Prevalence and Correlates of Violence against Women in Nepal: Findings from Nepal Demographic Health Survey, 2011
ABSTRACT
Using data from a nationally representative sample of 3224 ever-married women interviewed as part of Nepal Demographic Health Survey—2011, this paper examined the prevalence and correlates of violence against women in Nepal. Results showed that one out of every two ever-married women aged 15 - 49 of the country experienced violence of any kind in their life. Odds of experiencing violence are higher among women of rural areas, women having low economic and educational status, and separated/divorced women. Having more children and alcohol consuming husbands also increase women’s chance of being victimised of violence in Nepal.
Using data from a nationally representative sample of 3224 ever-married women interviewed as part of Nepal Demographic Health Survey—2011, this paper examined the prevalence and correlates of violence against women in Nepal. Results showed that one out of every two ever-married women aged 15 - 49 of the country experienced violence of any kind in their life. Odds of experiencing violence are higher among women of rural areas, women having low economic and educational status, and separated/divorced women. Having more children and alcohol consuming husbands also increase women’s chance of being victimised of violence in Nepal.
Cite this paper
Ahmad, A. and Jaleel, A. (2015) Prevalence and Correlates of Violence against Women in Nepal: Findings from Nepal Demographic Health Survey, 2011. Advances in Applied Sociology, 5, 119-128. doi: 10.4236/aasoci.2015.54011.
Ahmad, A. and Jaleel, A. (2015) Prevalence and Correlates of Violence against Women in Nepal: Findings from Nepal Demographic Health Survey, 2011. Advances in Applied Sociology, 5, 119-128. doi: 10.4236/aasoci.2015.54011.
References
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022146513501518 [3] Benson, M., & Fox, G. L. (2004). When Violence Hits Home: How Economics and Neighborhood Play a Role. U.S. Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice, Research in Brief. National Criminal Justice, 205004. [4] Bott, S., Morrison, A., & Ellsberg, M. (2005). Preventing and Responding to Gender Based Violence in Middle and Low Income Countries: A Global Review and Analysis (Working Paper No. 3618).
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http://www.coe.int/t/dg2/equality/domesticviolencecampaign/fact_sheet_en.asp [6] Fischbach, R. L., & Herbert, B. (1997). Domestic Violence and Mental Health: Correlates and Conundrums within and across Cultures. Social Science and Medicine, 45, 1161-1176.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-5-291 [17] Sharma, S. (2007). Domestic Violence in Nepali Society: Root Cause and Consequences. A Research Report Submitted to SIRF/SNV Nepal, Kathmandu: SIRF/SNV Nepal. [18] Tjaden, P., & Thoennes, N. (2000). Full Report of the Prevalence, Incidence and Consequences of Violence against Women: Findings from the National Violence against Women Survey. Washington DC: US Department of Justice and Centre for Disease Control.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/e514172006-001 [19] UNICEF (2000). Domestic Violence against Women and Girls. No. 6, Innocenti Digest. [20] United Nations (1993). Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women. Proceedings of the 85th Plenary Meeting, United Nations General Assembly, Geneva, 20 December 1993.
http://www.unhchr.ch/huridocda/huridoca.nsf/(Symbol)/A.RES.48.104.En?Opendocument [21] Visaria, L. (2000). Violence against Women: A Field Study. Economic and Political Weekly, 35, 1742-1751. [22] World Health Organisation (2002). World Report on Violence and Health. E. G. Krug, L. L. Dahlberg, J. A. Mercy, A. B. Zwi, & R. Lozano (Eds.). Geneva: World Health Organization.
[1] Ali, T. S., Asad, N., Mogren, I., & Krantz, G. (2011). Intimate Partner Violence in Urban Pakistan: Prevalence, Frequency, and Risk Factors. International Journal of Women’s Health, 3, 105-115. [2] Axinn, W. G., Ghimire, D. J., Williams, N. E., & Scott, K. M. (2013). Gender, Traumatic Events, and Mental Health Disorders in a Rural Asian Setting. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 54, 444-461.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022146513501518 [3] Benson, M., & Fox, G. L. (2004). When Violence Hits Home: How Economics and Neighborhood Play a Role. U.S. Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice, Research in Brief. National Criminal Justice, 205004. [4] Bott, S., Morrison, A., & Ellsberg, M. (2005). Preventing and Responding to Gender Based Violence in Middle and Low Income Countries: A Global Review and Analysis (Working Paper No. 3618).
https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/8210 [5] Council of Europe (2006). The Council of Europe Campaign to Combat Violence against Women, Including Domestic Violence.
http://www.coe.int/t/dg2/equality/domesticviolencecampaign/fact_sheet_en.asp [6] Fischbach, R. L., & Herbert, B. (1997). Domestic Violence and Mental Health: Correlates and Conundrums within and across Cultures. Social Science and Medicine, 45, 1161-1176.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(97)00022-1 [7] Hindin, M. J., Kishor, S., & Ansara, D. L. (2008). Intimate Partner Violence among Couples in 10 DHS Countries: Predictors and Health Outcomes. Calverton, MD: Macro International Incorporated. [8] International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and Macro International (2007). National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3) (Volume II). Mumbai: IIPS. [9] Jejeebhoy, S. J. (1998). Association between Wife-Beating and Fetal and Infant Death: Impressions from a Survey in Rural India. Studies in Family Planning, 29, 300-308.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/172276 [10] Joshi, S. K., & Kharel, J. (2008). Violence against Women in Nepal-An Overview. The Free Library. [11] Karlekar, M. (1998). Domestic Violence. Economic and Political Weekly, 33, 1741-1751. [12] Lamichhane, P., Puri, M., Tamang, J., & Dulal, B. (2011). Women’s Status and Violence against Young Married Women in Rural Nepal. BMC Women’s Health, 11, 19. [13] Mahajan, A. (1990). Instigators of Wife Battering. In S. Sood (Ed.), Violence against Women (pp. 1-10). Jaipur: Arihant Publishers. [14] Moreno, C., Jansen, H.A.F.M., Ellsberg, M., Heise, L., & Watts C.H. (2005). WHO Multicounty Study on Women’s Health and Domestic Violence against Women: Initial Results on Prevalence, Health Outcomes and Women’s Responses. Geneva: World Health Organization. [15] Morrison, A., & Ellsberg, M. (2005). Preventing and Responding to Gender-Based Violence in Middle and Low-Income Countries: A Global Review and Analysis. [16] Puri, M., Frost, M., Tamang, J., Lamichhane, P., & Shah, I. (2012). The Prevalence and Determinants of Sexual Violence against Young Married Women by Husbands in Rural Nepal. BMC Research Notes, 5, 291.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-5-291 [17] Sharma, S. (2007). Domestic Violence in Nepali Society: Root Cause and Consequences. A Research Report Submitted to SIRF/SNV Nepal, Kathmandu: SIRF/SNV Nepal. [18] Tjaden, P., & Thoennes, N. (2000). Full Report of the Prevalence, Incidence and Consequences of Violence against Women: Findings from the National Violence against Women Survey. Washington DC: US Department of Justice and Centre for Disease Control.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/e514172006-001 [19] UNICEF (2000). Domestic Violence against Women and Girls. No. 6, Innocenti Digest. [20] United Nations (1993). Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women. Proceedings of the 85th Plenary Meeting, United Nations General Assembly, Geneva, 20 December 1993.
http://www.unhchr.ch/huridocda/huridoca.nsf/(Symbol)/A.RES.48.104.En?Opendocument [21] Visaria, L. (2000). Violence against Women: A Field Study. Economic and Political Weekly, 35, 1742-1751. [22] World Health Organisation (2002). World Report on Violence and Health. E. G. Krug, L. L. Dahlberg, J. A. Mercy, A. B. Zwi, & R. Lozano (Eds.). Geneva: World Health Organization.