3D Geology Modeling from 2D Prospecting Line Profile Map
Affiliation(s)
1 Key Laboratory of Geo-Informatics, Chinese Academy of Surveying & Mapping, Beijing, China. 2 School of Mapping & Geographical Science, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, China. 3 College of Geoscience & Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, China.
1 Key Laboratory of Geo-Informatics, Chinese Academy of Surveying & Mapping, Beijing, China. 2 School of Mapping & Geographical Science, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, China. 3 College of Geoscience & Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, China.
ABSTRACT
Using prospecting line profile map in combination with drilling and other information for 3D reconstruction of geological model is an important method of 3D geological modeling. This paper discusses the theory and implementation method of 2D prospecting line map into 3D prospecting line map and then into 3D model. The authors propose that it needs twice upgrading dimension to reconstruction 3D geology model from prospecting line profile map. The first upgrading dimension is to convert profile from 2D into 3D profile, i.e. the 2D points in the 2D profile map upgrading dimensional transformation to 3D points in a 3D profile. The second upgrading dimension is that transform 0D point 1D curve and 2D polygon feature into 1D curve, 2D surface and 3D solid feature. The paper reexamines contents and forms in prospecting line map from the two different viewpoints of geology and geographic information science. The process of 3D geology modeling from 2D prospecting map is summarized as follows. Firstly, profile is divided into several sections by beginning, end and drill point of the prospecting line. Next, a 3D folded upright profile frame is built by 2D folded prospecting line on the plan map. Then, 2D points of features on 2D profile are converted into 3D points on 3D profile section by section. And then, adding switch control points for the long line crossover two segments. Lastly, 1D curve features are upgraded to 2D surface.
Using prospecting line profile map in combination with drilling and other information for 3D reconstruction of geological model is an important method of 3D geological modeling. This paper discusses the theory and implementation method of 2D prospecting line map into 3D prospecting line map and then into 3D model. The authors propose that it needs twice upgrading dimension to reconstruction 3D geology model from prospecting line profile map. The first upgrading dimension is to convert profile from 2D into 3D profile, i.e. the 2D points in the 2D profile map upgrading dimensional transformation to 3D points in a 3D profile. The second upgrading dimension is that transform 0D point 1D curve and 2D polygon feature into 1D curve, 2D surface and 3D solid feature. The paper reexamines contents and forms in prospecting line map from the two different viewpoints of geology and geographic information science. The process of 3D geology modeling from 2D prospecting map is summarized as follows. Firstly, profile is divided into several sections by beginning, end and drill point of the prospecting line. Next, a 3D folded upright profile frame is built by 2D folded prospecting line on the plan map. Then, 2D points of features on 2D profile are converted into 3D points on 3D profile section by section. And then, adding switch control points for the long line crossover two segments. Lastly, 1D curve features are upgraded to 2D surface.
KEYWORDS
Prospecting Line Profile, 3D Geology Modeling, Upgrading Dimensional, Coordinate Transformation, Profile Framework, Segmented Convert
Prospecting Line Profile, 3D Geology Modeling, Upgrading Dimensional, Coordinate Transformation, Profile Framework, Segmented Convert
Cite this paper
Li, Q. , Cui, Y. , Chen, C. , Dong, Q. and Ma, Z. (2015) 3D Geology Modeling from 2D Prospecting Line Profile Map. International Journal of Geosciences, 6, 180-189. doi: 10.4236/ijg.2015.62012.
Li, Q. , Cui, Y. , Chen, C. , Dong, Q. and Ma, Z. (2015) 3D Geology Modeling from 2D Prospecting Line Profile Map. International Journal of Geosciences, 6, 180-189. doi: 10.4236/ijg.2015.62012.
References
[1] Schumaker, L.L. (1990) Reconstructing 3D Objects from Cross-Sections. In: Dahmen, W., Gasca, M., Michelli, C., et al., Eds., Computation of Curves and Surfaces, Kluver Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 275-309. [2] Muller, H. and Klingert, A. (1993) Surface Interpolation from Cross Sections. In: Hagen, H., Muller, H. and Nielson, G.M., Eds., Focus on Scientific Visualization, Springer-Verlag, London, 139-189. [3] Meyers, D. (1995) Reconstruction of Surfaces from Planar Contours. University of Washington, Seattle. [4] Li, M.W., Zhao, C.S., Zheng, R.F., et al. (2005) A Study on Transformation Method Between the 3D Coordinates of a Geological Prospecting Line Section and the 2D Coordinates of the Line Section Drawing. Journal of Jilin University: Earth Science Edition, 3, 818-822. [5] Li, G.Q., Chen, A.M., Deng, M. and Li, J.J. (2005) A New Transformation Method of Exploratory Profiles from 2D to 3D Coordination Systems. Modern Geology, 23, 2-3. [6] Chen, J.H., Zhou, Z.Y., Chen, G. and Gu, D.S. (2005) Automatic Formation Method of Prospecting Line Profile Map Based on Drill Hole Database. Journal of Central South University (Natural Science), 36, 2-3. [7] Wang, Z.G., Qu, H.G., Zhang, C.M. and Yao, L.Q. (2007) Triangulation Visualization of Three Dimensional Topological Geology Section. Geography and Geo-Information Science, 23, 1. [8] Wang, Z.-G., Pan, M., Qu, H.-G., et al. (2008) Algorithm of Delaunay Triangulation of 3D Folded Cross-Section. Computer Engineering and Applications, 44, 94-96. [9] ISO 19107 (2003) Geographic Information Spatial Schema. ISO TC 211. [10] Herring, J. OGC Abstract Specifications Topic 1—Feature Geometry, 2001-05-10. [11] Pilout, M., Tempfli, K. and Molenaar, M.A. (1994) Tetrahedron-Based 3D Vector Data Model for Geoinformation. Advanced Geographic Data Modelling, 40, 129-140. [12] Wang, D. (2009) Research on Three-Dimensional Geological Modeling Based on Planar Geological Map. Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 55-66. [13] Mallet, J.-L. (2002) Geomodeling. Oxford University Press, Oxford. [14] Liu, X. (2011) The Research on Key Algorithm of Three Dimensional Geological Modeling. University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 14-20. [15] Sharma, J., Guha, R. and Sharma, R. (2011) Improved Ostrowski-Like Methods Based on Cubic Curve Interpolation. Applied Mathematics, 2, 816-823. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/am.2011.27109 [16] Caliò, F. and Marchetti, E. (2013) Cubic Spline Approximation for Weakly Singular Integral Models. Applied Mathematics, 4, 1563-1567. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/am.2013.411211
[1] Schumaker, L.L. (1990) Reconstructing 3D Objects from Cross-Sections. In: Dahmen, W., Gasca, M., Michelli, C., et al., Eds., Computation of Curves and Surfaces, Kluver Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 275-309. [2] Muller, H. and Klingert, A. (1993) Surface Interpolation from Cross Sections. In: Hagen, H., Muller, H. and Nielson, G.M., Eds., Focus on Scientific Visualization, Springer-Verlag, London, 139-189. [3] Meyers, D. (1995) Reconstruction of Surfaces from Planar Contours. University of Washington, Seattle. [4] Li, M.W., Zhao, C.S., Zheng, R.F., et al. (2005) A Study on Transformation Method Between the 3D Coordinates of a Geological Prospecting Line Section and the 2D Coordinates of the Line Section Drawing. Journal of Jilin University: Earth Science Edition, 3, 818-822. [5] Li, G.Q., Chen, A.M., Deng, M. and Li, J.J. (2005) A New Transformation Method of Exploratory Profiles from 2D to 3D Coordination Systems. Modern Geology, 23, 2-3. [6] Chen, J.H., Zhou, Z.Y., Chen, G. and Gu, D.S. (2005) Automatic Formation Method of Prospecting Line Profile Map Based on Drill Hole Database. Journal of Central South University (Natural Science), 36, 2-3. [7] Wang, Z.G., Qu, H.G., Zhang, C.M. and Yao, L.Q. (2007) Triangulation Visualization of Three Dimensional Topological Geology Section. Geography and Geo-Information Science, 23, 1. [8] Wang, Z.-G., Pan, M., Qu, H.-G., et al. (2008) Algorithm of Delaunay Triangulation of 3D Folded Cross-Section. Computer Engineering and Applications, 44, 94-96. [9] ISO 19107 (2003) Geographic Information Spatial Schema. ISO TC 211. [10] Herring, J. OGC Abstract Specifications Topic 1—Feature Geometry, 2001-05-10. [11] Pilout, M., Tempfli, K. and Molenaar, M.A. (1994) Tetrahedron-Based 3D Vector Data Model for Geoinformation. Advanced Geographic Data Modelling, 40, 129-140. [12] Wang, D. (2009) Research on Three-Dimensional Geological Modeling Based on Planar Geological Map. Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 55-66. [13] Mallet, J.-L. (2002) Geomodeling. Oxford University Press, Oxford. [14] Liu, X. (2011) The Research on Key Algorithm of Three Dimensional Geological Modeling. University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 14-20. [15] Sharma, J., Guha, R. and Sharma, R. (2011) Improved Ostrowski-Like Methods Based on Cubic Curve Interpolation. Applied Mathematics, 2, 816-823. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/am.2011.27109 [16] Caliò, F. and Marchetti, E. (2013) Cubic Spline Approximation for Weakly Singular Integral Models. Applied Mathematics, 4, 1563-1567. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/am.2013.411211