Clinical Evaluation and Orodental Status in a Group of Elderly Institutionalised Patients
Author(s)
Massimo Corsalini*,
Daniela Di Venere,
Gianluca Stefanachi,
Silvio Tafuri,
Francesco Pettini
Affiliation(s)
Department of Odontostomatology and Surgery, University of Bari, Bari, Italy. Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
Department of Odontostomatology and Surgery, University of Bari, Bari, Italy. Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
ABSTRACT
10% of elderly patients are functionally dependents and they therefore need permanent assistance. Orodental alterations may evolve into a pathological state in elderly people, which is increasing in the recent decades. The current study analysed institutionalized patients in the district of Bari (Southern Italy), who have been so far monitored. We assessed 125 elderly institutionalized patients. The assessment has been carried out by an assessment questionnaire aiming at evaluating the patient’s psychophysical health status, objective intraoral test and prosthetic rehabilitations. About 90% of enrolled patients reported a good general health status. The main dental problems are due to the complete lack of specific prevention and treatment programs, together with handicap, presence of systemic diseases and medicines taken. The level of oral hygiene is poor and the conditions of the residual dental elements are precarious because of root caries and periodontal problems. Prostheses are usually old (on average 15) and appear scarcely retentive and unstable. We believe in the need for specific interventions aiming at the various issues emerging from the present study, so as to achieve a smaller prevalence of dental loss, periodontal disease and caries. These relatively simple interventions are now lacking because of the non-demand of treatment from patients and for economical reasons.
Cite this paper
Corsalini, M. , Venere, D. , Stefanachi, G. , Tafuri, S. and Pettini, F. (2014) Clinical Evaluation and Orodental Status in a Group of Elderly Institutionalised Patients. Advances in Aging Research, 3, 199-207. doi: 10.4236/aar.2014.33028.
Corsalini, M. , Venere, D. , Stefanachi, G. , Tafuri, S. and Pettini, F. (2014) Clinical Evaluation and Orodental Status in a Group of Elderly Institutionalised Patients. Advances in Aging Research, 3, 199-207. doi: 10.4236/aar.2014.33028.
References
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(71)90070-9 [2] Pfeiffer, E. (1975) A Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire for the Assessment of Organic Brain Deficit in Elderly Patients. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 23, 433-441. [3] Yesavage, J.A., Brink, T.L., Rose, T.L. Lum, O., Huang, V., Adey, M. and Leirer, V.O. (1983) Development and Validation of a Geriatric Depression Screening Scale: A Preliminary Report. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 17, 37-49.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3956(82)90033-4 [4] Katz, T.F. (1963) A.D.L. Activities of Daily Living. Journal of American Medical Association, 185, 914-919.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1963.03060120024016 [5] Buysse, D.J., Reynolds, C.F., Monk, T.H., Berman, S.R. and Kupfer, D.J. (1989) The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: A New Instrument for Psychiatric Practice and Research. Psychiatry Research, 28, 193-213.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4 [6] Ferreira, L.S., Nascimento, L.F. and Marucci, M.F. (2008) Use of the Mini Nutritional Assessment Tool in Elderly People from Long-Term Institutions of Southeast of Brazil. The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging, 12, 213-217. [7] Katz, R.V., Neely, A.L. and Morse, D.E. (1996) The Epidemiology of Oral Diseases in Older Adults. In: Holm-Pedersen, P. and Loe, H., Eds., Textbook of Geriatric Dentisty, Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 263-301. [8] Helkimo, E., Carlsson, G.E. and Helkimo, M. (1977) Bite Force and State of Dentition. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 35, 297-303.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00016357709064128 [9] Bakke, M., Holm, B., Jensen, B.L., Michler, L. and Möller, E. (1990) Unilateral, Isometric Bite Force in 8 68-Year-Old Women and Man Related to Occlusal Factors. Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research, 98, 149-158. [10] Kossioni, A.E., Kossionis, G.E. and Polychronopoulou, A. (2012) Oral Health Status of Elderly Hospitalised Psychiatric Patients. Gerodontology, 29, 272-283.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-2358.2012.00633.x [11] Ettinger, R.L. (1996) Oral Health Care Programs for Homebound People, Nursing Home Residents and Elderly in Patients. In: Holm-Pedersen, P. and Loe, H., Eds., Textbook of Geriatric Dentistry, Munksgaard, Copenaghen, 536-560. [12] Stuck, A.E., Chappuis, C., Flury, H. and Lang, N.P. (1989) Dental Treatment Needs in a Elderly Population Referred to a Geriatric Hospital in Switzerland. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 17, 267-272.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1989.tb00631.x [13] Vigild, M. (1989) Dental Caries and the Need for Treatment among Institutionalised Elderly. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 17, 102-105.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1989.tb00598.x [14] Vigild, M. (1987) Oral Mucosal Lesions among Institutionalized Elderly in Denmark. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 15, 309-313.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1987.tb01741.x [15] Wilkiesen, C., Samaranayake, L.P., MacFarlane, W., Lamey, P-J. and MacKenzie, D. (1991) Oral Candidosis in the Elderly in Long Term Hospital Care. Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine, 20, 13-16.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1991.tb00880.x [16] Budz-Jorgensen, E., Mojon, P., Rentsch, A., Roehrich, N., von der Muehll, D. and Baehni, P. (1996) Caries Prevalence and Associated Predisposing Conditions in Recently Hospitalized Elderly Persons. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 54, 251-256.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00016359609003533 [17] Vigild, M. (1987) Denture Status and Need for Prosthodontic Treatment among Institutionalised Elderly in Denmark. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 15, 128-133.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1987.tb00499.x [18] Corsalini, M., Grassi, R., Di Venere, D., Carella, M., Caprio, S. and Covelli, M. (2004) Prosthetic Rehabilitation of Edentulous Patients after Stroke. Minerva Stomatologica, 53, 101-109. [19] Schimmel, M., Leemann, B., Christou, P., Kiliaridis, S., Schnider, A., Herrmann, F.R. and Müller, F. (2011) Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Hospitalised Stroke Patients. Gerodontology, 28, 3-11.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-2358.2009.00330.x [20] Sjögren, P. (2011) Hospitalisation Associated with a Deterioration in Oral Health. Evidence-Based Dentistry, 12, 48.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ebd.6400793 [21] Corsalini, M., Rapone, B., Grassi, F.R. and Di Venere, D. (2010) A Study on Oral Rehabilitation in Stroke Patients: Analysis of a Group of 33 Patients. Gerodontology, 27, 178-182. [22] Vigild, M. (1990) Oral health in Institutionalized Elderly. Tandlaegebladet, 94, 168-194. [23] Henry, R.G. and Geridan, B. (1994) Delivering Dental Care to Nursing Home and Homebound Patients. Dental Clinics of North America, 38, 537-551. [24] Buds-Jorgensen, E. (1990) Etiology, Pathogenesis, Therapy, and Prophylaxis of Oral Yeast Infections. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 48, 61-69.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00016359009012735 [25] Peltola, P., Vehkalahti, M.M. and Simoila, R. (2007) Effects of 11-Month Interventions on Oral Cleanliness among the Long-Term Hospitalised Elderly. Gerodontology, 24, 14-21.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-2358.2007.00147.x [26] Huskinson, W. and Lloyd, H. (2009) Oral Health in Hospitalised Patients: Assessment and Hygiene. Nursing Standard, 23, 43-47.
http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns2009.05.23.36.43.c6969
[1] Atwood, D.S. and Coy W.A. (1971) Clinical, Cephlalometric and Densitometric Study of Reduction of the Residual Ridges. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 26, 280-295
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(71)90070-9 [2] Pfeiffer, E. (1975) A Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire for the Assessment of Organic Brain Deficit in Elderly Patients. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 23, 433-441. [3] Yesavage, J.A., Brink, T.L., Rose, T.L. Lum, O., Huang, V., Adey, M. and Leirer, V.O. (1983) Development and Validation of a Geriatric Depression Screening Scale: A Preliminary Report. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 17, 37-49.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3956(82)90033-4 [4] Katz, T.F. (1963) A.D.L. Activities of Daily Living. Journal of American Medical Association, 185, 914-919.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1963.03060120024016 [5] Buysse, D.J., Reynolds, C.F., Monk, T.H., Berman, S.R. and Kupfer, D.J. (1989) The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: A New Instrument for Psychiatric Practice and Research. Psychiatry Research, 28, 193-213.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4 [6] Ferreira, L.S., Nascimento, L.F. and Marucci, M.F. (2008) Use of the Mini Nutritional Assessment Tool in Elderly People from Long-Term Institutions of Southeast of Brazil. The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging, 12, 213-217. [7] Katz, R.V., Neely, A.L. and Morse, D.E. (1996) The Epidemiology of Oral Diseases in Older Adults. In: Holm-Pedersen, P. and Loe, H., Eds., Textbook of Geriatric Dentisty, Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 263-301. [8] Helkimo, E., Carlsson, G.E. and Helkimo, M. (1977) Bite Force and State of Dentition. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 35, 297-303.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00016357709064128 [9] Bakke, M., Holm, B., Jensen, B.L., Michler, L. and Möller, E. (1990) Unilateral, Isometric Bite Force in 8 68-Year-Old Women and Man Related to Occlusal Factors. Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research, 98, 149-158. [10] Kossioni, A.E., Kossionis, G.E. and Polychronopoulou, A. (2012) Oral Health Status of Elderly Hospitalised Psychiatric Patients. Gerodontology, 29, 272-283.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-2358.2012.00633.x [11] Ettinger, R.L. (1996) Oral Health Care Programs for Homebound People, Nursing Home Residents and Elderly in Patients. In: Holm-Pedersen, P. and Loe, H., Eds., Textbook of Geriatric Dentistry, Munksgaard, Copenaghen, 536-560. [12] Stuck, A.E., Chappuis, C., Flury, H. and Lang, N.P. (1989) Dental Treatment Needs in a Elderly Population Referred to a Geriatric Hospital in Switzerland. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 17, 267-272.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1989.tb00631.x [13] Vigild, M. (1989) Dental Caries and the Need for Treatment among Institutionalised Elderly. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 17, 102-105.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1989.tb00598.x [14] Vigild, M. (1987) Oral Mucosal Lesions among Institutionalized Elderly in Denmark. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 15, 309-313.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1987.tb01741.x [15] Wilkiesen, C., Samaranayake, L.P., MacFarlane, W., Lamey, P-J. and MacKenzie, D. (1991) Oral Candidosis in the Elderly in Long Term Hospital Care. Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine, 20, 13-16.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1991.tb00880.x [16] Budz-Jorgensen, E., Mojon, P., Rentsch, A., Roehrich, N., von der Muehll, D. and Baehni, P. (1996) Caries Prevalence and Associated Predisposing Conditions in Recently Hospitalized Elderly Persons. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 54, 251-256.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00016359609003533 [17] Vigild, M. (1987) Denture Status and Need for Prosthodontic Treatment among Institutionalised Elderly in Denmark. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 15, 128-133.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1987.tb00499.x [18] Corsalini, M., Grassi, R., Di Venere, D., Carella, M., Caprio, S. and Covelli, M. (2004) Prosthetic Rehabilitation of Edentulous Patients after Stroke. Minerva Stomatologica, 53, 101-109. [19] Schimmel, M., Leemann, B., Christou, P., Kiliaridis, S., Schnider, A., Herrmann, F.R. and Müller, F. (2011) Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Hospitalised Stroke Patients. Gerodontology, 28, 3-11.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-2358.2009.00330.x [20] Sjögren, P. (2011) Hospitalisation Associated with a Deterioration in Oral Health. Evidence-Based Dentistry, 12, 48.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ebd.6400793 [21] Corsalini, M., Rapone, B., Grassi, F.R. and Di Venere, D. (2010) A Study on Oral Rehabilitation in Stroke Patients: Analysis of a Group of 33 Patients. Gerodontology, 27, 178-182. [22] Vigild, M. (1990) Oral health in Institutionalized Elderly. Tandlaegebladet, 94, 168-194. [23] Henry, R.G. and Geridan, B. (1994) Delivering Dental Care to Nursing Home and Homebound Patients. Dental Clinics of North America, 38, 537-551. [24] Buds-Jorgensen, E. (1990) Etiology, Pathogenesis, Therapy, and Prophylaxis of Oral Yeast Infections. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 48, 61-69.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00016359009012735 [25] Peltola, P., Vehkalahti, M.M. and Simoila, R. (2007) Effects of 11-Month Interventions on Oral Cleanliness among the Long-Term Hospitalised Elderly. Gerodontology, 24, 14-21.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-2358.2007.00147.x [26] Huskinson, W. and Lloyd, H. (2009) Oral Health in Hospitalised Patients: Assessment and Hygiene. Nursing Standard, 23, 43-47.
http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns2009.05.23.36.43.c6969