Studies of the Volatile Compounds Present in Leaves, Stems and Flowers of Vernonanthura patens (Kunth) H. Rob
Affiliation(s)
1 Superior Polytechnic School of Litoral, Biotechnology Research Center of Ecuador (ESPOL-CIBE), Guayaquil, Ecuador. 2 Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics of Superior Polytechnic School of Litoral, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
1 Superior Polytechnic School of Litoral, Biotechnology Research Center of Ecuador (ESPOL-CIBE), Guayaquil, Ecuador. 2 Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics of Superior Polytechnic School of Litoral, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
ABSTRACT
The study of the volatile components of the leaves, stems and flowers of Vernonanthura patens is discussed. A micro solid-phase extraction at constant temperature with a dimethylsiloxane fiber of 100 μm was performed. The compounds extracted were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). 7 monoterpenes structures were assigned to leaves, and three to stems, these compounds were not detected in the flowers with the configuration of the system used. 17 sesquiterpenes were identified in the leaves; 6 in stems and 2 in flowers, finding coincidence in some of them. The major components were α-humulene in leaves, bergamotene in stems and caryophyllene in flowers.
The study of the volatile components of the leaves, stems and flowers of Vernonanthura patens is discussed. A micro solid-phase extraction at constant temperature with a dimethylsiloxane fiber of 100 μm was performed. The compounds extracted were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). 7 monoterpenes structures were assigned to leaves, and three to stems, these compounds were not detected in the flowers with the configuration of the system used. 17 sesquiterpenes were identified in the leaves; 6 in stems and 2 in flowers, finding coincidence in some of them. The major components were α-humulene in leaves, bergamotene in stems and caryophyllene in flowers.
Cite this paper
Manzano, P. , Miranda, M. , Orellana, T. and Quijano, M. (2014) Studies of the Volatile Compounds Present in Leaves, Stems and Flowers of Vernonanthura patens (Kunth) H. Rob. International Journal of Organic Chemistry, 4, 314-318. doi: 10.4236/ijoc.2014.45034.
Manzano, P. , Miranda, M. , Orellana, T. and Quijano, M. (2014) Studies of the Volatile Compounds Present in Leaves, Stems and Flowers of Vernonanthura patens (Kunth) H. Rob. International Journal of Organic Chemistry, 4, 314-318. doi: 10.4236/ijoc.2014.45034.
References
[1] Thorne, R. (2007) An Updated Classification of the Class Magnoliopsida (“Angiospermae”). The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx. [2] Jeffrey, C. (2007) Compositae: Introduction with Key to Tribes. In: Kadereit, J.W. and Jeffrey, C., Eds., Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, Vol. VIII, Flowering Plants, Eudicots, Asterales, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 61-87. [3] Bremer, K. (1994) Asteraceae: Cladistics and Classification. Timber Press, Portland. [4] Manzano Santana, P.I., García, M., Mendiola J., Fernández-Calienes, A., Orellana, T., Miranda, M., Peralta, E. and Monzote, L. (2014) In Vitro Anti-Protozoal Assessment of Vernonanthura patents Extracts. Pharmacologyonline, 1, 1-6. [5] Manzano Santana, P.I., Miranda, M., Paz Robles, C., Abreu Payrol, J., Silva, M. and Hernández, V. (2012) Isolation and Characterization of the Hexane Fraction of the Leaves of Vernonanthura patens (Kunth) H. Rob. with Antifungal Activity. Cuban Journal of Pharmacy, 46, 352-358. [6] Bohlmann, F., Jakupovic, J., Gupta, R., King, R. and Robinson, H. (1981) Allenic Germacranolides, Bourbonene Derived Lactones and Other Constituents from Vernonia Species. Phytochemistry, 20, 473-480.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84169-2 [7] Carneiro, F.B., Júnior, I.D., Lopes, P.Q. and Macêdo, R.O. (2010) Varying the Amount of β-Caryophyllene in the Essential Oil of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng., Lamiaceae under Different Growing Conditions. Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy, 20, 600-606. [8] Leite, N., Sobral-Souza, C., Albuquerque, R., Brito, D., Lavor, A., Alencar, L., Tintino, S., Ferreira, J. Figueredo, J., Lima, L., Cunha, F., Pinho, A. and Coutinho, H. (2013) In Vitro Cytotoxic Antiparasitic Activity of Caryophyllene and Eugenol against Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania brasiliensis. Cuban Journal of Medicinal Plants, 18, 522-528. [9] Nchu, F., Magano, S. and Eloff, J. (2012) In Vitro Anti-Tick Properties of the Essential Oil of Tagetes minuta L. (Asteraceae) on Hyalomma rufipes (Acari: Ixodidae). Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 79, E1-E5. [10] Teixeira, B., Marques, A., Ramos, C., Nuno, R., Neng, J., Nogueira, J., Saraiva, A. and Nunes, M. (2013) Chemical Composition and Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties of Comercial essential Oils. Industrial Crops and Products, 43, 587-595. [11] Kessler, A. and Baldwin, I. (2001) Defensive Function of Herbivore-Induced Plant Volatile Emissions. Nature Science, 291, 2141-2144. [12] Zoubiri, S. and Baaliouamer, A. (2012) GC and GC/MS Analyses of the Algerian Lantana Camara Leaf Essential Oil: Effect against Sitophilus Granaries Adults. Journal of Saudi Chemical Society, 16, 291-297.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jscs.2011.01.013 [13] Manzano Santana, P.I., Miranda, M., Payrol, J.A., Silva, M., Hernández, V. and Peralta, E. (2013) Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Study from the Leaves Fractions Obtained of Vernonanthura patens (Kunth) H. Rob. International Journal of Organic Chemistry, 3, 105-109.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ijoc.2013.32011 [14] Manzano, P.I., Miranda, M., Abreu-Payrol, J., Silva, M., Sterner, O. and Peralta, E.L. (2013) Pentacyclic triterpenoids with Antimicrobial Activity from the Leaves of Vernonanthura patens (Asteraceae). Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 25, 539-543
[1] Thorne, R. (2007) An Updated Classification of the Class Magnoliopsida (“Angiospermae”). The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx. [2] Jeffrey, C. (2007) Compositae: Introduction with Key to Tribes. In: Kadereit, J.W. and Jeffrey, C., Eds., Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, Vol. VIII, Flowering Plants, Eudicots, Asterales, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 61-87. [3] Bremer, K. (1994) Asteraceae: Cladistics and Classification. Timber Press, Portland. [4] Manzano Santana, P.I., García, M., Mendiola J., Fernández-Calienes, A., Orellana, T., Miranda, M., Peralta, E. and Monzote, L. (2014) In Vitro Anti-Protozoal Assessment of Vernonanthura patents Extracts. Pharmacologyonline, 1, 1-6. [5] Manzano Santana, P.I., Miranda, M., Paz Robles, C., Abreu Payrol, J., Silva, M. and Hernández, V. (2012) Isolation and Characterization of the Hexane Fraction of the Leaves of Vernonanthura patens (Kunth) H. Rob. with Antifungal Activity. Cuban Journal of Pharmacy, 46, 352-358. [6] Bohlmann, F., Jakupovic, J., Gupta, R., King, R. and Robinson, H. (1981) Allenic Germacranolides, Bourbonene Derived Lactones and Other Constituents from Vernonia Species. Phytochemistry, 20, 473-480.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84169-2 [7] Carneiro, F.B., Júnior, I.D., Lopes, P.Q. and Macêdo, R.O. (2010) Varying the Amount of β-Caryophyllene in the Essential Oil of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng., Lamiaceae under Different Growing Conditions. Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy, 20, 600-606. [8] Leite, N., Sobral-Souza, C., Albuquerque, R., Brito, D., Lavor, A., Alencar, L., Tintino, S., Ferreira, J. Figueredo, J., Lima, L., Cunha, F., Pinho, A. and Coutinho, H. (2013) In Vitro Cytotoxic Antiparasitic Activity of Caryophyllene and Eugenol against Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania brasiliensis. Cuban Journal of Medicinal Plants, 18, 522-528. [9] Nchu, F., Magano, S. and Eloff, J. (2012) In Vitro Anti-Tick Properties of the Essential Oil of Tagetes minuta L. (Asteraceae) on Hyalomma rufipes (Acari: Ixodidae). Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 79, E1-E5. [10] Teixeira, B., Marques, A., Ramos, C., Nuno, R., Neng, J., Nogueira, J., Saraiva, A. and Nunes, M. (2013) Chemical Composition and Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties of Comercial essential Oils. Industrial Crops and Products, 43, 587-595. [11] Kessler, A. and Baldwin, I. (2001) Defensive Function of Herbivore-Induced Plant Volatile Emissions. Nature Science, 291, 2141-2144. [12] Zoubiri, S. and Baaliouamer, A. (2012) GC and GC/MS Analyses of the Algerian Lantana Camara Leaf Essential Oil: Effect against Sitophilus Granaries Adults. Journal of Saudi Chemical Society, 16, 291-297.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jscs.2011.01.013 [13] Manzano Santana, P.I., Miranda, M., Payrol, J.A., Silva, M., Hernández, V. and Peralta, E. (2013) Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Study from the Leaves Fractions Obtained of Vernonanthura patens (Kunth) H. Rob. International Journal of Organic Chemistry, 3, 105-109.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ijoc.2013.32011 [14] Manzano, P.I., Miranda, M., Abreu-Payrol, J., Silva, M., Sterner, O. and Peralta, E.L. (2013) Pentacyclic triterpenoids with Antimicrobial Activity from the Leaves of Vernonanthura patens (Asteraceae). Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 25, 539-543