Back
 AJPS  Vol.5 No.21 , October 2014
Performance of Different Cultivars in Direct Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa L.) with Various Seeding Densities
Asif Ameen1,2, Zubair Aslam1*, Qamar Uz Zaman1, Ehsanullah  1, Shahid Ibne Zamir1, Imran Khan1, Muhammad Junaid Subhani3
Show more
Abstract: Optimum seeding density is necessary to achieve the production potential of a cultivar in all crops. To investigate the performance of different cultivars in direct seeded rice in response to various seeding densities, a field experiment was conducted at Agronomic Research Area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad during the kharif 2012. Super basmati (fine rice) and KSK-133 (coarse rice) were sown using seeding densities of 30, 45, 60 and 75 kg·ha-1. Results indicated that leaf area index and crop growth rate varied among rice cultivars as well as various seeding densities. The growth of rice at seeding density of 75 kg·ha-1 was higher than rest of treatments. The response of rice yield and its components like number of productive tillers, number of kernels per panicle and 1000-kernal weight differed significantly under the influence of cultivars and various seeding densities. Seeding density of 75 kg·ha-1 remained superior for both rice cultivars regarding final yield. This treatment furnished kernel yields of 3.83 and 5.49 t·ha-1 in fine and coarse rice, respectively which were significantly higher than other treatments. However, Kernel quality was improved in terms of lower number of sterile and chalky kernels at lower seeding densities (30 kg·ha-1). Based on these findings, it is concluded that using seeding density of 75 kg·ha-1 for direct seeded fine and coarse rice cultivars is beneficial in terms of better growth and higher yield but kernel quality is reduced by increasing the seeding density.
Keywords: Seeding Density, Direct Seeded Rice, Leaf Area Index, Kernel Quality
Cite this paper: Ameen, A. , Aslam, Z. , Zaman, Q. ,  , E. , Zamir, S. , Khan, I. and Subhani, M. (2014) Performance of Different Cultivars in Direct Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa L.) with Various Seeding Densities. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 5, 3119-3128. doi: 10.4236/ajps.2014.521328.
References

[1]   Bhambhro, S.A. (2001) Plant Hopper a Serious Threat to Rice Crop in Upper Sindh. The Daily Dawn. Economic and Business Review, III.

[2]   Anonymous (2009) Biology of Rice. Series of Crop Specific Biology Documents. Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India, 1-2.

[3]   Anonymous (2012) Pakistan Economic Survey, 2011-12. Economic Advisor’s Wing, Finance Division, Islamabad, 20-21.

[4]   Gill, M.A. and Rehman, H.M.U. (2002) Parachute Rice Transplanting Technology: An Economical Alternative to a Traditional Practice. Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, on Farm Water Management, Rice-Wheat Consortium for the Indo-Gangetic Plains. Facilitated by Block, C.G., National Agriculture Science Centre (NASC) Complex, DPS Marg, Pusa Campus, New Delhi.

[5]   Khaliq, A. and Matloob, A. (2011) Weed Crop Competition Period in Three Fine Rice Cultivars under Direct Seeded Rice Culture. Pakistan Journal of Weed Science Research, 17, 229-243.

[6]   Hashimoto, Y., Izumida, M., Sakal, R., Otsaki and Hanayama, H. (1978) Results of Experiments on Sowing of Paddy Rice Using Machines in Cooperation with Farmers. Proceedings of Crop Science Society of Japan, 26, 35-38.

[7]   Ahmad, S., Hussain, A., Aki, H. and Ahmad, A. (2005) Transplanted Fine Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Productivity as Affected by Plant Density and Irrigation Regimes. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 7, 445-447.

[8]   Janoria, M.P. (1989) A Basic Plant Ideoptype for Rice. International Rice Research Newsletter, 14, 12-13.

[9]   Akbar, N. and Ehsanullah (2004) Agro-Qualitative Responses of Direct Seeded Fine Rice to Different Seeding Densities. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Science, 41, 1-2.

[10]   Chaudhry, A.M. and Iqbal, M.S. (1986) Production Technology for Basmati-385. Progressive Farming, 16, 17-24.

[11]   Miller, B.C., Hill, J.E. and Roberts, S.R. (1991) Plant Population Effects on Growth and Yield in Water Seeded Rice. Agronomy Journal, 83, 291-297. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj1991.00021962008300020006x

[12]   Uzun, A., Bilgili, U., Sincik, M. and Acikgoz, E. (2004) Effects of Seeding Rates on Yield and Yield Components of Hungarian Vetch (Vicia pannonica Crantz.). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 28, 179-182.

[13]   Steel, R.G.D., Torrie, J.H. and Dickey, D. (1997) Principles and Procedures of Statistics: A Biometrical Approach. 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill Book Co. Inc., New York, 172-177.

[14]   Hu, W.H., Qi, Y.J., Sun, M.C. and Guan, S.Y. (2000) Photosynthetic Characters of Sparsely Populated Rice. Journal of Jilin Agricultural University, 22, 11-14.

[15]   Janaki, P. and Thiyagarajan, T.M. (2005) Effect of Nitrogen Management Approaches and Planting Densities on Nitrogen Accumulation by Transplanted Rice. Acta Agronomica Hungarica, 53, 405-415.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/AAgr.53.2005.4.6

[16]   Akita, K. (1982) Effect of Plant Density on Characters, Growing Organs and Yield Components of Rice. Science Reports of Faculty of Agriculture, Vol. 15, Kobe University, Kobe, 5-21.

[17]   Sharma, A.R. (1994) Effect of Seed Rate and Row Spacing on the Performance of Early and Late Maturing Rice Cultivars in Mixed Crop Systems under Intermediate Deep Water Conditions (15 - 50 cm). Journal of Agricultural Science, 122, 201-205.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600087372

[18]   Phuong, L.T., Denich, M., Vlek, P.L.G. and Balasubramanian, V. (2005) Suppressing Weeds in Direct-Seeded Lowland Rice: Effects of Methods and Rates of Seeding. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 191, 185-194.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-037X.2005.00151.x

[19]   Chauhan, B.S., Singh, V.P., Kumar, A. and Johnson, D.E. (2011) Relations of Rice Seeding Rates to Crop and Weed Growth in Aerobic Rice. Field Crops Research, 121, 105-115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2010.11.019

[20]   Pedroso, B.A. and Mariot, C. (1986) Sowing Density and Spacing between Rows. Instituto Rio Grandense do Arroz, 165-168.

[21]   Aslam, M., Shah, S.H. and Nazir, M.S. (2002) Biological Response of Direct-Seeded Course Rice to Seeding Density and Planting Time. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 39, 12-14.

[22]   Morales, O., Avila, C. and Cruz, F. (1984) Influence of Rates of Nitrogen and Sowing Rates on Four Cultivars of Rice. Ciencia y Tecnica en la Agricultura Arroz, 7, 111-127.

[23]   Lal, S. (1986) Seed Rate for Direct Seeded Rice. Indian Farming, 36, 19-21.

 
 
Top