A. I. Bozhkov^*, M. K. Kovaleva, N. G. Menzyanova, Y. A. Kuznetsova

Show more
Research Institute of Biology, V.N. Karazin Kharkov National University, 4, Svobody Sq., Kharkov, Ukraine.
Show less

Abstract: Two sublines of microalgae Dunaliella viridis Teodor. were obtained: CuS—a subline sensitive to toxic concentration of copper ions and CuR—a subline resistant to toxic concentration of copper ions. The chronological aging of cultures was revealed in increase of DNA (polyploidization) and triacylglycerols (TAG) content in microalgae cells. The adaptation of D. viridis to toxic concentrations of copper ions resulted in formation of an adaptive epygenotype characterized by increased content of carbonylated proteins and decreased content of proline compared to the CuS-subline. The adaptation of D. viridis to toxic concentrations of copper ions resulted in the increase of the rate of chronological aging compared to the CuS-subline. Four subcultures with different rates of transplanting were obtained from each subline. The rate of replicative aging was shown to be dependent on the rate of chronological aging of subcultures (passage rate). The pre-adaptation of D. viridis to toxic concentrations of copper ions was accompanied by increase of accumulation rate of TAG and DNA in cells, which was interpreted as a sign of cellular aging during the progressive passages of the algae culture.

Keywords: Microalgae Dunaliella viridis, Adaptation to Copper Ions, Chronological and Replicative Aging, Epigenotype

Cite this paper: Bozhkov, A. , Kovaleva, M. , Menzyanova, N. and Kuznetsova, Y. (2014) The Rate of Aging of the Dunaliella viridis Teodor. Culture Depends on the Algae Pre-Adaptation to Copper Sulfate Toxic Effect. Advances in Aging Research, 3, 187-198. doi: 10.4236/aar.2014.32027.

References

[1]   Pérez, C., Navarro, A., Martínez, E., Ordóñez, C., Del Valle, E. and Tolivia, J. (2012) Age-Related Changes of Apolipoprotein D Expression in Female Rat Central Nervous System with Chronic Estradiol Treatment. Age (Dordr), 34, 895-904.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11357-011-9286-5

[2]   Ruan, Q.W., Yu, Z.W., Bao, Z.J. and Ma, Y.X. (2013) The Relationship between the Polymorphism of Immunity Genes and Both Aging and Age-Related Diseases. Yi Chuan, 35, 813-822.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1005.2013.00813

[3]   Wang, C.H., Wu, S.B., Wu, Y.T. and Wei, Y.H. (2013) Oxidative Stress Response Elicited by Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Implication in the Pathophysiology of Aging. Experimental Biology and Medicine (Maywood), 238, 450-460.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1535370213493069

[4]   Kanawa, M., Igarashi, A., Ronald, V.S., Higashi, Y., Kurihara, H., Sugiyama, M., Saskianti, T., Pan, H. and Kato, Y. (2013) Age-Dependent Decrease in the Chondrogenic Potential of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Expanded with Fibroblast Growth Factor-2. Cytotherapy, S1465-S3249.

[5]   Guang, L.G., Boskey, A.L. and Zhu, W. (2013) Age-Related CXC Chemokine Receptor-4-Deficiency Impairs Osteogenic Differentiation Potency of Mouse Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Stem Cells. The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, 45, 1813-1820.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2013.05.034

[6]   Salvioli, S., Monti, D., Lanzarini, C., Conte, M., Pirazzini, C., et al. (2013) Immune System, Cell Senescence, Aging and Longevity-Inflamm-Aging Reappraised. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 19, 1675-1679.

[7]   Domann, F.E. (2013) Aberrant Free Radical Biology Is a Unifying Theme in the Etiology and Pathogenesis of Major Human Diseases. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 14, 8491-8495.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms14048491

[8]   Koltover, V.K. (2009) Bioantioxidants: The Systems Reliability Standpoint. Toxicology and Industrial Health, 25, 295-299.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748233709103029

[9]   Koltover, V.K. (1997) Reliability Concept as a Trend in Biophysics of Aging. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 184, 157-163.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jtbi.1996.0247

[10]   Bozhkov, A.I. and Menzyanova, N.G. (2009) Calorie Restricted Diet Induces Alternative Pathways of Lipid Metabolism for Support of Proliferative Processes in Regenerating Liver. Advances in Gerontology, 22, 440-447.

[11]   Bozhkov, A.I., Dlubovskaya, V.L., Dmitriev, Iu.V., Meshaikina, N.I., Maleev, V.A. and Klimova, E.M. (2011) Supposed Role of “Metabolic Memory” in Formation of Response Reaction to Stress-Factors in Young and Adult Organisms. Advances in Gerontology, 1, 63-71.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S2079057011010048

[12]   Davydov, V.V., Dobaeva, N.M. and Bozhkov, A.I. (2004) Possible Role of Alteration of Aldehyde’s Scavenger Enzymes during Aging. Experimental Gerontology, 39, 11-16.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2003.08.009

[13]   Bozhkov, A.I., Dlubovskaya, V.L., Maleev, V.A., Dmitriev, Iu.V. and Beletskaya, L.B. (2006) The Growth Constraining Diet Causes Various Strategy of Adaptation in Young and Adult Animals. Advances in Gerontology, 19, 36-43.

[14]   Bozhkov, A.I. (2001) A Low-Calories Diet as a Model of Life Span Expansion and Study of Mechanisms of Aging. Advances in Gerontology, 8, 89-99.

[15]   Posudin, Yu.I., Massjuk, N.P. and Lilitskaya, G.G. (2004) Effect of Ultraviolet Radiation on Photomovement of Two Species of Dunaliella Teod. International Journal on Algae, 6, 61-73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/InterJAlgae.v6.i1.70

[16]   Bozhkov, A.I., Kovaleva, M.K. and Menzyanova, N.G. (2011) Is it Possible to “Cancel” Aging Process of Cell Cultures under Optimal Conditions for Cultivation? Advances in Gerontology, 24, 26-37.

[17]   Spirin, A.S. (1958) Spectrophotometric Determination of Total Nucleic Acids. Biokhimiya, 23, 656-662.

[18]   Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L. and Randall, R.J. (1951) Protein Measurement with the Folin Phenol Reagent. Journal of Biological Chemisry, 193, 265-275.

[19]   Levine, R.L., Garland, C.N., Oliver, C.N., et al. (1990) Determination of Carbonyl Content in Oxidatively Modified Proteins. Methods in Enzymology, 186, 464-478.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0076-6879(90)86141-H

[20]   Bates, L.S., Waldren, R.P. and Teare, I.D. (1973) Rapid Determination of Free Proline for Water-Stress Studies. Plant and Soil, 39, 205-207.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00018060

[21]   Kovaleva, M.K., Menzyanova, N.G., Jain, A., Yadav, A., Flora, S.J.S. and Bozhkov, A.I. (2012) Effect of Hormesis in Dunaliella viridis Teodor. (Chlorophyta) under the Influence of Copper Sulfate. International Journal on Algae, 14, 44-61.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/InterJAlgae.v14.i1.40

[22]   Bozhkov, A.I., Menzyanova, N.G., Sedova, K.V. and Goltvyanskiy, A.V. (2011) The Influence of High Temperature on Cells of Dunaliella viridis (Teod.) (Chlorophyta) Sensitive and Resistant to Copper Ions. International Journal on Algae, 13, 203-222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/InterJAlgae.v13.i3.10

[23]   Rejeb, K.B., Abdelly, C. and Savouré, A. (2012) Proline, a Multifunctional Amino-Acid Involved in Plant Adaptation to Environmental Constraints. Biologie Aujourd’hui, 206, 291-299.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2012030