References
[1] Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) (1994) Executive Summary: Human Wildlife Conflicts in Kenya. Kenya Wildlife Service, Nairobi.
[2] Woodroffe, R. (2000) Predators and People: Using Human Densities to Interpret Declines of Large Carnivores. Animal Conservation, 3, 165-173.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1795.2000.tb00241.x
[3] Patterson, B.D., Kasiki, S.M., Selempo, E. and Kays, R.W. (2004) Livestock Predation by Lions (Panthera leo) and other Carnivores on Ranches Neighboring Tsavo National Parks, Kenya. Biological Conservation, 119, 507-516.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2004.01.013
[4] Maclennan, S., Groom, R., Macdonald, D.W. and Frank, L. (2009) Evaluation of Compensation Scheme to Bring about Pastoralist Tolerance of Lions. Biological Conservation, 14, 2419-2427.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2008.12.003
[5] Norton-Griffiths, M. and Southey, C. (1995) The Opportunity Costs of Biodiversity Conservation in Kenya. Ecological Economics, 12, 125-139.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-8009(94)00041-S
[6] Newmark, W.D. (1994) The Conflicts Between Wildlife and Local People Living Adjacent to Protected Areas in Tanzania: Human Density as a Predictor. Conservation Biology, 8, 249-255.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1994.08010249.x
[7] Frank, L.G. (2004) Living with Lions: Carnivore Conservation and Livestock in Laikipia District, Kenya. Biological Conservation, 119, 507-516.
[8] Kimani, K. and Pickard, J. (1998) Recent Trends and Implications of Group Ranch Sub-Division and Fragmentation in Kajiado District, Kenya. The Geographical Journal, 164, 202-218.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3060370
[9] Okello, M.M. and Kiringe, J.W. (2004) Threats to Biodiversity and Their Implications in Protected and Adjacent Dispersal Areas of Kenya. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 12, 55-69.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09669580408667224
[10] Hazzah, L., Mulder, M.B. and Frank, L. (2009) Lions and Warriors: Social Factors Underlying Declining African Lion Populations and the Effect of Incentive—Based Management in Kenya. Biological Conservation, 142, 2428-2437.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2009.06.006
[11] Gowdy, M.J. (1997) The Value of Biodiversity: Markets, Society, and Ecosystems. Land Economics, 73, 25-41.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3147075
[12] Wishitemi, B.E.L. and Okello, M.M. (2003) Application of the Protected Landscape Model in Southern Kenya. Parks, 13, 12-21.
[13] Morell, V. (1993) Surrounded! Civilization Is Encroaching on Nairobi National Park (Nairobi Wild Side). International Wildlife, 27, 38-44.
[14] Newmark, W.D. (1993) The Role and Designing of Wildlife Corridors and Examples From Tanzania. Ambio, 22, 500-504.
[15] Newmark, W.D. (1996) Insularization of Tanzanian Parks and the Local Extinction of Large Mammals. Conservation Biology, 10, 1549-1556.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1996.10061549.x
[16] Stuart-Hill, G. and Grossman, D. (1993) Parks, Profits and Professionalism: Lion Return to Pilanesberg. African Wildlife, 47, 267.
[17] Graham, O. (1989) A Land Divided: The Impact of Ranching on a Pastoral Society. Ecologist, 19, 184-185.
[18] Hackel, J.D. (1998) Community Conservation and the Future of Africa’s Wildlife. Conservation Biology, 13, 726-734.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.98210.x
[19] Ferraro, P.J. and Kiss, A. (2000) Direct Paymentst to Conserve Biodiversity. Science, 298, 1718-1719.
[20] Okello, M.M., Seno, S.S. and Wishtemi, B.B. (2003) Maasai Community Wildlife Sanctuaries in Tsavo-Amboseli, Kenya. Parks, 13, 62-75.
[21] Campbell, D.J., Gichohi, H., Mwangi, A. and Chege, L. (2000) Land Use Conflict in Kajiado District, Kenya. Land Use Policy, 17, 337-348.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0264-8377(00)00038-7
[22] Mizutani, F. (1993) Home Range of Leopards and Their Impact on Livestock on Kenyan Ranches. In: Dunstone, N. and Gorman, M.L., Eds., Mammals as Predator, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 425-439.
[23] Butler, J.R.A. (2000) The Economic Costs of Wildlife Predation on Livestock in Gokwe Communal Land, Zimbabwe. African Journal of Ecology, 38, 23-30.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2028.2000.00209.x
[24] Kerbis, A., Peterhans, J.C. and Gnoske, T.P. (2002) The Science of Man-Eating among Lions Panthera Leo with Reconstruction of the Natural History of the Man-Eaters of Tsavo. Journal of East African Natural History, 90, 1-40.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2982/0012-8317(2001)90[1:TSOMAL]2.0.CO;2
[25] Hazzah, L., Dolrenry, S., Kaplan, D. and Frank, L. (2013) The Influence of Park Access during Drought on the Attitudes towards Wildlife and Lion Killing Behavior in Maasailand, Kenya. Environmental Conservation, 40, 266-276.
[26] Galaty, J.G. (1992 This Land Is Yours: Social and Economic Factors in the Privatization, Subdivision and Sale of Maasai Ranches. Nomadic Peoples, 30, 26-40.
[27] Western, D. (1975) Water Availability and Its Influence on the Structure and Dynamics of a Savannah Large Mammal Community. East African Wildlife Journal, 13, 265-286.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.1975.tb00139.x
[28] Rudnai, J. (1979) Ecology of Lions in Nairobi National Park and the Adjoining Kitengela Conservation Unit in Kenya. African Journal of Ecology, 17, 85-95.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.1979.tb00460.x
[29] Ntiati, P. (2002) Group Ranches Subdivision Study in Loitokitok Division of Kajiado District, Kenya. Lucid Working Paper Series, 7, 1-26.
[30] Irigia, B.K. (1995) Kenya Wildlife Service Environmental Impact Assessment of the Proposed Kimana Wildlife Sanctuary. Community Wildlife Service, KWS, Nairobi, 29.
[31] Gachimbi, L.N. (2002) Technical Report of Soil Survey and Sampling: Loitokitok Division, Kajiado District. LUCID Working Paper Series, 10, 1-22.
[32] Okello, M.M. (2009) Contraction of Wildlife Dispersal Area and Displacement by Human Activities in Kimana Group Ranch near Amboseli N. Park. The Open Conservation Biology Journal, 3, 49-56.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874839200903010049
[33] Zar, J.H. (1999) Biostatistical Analysis. 4th Editon, Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River.
[34] Estes, R.D. (1997) The Behavior Guide to African Mammals. Russel Friedman Books.
[35] Kiringe, J.W. and Okello, M.M. (2005) Use and Availability of Tree and Shrub Resources on Maasai Communal Rangelands near Amboseli, Kenya. African Journal of Range and Forage Science, 22, 37-46.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/10220110509485860
[36] Maclennan, S.D., Groom, R.J., Macdonald, D.W. and Frank, L.G. (2009) Evaluation of Compensation Scheme to Bring about Pastoralist Tolerance of Lions. Biological Conservation.
[37] Ogutu, J.O. (1994) Test of a Call-In Technique for Estimating Lion (Panthera leo, Linnaeus 1758) Population Size in the Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya. M.Phil. Thesis, Department of Wildlife Management, Moi University, Eldoret.