Urena lobata Flowers: A Green Route to Volumetric Analysis
Affiliation(s)
Department of Chemistry, H. N. B. Garhwal University Campus-Pauri (Uttarakhand), Pauri, India.
Department of Chemistry, H. N. B. Garhwal University Campus-Pauri (Uttarakhand), Pauri, India.
ABSTRACT
The aqueous and alcoholic extract of Urena lobata flowers has been used in acid/alkali titrations over a wide range of concentration. The results obtained with the flower extracts have been compared with those obtained by using traditional chemical indicators like phenolphthalein and methyl orange. It has been established experimentally that the flower extract can be successfully used in place of phenolphthalein and methyl orange for acid/alkali titrations. The presence of anthocyanins is supposed to impart pH sensitive colour dependence to the natural indicator.
The aqueous and alcoholic extract of Urena lobata flowers has been used in acid/alkali titrations over a wide range of concentration. The results obtained with the flower extracts have been compared with those obtained by using traditional chemical indicators like phenolphthalein and methyl orange. It has been established experimentally that the flower extract can be successfully used in place of phenolphthalein and methyl orange for acid/alkali titrations. The presence of anthocyanins is supposed to impart pH sensitive colour dependence to the natural indicator.
Cite this paper
Singh, D. and Singh, V. (2015) Urena lobata Flowers: A Green Route to Volumetric Analysis. Green and Sustainable Chemistry, 5, 1-5. doi: 10.4236/gsc.2015.51001.
Singh, D. and Singh, V. (2015) Urena lobata Flowers: A Green Route to Volumetric Analysis. Green and Sustainable Chemistry, 5, 1-5. doi: 10.4236/gsc.2015.51001.
References
[1] Pathade, K.S., Patil, S.B., Konda-war, M.S., Naik-wade, N.S. and Magdum, C.S. (2009) Morus Alba Fruit-Herbal Alternative to Synthetic Acid-Base Indicators. International Journal of ChemTech Research, 1, 549-551. [2] Vogel, A.I. (2000) A Text Book of Quantitative Chemical Analysis. 6th Edition, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, 312. [3] Hargis, L.G. (1988) Analytical Chemistry: Principles and Techniques. Prentice Hall International Editions, Upper Saddle River. [4] Patil, M.V. and Jadhav, R.L. (2012) Use of Phyllanthus reticulatus Fruit Extract as a Natural Indicator in Acid-Base Titration. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2, 490-491. [5] Shakhatreh, S. (2012) Rhatany Indicators as a Subsistent to Synthetic Indicator. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 4, 2952-2954. [6] Jadhav, R.L., Mahajan, N.S., Pimpodkar, N.V., Garge, S.B. and Karande, P.P. (2009) Use of Ixora Chinenis Flower Extract as a Natural Indicator in Acid-Base Titration. International Journal of Chemical Sciences, 7, 219-224. [7] Finar, I.L. (2002) Organic Chemistry: Stereochemistry and the Chemistry of Natural Products. 5th Edition, Pearson, London, Vol. 2. [8] Chatwal, G.R. (2007) Organic Chemistry of Natural Products. 4th Edition, Himalaya Publication House, Mumbai, 2.38-2.40. [9] Dao, L.T., Takeoka, G.R., Edwards, R.H. and Berrios, J.D.J. (1998) Improved Methods for the Stabilization of Antho-Cyanidins. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 46, 3564-3569.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf980359v
[1] Pathade, K.S., Patil, S.B., Konda-war, M.S., Naik-wade, N.S. and Magdum, C.S. (2009) Morus Alba Fruit-Herbal Alternative to Synthetic Acid-Base Indicators. International Journal of ChemTech Research, 1, 549-551. [2] Vogel, A.I. (2000) A Text Book of Quantitative Chemical Analysis. 6th Edition, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, 312. [3] Hargis, L.G. (1988) Analytical Chemistry: Principles and Techniques. Prentice Hall International Editions, Upper Saddle River. [4] Patil, M.V. and Jadhav, R.L. (2012) Use of Phyllanthus reticulatus Fruit Extract as a Natural Indicator in Acid-Base Titration. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2, 490-491. [5] Shakhatreh, S. (2012) Rhatany Indicators as a Subsistent to Synthetic Indicator. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 4, 2952-2954. [6] Jadhav, R.L., Mahajan, N.S., Pimpodkar, N.V., Garge, S.B. and Karande, P.P. (2009) Use of Ixora Chinenis Flower Extract as a Natural Indicator in Acid-Base Titration. International Journal of Chemical Sciences, 7, 219-224. [7] Finar, I.L. (2002) Organic Chemistry: Stereochemistry and the Chemistry of Natural Products. 5th Edition, Pearson, London, Vol. 2. [8] Chatwal, G.R. (2007) Organic Chemistry of Natural Products. 4th Edition, Himalaya Publication House, Mumbai, 2.38-2.40. [9] Dao, L.T., Takeoka, G.R., Edwards, R.H. and Berrios, J.D.J. (1998) Improved Methods for the Stabilization of Antho-Cyanidins. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 46, 3564-3569.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf980359v