The Protective Effect of Grape Seed Extract on Cardiotoxicity Induced by Doxorubicin Drug in Male Rats
Affiliation(s)
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
ABSTRACT
Objective: This work was designed to determine the productive effect of grape seed proanthocynadine extract (GSPE) and Vitamin E against Doxorubicin (DOX) induced myocardial toxicity in 50 male. Wister rates were divided in five groups. The 1st group was untreated and served as a control. The 2nd group was treated with DOX only, the 3rd group was pretreated with GSPE, the 4th group was pretreated with Vitamin E, and the 5th group was pretreated with GSPE and Vitamin E. DOX was administered by single i.p (Intraperitonial) injection of 15 mg/kg/body weight to induce cardio toxicity and Vitamin E was administered at a dose of 400 IU/kg/bodyweight/day, p.o (per oral) for 10 days prior to DOX administration [1]. GSPE was given at a dose of 150 mg/kg/bodyweight/ day, p.o (per oral) for 10 days before treatment with DOX. After 2 weeks experimental period, blood samples and heart tissues were taken from all groups. The general observations, mortality, histopathology, biomarker enzymes like Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Creatine Phosphokinase (CPK), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Antioxidants such as Glutathione (GSH), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) were monitored after 2 weeks of the last dose. Results: Administration of DOX caused cardiomyopathy associated with an antioxidant deficiency. Pretreatment with GSPE and Vitamin E significantly (P < 0.01) protected the myocardium from the toxic effects of DOX by reducing the elevated level of biomarkers and diagnostic enzymes like LDH, CPK, AST, and ALT to normal levels. GSPE and Vitamin E increased the GSH, SOD and CAT levels and decreased the MDA levels in cardiac tissue. Conclusion: These results suggest a cardioprotective effect of GSPE and Vitamin E due to its antioxidant properties.
Objective: This work was designed to determine the productive effect of grape seed proanthocynadine extract (GSPE) and Vitamin E against Doxorubicin (DOX) induced myocardial toxicity in 50 male. Wister rates were divided in five groups. The 1st group was untreated and served as a control. The 2nd group was treated with DOX only, the 3rd group was pretreated with GSPE, the 4th group was pretreated with Vitamin E, and the 5th group was pretreated with GSPE and Vitamin E. DOX was administered by single i.p (Intraperitonial) injection of 15 mg/kg/body weight to induce cardio toxicity and Vitamin E was administered at a dose of 400 IU/kg/bodyweight/day, p.o (per oral) for 10 days prior to DOX administration [1]. GSPE was given at a dose of 150 mg/kg/bodyweight/ day, p.o (per oral) for 10 days before treatment with DOX. After 2 weeks experimental period, blood samples and heart tissues were taken from all groups. The general observations, mortality, histopathology, biomarker enzymes like Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Creatine Phosphokinase (CPK), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Antioxidants such as Glutathione (GSH), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) were monitored after 2 weeks of the last dose. Results: Administration of DOX caused cardiomyopathy associated with an antioxidant deficiency. Pretreatment with GSPE and Vitamin E significantly (P < 0.01) protected the myocardium from the toxic effects of DOX by reducing the elevated level of biomarkers and diagnostic enzymes like LDH, CPK, AST, and ALT to normal levels. GSPE and Vitamin E increased the GSH, SOD and CAT levels and decreased the MDA levels in cardiac tissue. Conclusion: These results suggest a cardioprotective effect of GSPE and Vitamin E due to its antioxidant properties.
KEYWORDS
Grape Seed Proanthocynadin Extract, Vitamin E, Doxorubicin, Antioxidants, Cardiotoxicity, Oxidative Stress
Grape Seed Proanthocynadin Extract, Vitamin E, Doxorubicin, Antioxidants, Cardiotoxicity, Oxidative Stress
Cite this paper
Al-Sowayan, N. and Mahmoud, N. (2014) The Protective Effect of Grape Seed Extract on Cardiotoxicity Induced by Doxorubicin Drug in Male Rats. Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology, 5, 1078-1089. doi: 10.4236/abb.2014.514123.
Al-Sowayan, N. and Mahmoud, N. (2014) The Protective Effect of Grape Seed Extract on Cardiotoxicity Induced by Doxorubicin Drug in Male Rats. Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology, 5, 1078-1089. doi: 10.4236/abb.2014.514123.
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[1] Folts, J.D. (2002) Potential Health Benefits from the Flavonoids in Grape Products on Vascular Disease. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 505, 95-111.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5235-9_9 [2] Chaves, A.A., Joshi, M.S., Coyle, C.M., Brady, J.E., Dech, S.J., Schanbacher, B.L., Baliga, R., Basuray, A. and Bauer, J.A. (2009) Vasoprotective Endothelial Effects of a Standardized Grape Product in Humans. Vascular Pharmacology, 50, 20-26.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vph.2008.08.004 [3] Bagchi, D., Bagchi, M., Stohs, S.J., Das, D.K., Ray, S.D., Kuszynski, C.A., Joshi, S.S. and Pruess, H.G. (2000) Free Radicals and Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract: Importance in Human Health and Disease Prevention. Toxicology, 148, 187-197.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0300-483X(00)00210-9 [4] Goncalves, T.L., Benvegnu, D.M., Bonfanti, G., Frediani, A.V. and Rocha J.B. (2009) Delta-ALA-D Activity Is a Reliable Marker for Oxidative Stress in Bone Marrow Transplant Patients. BMC Cancer, 9, 138.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-9-138 [5] Conklin, K.A. (2000) Dietary Antioxidants during Cancer Chemotherapy: Impact on Chemotherapeutic Effectiveness and Development of Side Effects. Nutrition and Cancer, 37, 1-18.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15327914NC3701_1 [6] Conklin, K.A. (2004) Chemotherapy-Associated Oxidative Stress: Impact on Chemotherapeutic Effectiveness. Integrative Cancer Therapies, 3, 294-300.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534735404270335 [7] Wessner, B., Strasser, E.M., Koitz, N., Schmuckenschlager, C., Unger-Manhart, N. and Roth, E. (2007) Green Tea Polyphenol Administration Partly Ameliorates Chemotherapy Induced Side Effects in the Small Intestine of Mice. Journal of Nutrition, 137, 634-64. [8] Li, W., Xu, B., Xu, J. and Wu, X.L. (2009) Procyanidins Produce Significant Attenuation of Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity via Suppression of Oxidative Stress. Basic Clinical Pharmacology Toxicology, 104, 192-197.
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