Experimental Study of Electric and Spectroscopic Characteristics of Electric Discharge in LPG
Author(s)
Ahmed Abd Elradi1,
Nasser N. Morgan1,2,
Sobhy Ghalab1,2,
Mansour Elsabagh1,2,
Safwat Hassaballa1,2,
Ahmed Samir1*,
Farouk F. Elakshar1,2,
Abdou A. Garamoon1,2
ABSTRACT
Electric discharge has been carried out in LPG using DC high voltage (0.4 - 3 KV) at gas pressure in the range of 1 to 25 torr. The electric and spectroscopic characteristics of the discharge were studied at different discharge conditions. Deviations from Paschen’s law were observed as a result of the change of the distance between the two the electrodes. Two discharge modes, namely glow discharge and spark discharge modes, has been observed in the discharge current waveforms. The discharge current waveforms indicate a repetitive pulsed behaviour with frequencies of 5 kHz to 5 MHz depending upon the applied voltage and the gas pressure. The emitted spectra from the discharge are also studied near both the cathode and the anode using different electrode materials. Hα line and C2 Swan band system are observed, which confirms the conversion of LPG to hydrogen and carbon clusters.
Electric discharge has been carried out in LPG using DC high voltage (0.4 - 3 KV) at gas pressure in the range of 1 to 25 torr. The electric and spectroscopic characteristics of the discharge were studied at different discharge conditions. Deviations from Paschen’s law were observed as a result of the change of the distance between the two the electrodes. Two discharge modes, namely glow discharge and spark discharge modes, has been observed in the discharge current waveforms. The discharge current waveforms indicate a repetitive pulsed behaviour with frequencies of 5 kHz to 5 MHz depending upon the applied voltage and the gas pressure. The emitted spectra from the discharge are also studied near both the cathode and the anode using different electrode materials. Hα line and C2 Swan band system are observed, which confirms the conversion of LPG to hydrogen and carbon clusters.
KEYWORDS
Liquefied Petroleum Gas, Electric Discharge, Hydrogen Production, Propane Decomposition, Butane Decomposition
Liquefied Petroleum Gas, Electric Discharge, Hydrogen Production, Propane Decomposition, Butane Decomposition
Cite this paper
Elradi, A. , Morgan, N. , Ghalab, S. , Elsabagh, M. , Hassaballa, S. , Samir, A. , Elakshar, F. and Garamoon, A. (2014) Experimental Study of Electric and Spectroscopic Characteristics of Electric Discharge in LPG. Journal of Modern Physics, 5, 1450-1458. doi: 10.4236/jmp.2014.515146.
Elradi, A. , Morgan, N. , Ghalab, S. , Elsabagh, M. , Hassaballa, S. , Samir, A. , Elakshar, F. and Garamoon, A. (2014) Experimental Study of Electric and Spectroscopic Characteristics of Electric Discharge in LPG. Journal of Modern Physics, 5, 1450-1458. doi: 10.4236/jmp.2014.515146.
References
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[1] Qi, D.H., Bian, Y.ZH., Ma, ZH.Y., Xhang, CH.H. and Liu, SH.Q. (2007) Energy Conversion and Management, 48, 500-509.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2006.06.013 [2] Zhang, C.H., Bian, Y.Z., Si, L.Z., Liao, J.Z. and Odbileg, N. (2005) Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 219, 207-213.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440705X6470 [3] Capezzuto, P., Cramarossa, F., D’agostino, R. and Molinari, E. (1977) The Decomposition of Methane, Ethane, Ethylene and n-Butane in Electrical Discharges of Moderate Pressures. Contributions to Plasma Physics, 17, 205-220. [4] Lindner, P.J. and Besser, R.S. (2012) International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 37, 13338-13349.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.06.054 [5] Moshrefi, M.M., Rashidi, F., Bozorgzadeh, H.R. and Zekordi, S.M. (2012) Plasma Chem Plasma Process, 32, 1157-1168.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11090-012-9408-6 [6] Smyaglikov, I.P., Chekan, N.M., Akula, I.P., Pobol, I.L. and Rajczyk, J. (2013) Vacuum, 90, 165-169.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2012.03.044 [7] Auday, G., Guillot, Ph. and Galy, J. (2000) Journal of Applied Physics, 88, 4871-4874.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1290461 [8] Garamoon, A.A., Samir, A., Elakshar, F.F. and Kotp, E.F. (2003) Plasma Sources Science and Technology, 12, 417-420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0963-0252/12/3/317 [9] Lisovskiy, V.A., Yakoven, S.D. and Yegorenkov, V.D. (2000) Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 33, 2722-2730.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/33/21/310 [10] El-Zeer, D.M., Samir, A., Elakshar, F.F. and Garamoon, A.A. (2013) Journal of Modern Physics, 4, 160-167.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jmp.2013.42022 [11] Von Engel, A. (1983) Electric Plasma the Nature and Uses. Tayler and Frances Ltd., London and New York. [12] Agira, L.A. and Trionfetti, C. (2007) Kinetic Model Analysis of C3H8 Plasma for Olefin Synthesis in Microplasma Reactors. 28th ICPIG, Prague, 15 July 2007, 260. [13] Young, N.C. (2006) Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 12, 552-557. [14] Muradov, N. (2000) Thermocatalytic CO2-Free Production of Hydrogen from Hydrocarbon Fuels. Proceedings of the 2000 Hydrogen Program Review, NREL/CP-570-28890. [15] Malaibari, Z. (2011) Hydrogen Production from Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) by Oxidative Steam Reforming Over Bimetallic Catalysts. Doctor of Philosophy in Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo. [16] Hammer, Th., Kappes, Th. and Baldauf, M. (2004) Catalysis Today, 89, 5-14.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2003.11.001 [17] Nozaki, T., Muto, N., Kado, S. and Okazaki, K. (2004) Catalysis Today, 89, 57-65.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2003.11.040 [18] Griem, H.R. (1964) Plasma Spectroscopy. McGraw-Hill, New York.