Introduction of Disaster Cognitive Psychological Science
Author(s)
Rui Nouchi1,2*
Affiliation(s)
1 Human and Social Response Research Division, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. 2 Department of Advanced Brain Science, Smart Ageing International Research Center, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
1 Human and Social Response Research Division, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. 2 Department of Advanced Brain Science, Smart Ageing International Research Center, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
ABSTRACT
Disaster science is an academic field that explores mechanisms of disasters, investigates economic, social, and environmental impact of disasters, and develops systems for disaster prevention, mitigation, and restoration. After the 2011 Great East Japan (Tohoku) earthquake and tsunami disaster, reduction and avoidance of potential losses from disasters have received much attention. The purpose of this article is to introduce a new research field in disaster science called disaster cognitive psychological science. First, we define disasters in disaster science. Second, disaster cognitive psychological science is introduced. The scopes of disaster cognitive psychological science are 1) to clarify human mental processes and behaviors in any situation related to disasters such as evacuation behavior, risk perception, and decision making, and 2) to develop and evaluate new systems for disaster prevention, mitigation, and restoration such as education and training programs for disaster prevention. Finally, disaster cognitive psychological science research has only just begun. We shall continue our research related to disaster cognitive psychological science.
Disaster science is an academic field that explores mechanisms of disasters, investigates economic, social, and environmental impact of disasters, and develops systems for disaster prevention, mitigation, and restoration. After the 2011 Great East Japan (Tohoku) earthquake and tsunami disaster, reduction and avoidance of potential losses from disasters have received much attention. The purpose of this article is to introduce a new research field in disaster science called disaster cognitive psychological science. First, we define disasters in disaster science. Second, disaster cognitive psychological science is introduced. The scopes of disaster cognitive psychological science are 1) to clarify human mental processes and behaviors in any situation related to disasters such as evacuation behavior, risk perception, and decision making, and 2) to develop and evaluate new systems for disaster prevention, mitigation, and restoration such as education and training programs for disaster prevention. Finally, disaster cognitive psychological science research has only just begun. We shall continue our research related to disaster cognitive psychological science.
KEYWORDS
Disaster Science, Cognitive Science, Risk Perception, Disaster Cognitive Psychological Science
Disaster Science, Cognitive Science, Risk Perception, Disaster Cognitive Psychological Science
Cite this paper
Nouchi, R. (2015) Introduction of Disaster Cognitive Psychological Science. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 3, 139-143. doi: 10.4236/jss.2015.33022.
Nouchi, R. (2015) Introduction of Disaster Cognitive Psychological Science. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 3, 139-143. doi: 10.4236/jss.2015.33022.
References
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[1] International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (2001) World Disasters Report: Focus on Reducing Risk. Eurospan, London. [2] Alexander, D.E. (2005) An Interpretation of Disaster in Terms of Changes in Culture, Society and International Relations. In: Perry, R.W. and Quarantelli, E.L., Eds., What Is a Disaster? New Answers to Old Questions, XLibris Press, Philadelphia, 25-38. [3] Barkun, M. (1974) Disaster and the Millennium. Yale University Press, New Haven. [4] Al-Madhari, A.F. and Keller, A.Z. (1997) Review of Disaster Definitions. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine, 12, 17- 21. [5] Quarantelli, E.L. and Dynes, R.R. (1970) Editors Introduction. American Behavioral Scientist, 13, 325-330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000276427001300302 [6] Quarantelli, E.L. (1985) What Is Disaster? The Need for Clarification in Definition and Conceptualization in Research. http://udspace.udel.edu/handle/19716/1119 [7] Sperber, W.H. (2001) Hazard Identification: From a Quantitative to a Qualitative Approach. Food Control, 12, 223- 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0956-7135(00)00044-X [8] Breakwell, G.M. (2007) The Psychology of Risk. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511819315 [9] Alexander, D.E. (1993) Natural Disasters. UCL Press, Chapman & Hall, Routledge, London. [10] Weichselgartner, J. (2001) Disaster Mitigation: The Concept of Vulnerability Revisited. Disaster Prevention and Management, 10, 85-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09653560110388609 [11] Cutter, S.L. (1996) Vulnerability to Environmental Hazards. Progress in Human Geography, 20, 529-539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913259602000407 [12] Blaikie, P., Cannon, T., Davis, I. and Wisner, B. (2004) At Risk—Natural Hazards, People’s Vulnerability and Disasters. 2nd Edition, Routledge, London. [13] Fritz, C.E. (1961) Disaster. In: Merton, R.K. and Nisbet, R.A., Eds., Contemporary Social Problems, Harcourt, Brace and World, New York, 651-694. [14] Kreps, G.A. (1983) Sociological Inquiry and Disaster Research. Annual Review of Sociology, 10, 309-330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.so.10.080184.001521 [15] Boyack, K.W., Klavans, R. and Börner, K. (2005) Mapping the Backbone of Science. Scientometrics, 64, 351-374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11192-005-0255-6 [16] Hunt, E. (1989) Cognitive Science: Definition, Status, and Questions. Annual Review of Psychology, 40, 603-662. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ps.40.020189.003131 [17] McCaughey, B.C. (1986) The Psychological Symptomatology of a U.S. Naval Disaster. Military Medicine, 151, 162- 165. [18] Yamori, K. (2009) Action Research on Disaster Reduction Education: Building a “Community of Practice” through a Gaming Approach. Journal of Natural Disaster Science, 30, 83-96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2328/jnds.30.83 [19] Nouchi, R. and Sugiura, M. (2014) Beneficial Effects of Learning with Game-Book on Education for Disaster Prevention in Children. Journal of Disaster Research, 9, 1079-1087. [20] Vorhold, V., Giessing, C., Wiedemann, P.M., Schutz, H., Gauggel, S. and Fink, G.R. (2007) The Neural Basis of Risk Ratings: Evidence from a Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) Study. Neuropsychologia, 45, 3242-3250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.06.023 [21] Sekiguchi, A., Sugiura, M., Taki, Y., Kotozaki, Y., Nouchi, R., Takeuchi, H., Araki, T., Hanawa, S., Nakagawa, S., Miyauchi, C.M., Sakuma, A. and Kawashima, R. (2013) Brain Structural Changes as Vulnerability Factors and Acquired Signs of Post-Earthquake Stress. Molecular Psychiatry, 18, 618-623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/mp.2012.51