An Integrated Water Resources and Economic Approach for Optimizing Water Allocation Policies
ABSTRACT
Reservoir/river systems analysis models are generally used in the formulation and evaluation of alternative plans for responding to water related problems and needs. One of the main problems is the water resources allocation and the cost associated with pumping, if needed. Taking the appropriate decision is considered as a techno-economic issue. The case study presented in this paper involves a complex system of three dams, two pumping stations and two diversion structures all serving an agricultural production unit. The objective of this research is to determine a suitable and feasible water allocation/pumping policy as a “trade-off” between minimizing the water deficiency and the cost of pumping. To achieve this objective, a water resources model was developed using HEC-5. A multi-criteria decision approach was implemented to determine the most appropriate water release policy and the capacity of the water diversion facilities. The parameters used were subject to a sensitivity analysis to assess their relative impact on the determined policy. The suggested release policy allows a reduction of half the total of the pumping costs with only 3% reduction in the water allocation reliability, as measured by the failure frequency of demand satisfaction and the average shortage index.
Reservoir/river systems analysis models are generally used in the formulation and evaluation of alternative plans for responding to water related problems and needs. One of the main problems is the water resources allocation and the cost associated with pumping, if needed. Taking the appropriate decision is considered as a techno-economic issue. The case study presented in this paper involves a complex system of three dams, two pumping stations and two diversion structures all serving an agricultural production unit. The objective of this research is to determine a suitable and feasible water allocation/pumping policy as a “trade-off” between minimizing the water deficiency and the cost of pumping. To achieve this objective, a water resources model was developed using HEC-5. A multi-criteria decision approach was implemented to determine the most appropriate water release policy and the capacity of the water diversion facilities. The parameters used were subject to a sensitivity analysis to assess their relative impact on the determined policy. The suggested release policy allows a reduction of half the total of the pumping costs with only 3% reduction in the water allocation reliability, as measured by the failure frequency of demand satisfaction and the average shortage index.
KEYWORDS
Water Resources Optimization, Water Allocation Policy, Reservoir Simulation, Techno-Economic Analysis, Multi-Criteria, Algeria
Water Resources Optimization, Water Allocation Policy, Reservoir Simulation, Techno-Economic Analysis, Multi-Criteria, Algeria
Cite this paper
Awadallah, A. and Awadallah, N. (2014) An Integrated Water Resources and Economic Approach for Optimizing Water Allocation Policies. Journal of Water Resource and Protection, 6, 1444-1456. doi: 10.4236/jwarp.2014.615133.
Awadallah, A. and Awadallah, N. (2014) An Integrated Water Resources and Economic Approach for Optimizing Water Allocation Policies. Journal of Water Resource and Protection, 6, 1444-1456. doi: 10.4236/jwarp.2014.615133.
References
[1] Yeh, W. (1985) Reservoir Management and Operations Models: A State-of-the-Art-Review. Water Resources Research, 21, 1797-1818.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/WR021i012p01797 [2] US Army Corps of Engineers, Hydrologic Engineering Center (1991) Optimization of Multiple-Purpose Reservoir System Operations: A Review of Modeling and Analysis Approaches. Research Document No. 34. [3] Rani, D. and Moreira, M.M. (2010) Simulation-Optimization Modeling: A Survey and Potential Application in Reservoir. Water Resources Management, 24, 1107-1138.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11269-009-9488-0 [4] Wurbs, R.A. (1993) Reservoir-System Simulation and Optimization Models. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, ASCE, 119, 455-472.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(1993)119:4(455) [5] Wurbs, R.A. (1994) Computer Models for Water Resources Planning and Management. Institute for Water Resources, Virginia, IWR Report 94-NDS-7. [6] Wurbs, R.A. (1996) Modeling and Analysis of Reservoir System Operations. Prentice Hall, New Jersey. [7] Labadie, J. (2004) Optimal Operation of Multireservoir Systems: State-of-the-Art Review. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 130, 93-110.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2004)130:2(93) [8] Robitaille, A., Welt, F. and Lafond, L. (1995) Development of a Real Time River Management System for Hydro-Quebec’s Short Term Operation. Waterpower’95. [9] Allen, R.B., Olason, T. and Bridgeman, S.G. (1996) A Decision Support System for Power Systems Operations Management. Proceedings of the ASCE Fifth Water Resources Operations Management Workshop. [10] Loucks, D.P., Salewicz, K.A. and Taylor, M.R. (1989) IRIS an Interactive River System Simulation Model, General Introduction and Description. Cornell University, Ithaca, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg. [11] Wurbs, R.A. and Walls, W.B. (1989) Water Rights Modeling and Analysis. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, ASCE, 115, 416-430.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(1989)115:4(416) [12] Labadie, J. (1995) River Basin Model for Water Rights Planning, MODSIM: Technical Manual. Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins. [13] Andreu, J., Capilla, J. and Sanchis, E. (1996) AQUATOOL, a Generalized Decision-Support System for Water-Resources Planning and Operational Management. Journal of Hydrology, 177, 269-291.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(95)02963-X [14] WEAP (1997) Water Evaluation and Planning System Users Guide. Tellus Institute, Boston. [15] US Army Corps of Engineers, Hydrologic Engineering Center (1998) HEC-5 Simulation of Flood Control and Conservation Systems User’s Manual. Version 8.0, Davis. [16] Eschenbach, E.A., Magee, T., Zagona, E., Goranflo, M. and Shane, R. (2001) Goal Programming Decision Support System for Multiobjective Operation of Reservoir Systems. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 127, 108-120.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2001)127:2(108) [17] Fayaed, S.S., Ahmed El-Shafie, A. and Jaafar, O. (2012) Reservoir-System Simulation and Optimization Techniques. Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 27, 1751-1772.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00477-013-0711-4 [18] PNE (1997) Plan National de l’Eau. Groupement Beture, Carl Bro et CES Salzgitter. [19] (1984) SOGREAH Etude du Schema directeur des ressources en eau du Cheliff et reamenagement du perimètre du Bas Cheliff. Rapport B2, SOGREAH Ingenieurs Conseil et SNC Montreal.
[1] Yeh, W. (1985) Reservoir Management and Operations Models: A State-of-the-Art-Review. Water Resources Research, 21, 1797-1818.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/WR021i012p01797 [2] US Army Corps of Engineers, Hydrologic Engineering Center (1991) Optimization of Multiple-Purpose Reservoir System Operations: A Review of Modeling and Analysis Approaches. Research Document No. 34. [3] Rani, D. and Moreira, M.M. (2010) Simulation-Optimization Modeling: A Survey and Potential Application in Reservoir. Water Resources Management, 24, 1107-1138.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11269-009-9488-0 [4] Wurbs, R.A. (1993) Reservoir-System Simulation and Optimization Models. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, ASCE, 119, 455-472.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(1993)119:4(455) [5] Wurbs, R.A. (1994) Computer Models for Water Resources Planning and Management. Institute for Water Resources, Virginia, IWR Report 94-NDS-7. [6] Wurbs, R.A. (1996) Modeling and Analysis of Reservoir System Operations. Prentice Hall, New Jersey. [7] Labadie, J. (2004) Optimal Operation of Multireservoir Systems: State-of-the-Art Review. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 130, 93-110.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2004)130:2(93) [8] Robitaille, A., Welt, F. and Lafond, L. (1995) Development of a Real Time River Management System for Hydro-Quebec’s Short Term Operation. Waterpower’95. [9] Allen, R.B., Olason, T. and Bridgeman, S.G. (1996) A Decision Support System for Power Systems Operations Management. Proceedings of the ASCE Fifth Water Resources Operations Management Workshop. [10] Loucks, D.P., Salewicz, K.A. and Taylor, M.R. (1989) IRIS an Interactive River System Simulation Model, General Introduction and Description. Cornell University, Ithaca, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg. [11] Wurbs, R.A. and Walls, W.B. (1989) Water Rights Modeling and Analysis. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, ASCE, 115, 416-430.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(1989)115:4(416) [12] Labadie, J. (1995) River Basin Model for Water Rights Planning, MODSIM: Technical Manual. Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins. [13] Andreu, J., Capilla, J. and Sanchis, E. (1996) AQUATOOL, a Generalized Decision-Support System for Water-Resources Planning and Operational Management. Journal of Hydrology, 177, 269-291.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(95)02963-X [14] WEAP (1997) Water Evaluation and Planning System Users Guide. Tellus Institute, Boston. [15] US Army Corps of Engineers, Hydrologic Engineering Center (1998) HEC-5 Simulation of Flood Control and Conservation Systems User’s Manual. Version 8.0, Davis. [16] Eschenbach, E.A., Magee, T., Zagona, E., Goranflo, M. and Shane, R. (2001) Goal Programming Decision Support System for Multiobjective Operation of Reservoir Systems. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 127, 108-120.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2001)127:2(108) [17] Fayaed, S.S., Ahmed El-Shafie, A. and Jaafar, O. (2012) Reservoir-System Simulation and Optimization Techniques. Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 27, 1751-1772.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00477-013-0711-4 [18] PNE (1997) Plan National de l’Eau. Groupement Beture, Carl Bro et CES Salzgitter. [19] (1984) SOGREAH Etude du Schema directeur des ressources en eau du Cheliff et reamenagement du perimètre du Bas Cheliff. Rapport B2, SOGREAH Ingenieurs Conseil et SNC Montreal.