Performance of Concrete with Fly Ash and Kaolin Inclusion
ABSTRACT
Waste materials of environmental risks, costly landfill disposal can be utilized in cement and concrete applications. Partial replacement of cement in engineering projects reduces the cost of construction with ecological benefits. The type and mix ratio affects the strength and workability of cement-concrete matrices. This research deals with the replacement of Class F fly ash and kaolin with cement used in concrete. Replacement of 10% fly ash with cement improves the comprehensive strength of concrete in 28 days period, and the workability is increased by 53.8%. The kaolin replacement reduced both the strength and workability of concrete.
Waste materials of environmental risks, costly landfill disposal can be utilized in cement and concrete applications. Partial replacement of cement in engineering projects reduces the cost of construction with ecological benefits. The type and mix ratio affects the strength and workability of cement-concrete matrices. This research deals with the replacement of Class F fly ash and kaolin with cement used in concrete. Replacement of 10% fly ash with cement improves the comprehensive strength of concrete in 28 days period, and the workability is increased by 53.8%. The kaolin replacement reduced both the strength and workability of concrete.
Cite this paper
Ghais, A. , Ahmed, D. , Siddig, E. , Elsadig, I. and Albager, S. (2014) Performance of Concrete with Fly Ash and Kaolin Inclusion. International Journal of Geosciences, 5, 1445-1450. doi: 10.4236/ijg.2014.512118.
Ghais, A. , Ahmed, D. , Siddig, E. , Elsadig, I. and Albager, S. (2014) Performance of Concrete with Fly Ash and Kaolin Inclusion. International Journal of Geosciences, 5, 1445-1450. doi: 10.4236/ijg.2014.512118.
References
[1] Chang, T.-P., Chung, F.-C. and Lin, H.-C. (1996) A Mix Proportioning Methodology for High Performance Concrete. Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, 19, 645-655.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02533839.1996.9677830 [2] ACI Committee 226 (1988) Use of Fly Ash in Concrete, ACI 226.3R-87. ACI Material Journal, 85, 381-408. [3] ACI Committee 211 (1993) Guide for Selecting Proportions for High-Strength Concrete with Portland Cement and Fly Ash, ACI 226.4R. ACI Material Journal, 90, 272-283. [4] Langley, W.S., Carette, G.G. and Malhotra, V.M. (1989) Structural Concrete Incorporating High Volumes of ASTM Class F Fly Ash. ACI Material Journal, 86, 507-514. [5] Carette, G., Bilodeau, A., Chevrier, R.L. and Malhotra, V.M. (1993) Mechanicalproperties of Concrete Incorporating High Volumes of Fly Ash from Sources in the U.S. ACI Material Journal, 90, 535-544. [6] (2014) Using Fly Ash in Concrete.
http://precast.org/ [7] Wild, S., Khatib, J.M. and Jones, A. (1996) Relative Strength, Pozzolanic Activity and Cement Hydration in Superplasticized Metakaolin Concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 26, 1537-1544.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(96)00148-2 [8] Bhimani, P. and Vyas, C.M. (2013) Performance of Concrete with China Clay (Kaolin) Waste. International Journal of Latest Trends in Engineering and Technology (IJLTET), 2, 49-54. [9] Hwang, C.L., Lee L.S. and Lin, F.Y. (1996) Densified Mixture Design Algorithm and Early Properties of High Performance Concrete. Journal of the Chinese Institute of Civil Engineering and Hydraulic Engineering, 8, 217-229. [10] Tanaka, H., Wingnarajah, S., Sugimoto, K., Ukida, K. and Ishii, M. (1992) Characteristics of Concrete Incorporating Sorted Fly Ash. 4th CANMET/ACI International Conference on the Use of Fly Ash, Silica Fume, Slag and Natural Pozzolans in Concrete, Istanbul, 971-986. [11] Ardani, A. (2012) Evaluation of High-Volume, Fly Ash Mixtures (Paste and Mortar Components) Using a Dynamic Shear Rheometer and an Isothermal Calorimeter. FHWA Publication No. FHWA-HRT-12-062, NTIS Accession No. PB2012-112546, HRDI-10, (202) 493-3422.
[1] Chang, T.-P., Chung, F.-C. and Lin, H.-C. (1996) A Mix Proportioning Methodology for High Performance Concrete. Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, 19, 645-655.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02533839.1996.9677830 [2] ACI Committee 226 (1988) Use of Fly Ash in Concrete, ACI 226.3R-87. ACI Material Journal, 85, 381-408. [3] ACI Committee 211 (1993) Guide for Selecting Proportions for High-Strength Concrete with Portland Cement and Fly Ash, ACI 226.4R. ACI Material Journal, 90, 272-283. [4] Langley, W.S., Carette, G.G. and Malhotra, V.M. (1989) Structural Concrete Incorporating High Volumes of ASTM Class F Fly Ash. ACI Material Journal, 86, 507-514. [5] Carette, G., Bilodeau, A., Chevrier, R.L. and Malhotra, V.M. (1993) Mechanicalproperties of Concrete Incorporating High Volumes of Fly Ash from Sources in the U.S. ACI Material Journal, 90, 535-544. [6] (2014) Using Fly Ash in Concrete.
http://precast.org/ [7] Wild, S., Khatib, J.M. and Jones, A. (1996) Relative Strength, Pozzolanic Activity and Cement Hydration in Superplasticized Metakaolin Concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 26, 1537-1544.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(96)00148-2 [8] Bhimani, P. and Vyas, C.M. (2013) Performance of Concrete with China Clay (Kaolin) Waste. International Journal of Latest Trends in Engineering and Technology (IJLTET), 2, 49-54. [9] Hwang, C.L., Lee L.S. and Lin, F.Y. (1996) Densified Mixture Design Algorithm and Early Properties of High Performance Concrete. Journal of the Chinese Institute of Civil Engineering and Hydraulic Engineering, 8, 217-229. [10] Tanaka, H., Wingnarajah, S., Sugimoto, K., Ukida, K. and Ishii, M. (1992) Characteristics of Concrete Incorporating Sorted Fly Ash. 4th CANMET/ACI International Conference on the Use of Fly Ash, Silica Fume, Slag and Natural Pozzolans in Concrete, Istanbul, 971-986. [11] Ardani, A. (2012) Evaluation of High-Volume, Fly Ash Mixtures (Paste and Mortar Components) Using a Dynamic Shear Rheometer and an Isothermal Calorimeter. FHWA Publication No. FHWA-HRT-12-062, NTIS Accession No. PB2012-112546, HRDI-10, (202) 493-3422.