carbohydrate Polymers, 71, 343-364.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2007.05.040 [14] Yang, H.P., Yan, R., Chen, H.P., Zheng, C.G., Lee, D.H. and Liang, D.T. (2006) In-Depth Investigation of Biomass Pyrolysis Based on Three Major Components: Hemicelluloses, Cellulose and Lignin. Energy & Fuels, 20, 388-393.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef0580117