Synthesis and Characterization of Nitrosonaphthol Dyes Based on 1-Naphthol and Their Dyeing Properties on Tanned Leather
Affiliation(s)
Department of Textile Science and Technology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
Department of Textile Science and Technology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Nitrosonaphthol dyes and other corresponding analogues were synthesised from 1-Naphthol. The dyes were applied onto chrome and vegetable tanned leather upon characterization. The results indicate that the dye bath exhaustion was better on chrome tanned leather than on vegetable tanned leather. This may be attributed to the chelating effect of chrome on leather and the higher temperature of dyeing the chrome tanned leather compared with the vegetable tanned leather. The fastness properties of the dyes of washing ranging from (3 - 5), perspiration on acid (4 - 5), alkaline (4 - 5) and light (4 - 7) were impressive on both vegetable and chrome tanned leather respectively.
Nitrosonaphthol dyes and other corresponding analogues were synthesised from 1-Naphthol. The dyes were applied onto chrome and vegetable tanned leather upon characterization. The results indicate that the dye bath exhaustion was better on chrome tanned leather than on vegetable tanned leather. This may be attributed to the chelating effect of chrome on leather and the higher temperature of dyeing the chrome tanned leather compared with the vegetable tanned leather. The fastness properties of the dyes of washing ranging from (3 - 5), perspiration on acid (4 - 5), alkaline (4 - 5) and light (4 - 7) were impressive on both vegetable and chrome tanned leather respectively.
Cite this paper
Ameuru, U. , Yakubu, M. and Bello, K. (2014) Synthesis and Characterization of Nitrosonaphthol Dyes Based on 1-Naphthol and Their Dyeing Properties on Tanned Leather. Open Journal of Applied Sciences, 4, 354-359. doi: 10.4236/ojapps.2014.46032.
Ameuru, U. , Yakubu, M. and Bello, K. (2014) Synthesis and Characterization of Nitrosonaphthol Dyes Based on 1-Naphthol and Their Dyeing Properties on Tanned Leather. Open Journal of Applied Sciences, 4, 354-359. doi: 10.4236/ojapps.2014.46032.
References
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/dt9910001255 [4] Sudershan, L. and Srivastava, S.N. (1967) Journal of Chemical Education, 44, 482. [5] Baluch, D., Charalambous, J. and Haines, L.I.B. (1988) Manganese Complexes of 1,2-Naphthoquinone Mono-Oximes (2-Nitrosophenols) as Catalysts for Alkene Epoxidation. Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, 17, 1178-1179.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c39880001178 [6] Verdoorn, T.A., Johansen, T.H., Drejer, J. and Nielsen, E.O. (1994) Selective Block of Recombinant Glur6 Receptors by NS-102, a Novel Non-NMDA Receptor Antagonist. European Journal of Pharmacology: Molecular Pharmacology, 269, 43-49.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0922-4106(94)90024-8 [7] Castaldi, G., Allegrini, P., Fusco, R., Longo, L. and Malatesta, V.J. (1991) New Thermo and Photochromic 10-Methyls- piro{Dibenzo[b,f][1,4]Oxazepino-11,3’-3H-Naphtho[2,1-b]-1,4-Oxazine}. Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, 18, 1257-1258.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c39910001257 [8] Yakubu, M.K. (2000) Synthesis and Dyeing Properties of Metallisable and Nonmetallisable Acid Dyes. Unpublished Thesis Work, Department of Textile Science and Technology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. [9] Society of Leather Technologist and Chemists (SLTC) (1996) Official Methods of Analysis. Northampton. [10] Nkeonye, P.O. (1997) Fundamental Principle of Textile Dyeing, Printing and Finishing. Ahmadu Bello University Press Ltd., Zaria. [11] Silverstein, R.M. and Webster, F.X. (1997) Spectrometric Identification of Organic Compounds. 6th Edition, John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken, 12-20. [12] Ameuru, S.U. (2009) Synthesis, Characterization and the Dyeing Properties of Nitrosonaphthol Dyes on Tanned Leathers. Unpublished Thesis, Department of Textile Science and Technology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. [13] Evans, N.A. and Stapleton, I.W. (1978) Structural Factor Affecting the Light Fastness of Dyed Fibre. In: Venkataraman, K., Ed., The Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes, Vol. VIII, Academic Press, New York, Sanfrancisco, London, 227. [14] Giles, C.H., Duff, D.G. and Sinclair, R.S. (1978) Relations between the Molecular Structures of Dyes and Their Technical Properties. In: Venkataraman K., Ed., The Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes, Vol. VIII, Ademic Press, New York, Sanfrancisco, London, 294.
[1] Feeman, J.F. (1978) Leather Dyes. In: Venkataraman, K., Ed., The Chemistry of Synthesis Dyes, Vol. VIII, Academic Press, New York, Sanfrancisco, London, 39-41. [2] Klaus, H. (2003) Industrial Dyes Chemistry, Properties, Applications. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. [3] Carugo, O., Djinovic, K., Rizzi, M. and Castellani, C.B. (1991) Studies on Metal Complexes of Ortho-Quinone Monooximes. Part 9. Analysis of the Charge Distribution within the o-Quinone Monooxime Ligands through Crystallo-graphic Data. Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions, 55, 1255-1258.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/dt9910001255 [4] Sudershan, L. and Srivastava, S.N. (1967) Journal of Chemical Education, 44, 482. [5] Baluch, D., Charalambous, J. and Haines, L.I.B. (1988) Manganese Complexes of 1,2-Naphthoquinone Mono-Oximes (2-Nitrosophenols) as Catalysts for Alkene Epoxidation. Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, 17, 1178-1179.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c39880001178 [6] Verdoorn, T.A., Johansen, T.H., Drejer, J. and Nielsen, E.O. (1994) Selective Block of Recombinant Glur6 Receptors by NS-102, a Novel Non-NMDA Receptor Antagonist. European Journal of Pharmacology: Molecular Pharmacology, 269, 43-49.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0922-4106(94)90024-8 [7] Castaldi, G., Allegrini, P., Fusco, R., Longo, L. and Malatesta, V.J. (1991) New Thermo and Photochromic 10-Methyls- piro{Dibenzo[b,f][1,4]Oxazepino-11,3’-3H-Naphtho[2,1-b]-1,4-Oxazine}. Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, 18, 1257-1258.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c39910001257 [8] Yakubu, M.K. (2000) Synthesis and Dyeing Properties of Metallisable and Nonmetallisable Acid Dyes. Unpublished Thesis Work, Department of Textile Science and Technology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. [9] Society of Leather Technologist and Chemists (SLTC) (1996) Official Methods of Analysis. Northampton. [10] Nkeonye, P.O. (1997) Fundamental Principle of Textile Dyeing, Printing and Finishing. Ahmadu Bello University Press Ltd., Zaria. [11] Silverstein, R.M. and Webster, F.X. (1997) Spectrometric Identification of Organic Compounds. 6th Edition, John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken, 12-20. [12] Ameuru, S.U. (2009) Synthesis, Characterization and the Dyeing Properties of Nitrosonaphthol Dyes on Tanned Leathers. Unpublished Thesis, Department of Textile Science and Technology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. [13] Evans, N.A. and Stapleton, I.W. (1978) Structural Factor Affecting the Light Fastness of Dyed Fibre. In: Venkataraman, K., Ed., The Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes, Vol. VIII, Academic Press, New York, Sanfrancisco, London, 227. [14] Giles, C.H., Duff, D.G. and Sinclair, R.S. (1978) Relations between the Molecular Structures of Dyes and Their Technical Properties. In: Venkataraman K., Ed., The Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes, Vol. VIII, Ademic Press, New York, Sanfrancisco, London, 294.