Comparative Study of Hydrogen Electrooxidation on Gold and Platinum in Solutions Containing Perchlorate Ion
Author(s)
Alicia E. Von Mengershausen,
Norma V. Almeida,
Mariela N. Barzola,
Jorge O. Zerbino,
Sylvia M. Esquenoni,
Maria G. Sustersic*
Affiliation(s)
Facultad de Ingenieria y Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina. Comision de Investigaciones Cientificas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, La Plata, Argentina.
Facultad de Ingenieria y Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina. Comision de Investigaciones Cientificas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, La Plata, Argentina.
ABSTRACT
The electrooxidation of hydrogen on platinum and gold electrodes is comparatively described in this paper. The reaction is faster on platinum than on the gold surface, because the reactive diffuses inside of the gold metal. This process is complicated with the lift of surface reconstruction of the (100) plane, which allows the fast penetration of the H atoms through the more open surface. The diffusion limiting current is then discontinued and the current falls. On platinum, the current fall occurs simultaneously with the metal oxide formation. It is assumed that the hydrogen helps the adsorbed OH group formation, which is the first step of metal oxidation, and it has been called “incipient hydrous oxide” (IHO). Current begins to fall slowly at the (IHO) potential. At higher potential the current falls abruptly.
The electrooxidation of hydrogen on platinum and gold electrodes is comparatively described in this paper. The reaction is faster on platinum than on the gold surface, because the reactive diffuses inside of the gold metal. This process is complicated with the lift of surface reconstruction of the (100) plane, which allows the fast penetration of the H atoms through the more open surface. The diffusion limiting current is then discontinued and the current falls. On platinum, the current fall occurs simultaneously with the metal oxide formation. It is assumed that the hydrogen helps the adsorbed OH group formation, which is the first step of metal oxidation, and it has been called “incipient hydrous oxide” (IHO). Current begins to fall slowly at the (IHO) potential. At higher potential the current falls abruptly.
Cite this paper
E. Von Mengershausen, A. , V. Almeida, N. , N. Barzola, M. , O. Zerbino, J. , M. Esquenoni, S. and G. Sustersic, M. (2014) Comparative Study of Hydrogen Electrooxidation on Gold and Platinum in Solutions Containing Perchlorate Ion. Green and Sustainable Chemistry, 4, 55-59. doi: 10.4236/gsc.2014.42009.
E. Von Mengershausen, A. , V. Almeida, N. , N. Barzola, M. , O. Zerbino, J. , M. Esquenoni, S. and G. Sustersic, M. (2014) Comparative Study of Hydrogen Electrooxidation on Gold and Platinum in Solutions Containing Perchlorate Ion. Green and Sustainable Chemistry, 4, 55-59. doi: 10.4236/gsc.2014.42009.
References
[1] Neyerlin, K.C., Gu, W., Jorne, J. and Gasteiger, H.A. (2007) Study of the Exchange Current Density for the Hydrogen Oxidation and Evolution Reactions. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 154, B631-B635. [2] Bagotzky and Osetrova, N.Y. (1973) Investigation of Hydrogen Ionization on Platinum with the Help of Micro-Electrodes. Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry, 43, 233-249. [3] Gasteiger, H.A., Panels, J.E. and Yan, S.D. (2004) Dependence of PEM Fuel Cell Performance on Catalyst. Journal of Power Sources, 127, 162-171. [4] Kunimatsu, K., Uchida, H., Osawa, M. and Watanabe, M. (2006) In Situ Infrared Spctroscopic and Electrochemical Study of Hydrogen Electro-Oxidation on Pt Eletroden Sulfphuric Acid. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 587, 299-307. [5] Markovic, N.M., Grgur, B.N. and Ross, P.N. (1997) Temperature-Dependent Hydrogen Electrochemiswtry on Platinum Low-Index Single-Crystal Surfaces in Acid Solutions. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 101, 5405-5413.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp970930d [6] Markovic, N.M., Sarraf, S.T., Gasteiger, H. and Ross, P.N. (1996) Hydrogen Electrochemistry on Platinum Low-Index Single-Crystal Surfaces in Alkaline Solution. Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions, 92, 3719-3725.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/ft9969203719 [7] Maruyama, J., Inaba, M., Katakura, K., Ogumi, Z. and Takehara, Z. (1998) Influence of Nafion® Film on the Kinetics of Anodic Hydrogen Oxidation. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 447, 201-209.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0728(98)00004-7 [8] Monterroza, A. and González Tesis, J. (2006) Estudio Cinético de la Oxidación de Hidrógeno en Electrodos de Polipirrol-Platino. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Facultad de Minas, Medellín. [9] Chao, F., Costa, M. and Parsons, R. (1980) SIMS Analysis of the Distribution of Hydrogen Absorbed by Gold Electrodes during the Evolution of Hydrogen. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 115, 31-44.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0728(80)80493-1 [10] Martins, M.E., Podestá, J.J. and Arvía, A.J. (1987) Chemical Evidence of Hydrogen Sorption Processes on Potential Cycled Gold Electrodes. Electrochimica Acta, 32, 1013-1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(87)90026-0 [11] Sustersic, M.G., Zanon, T.A., Albano, S.G. and von Mengershausen, A.E. (2008) Deposición de Hidrógeno a Subpotencial Sobre Oro Policristalino y con Orientación Preferida. Información Tecnológica, 19, 49-60.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-07642008000500007 [12] Sustersic, M.G., Almeida, N.V. and Von Mengershausen, A.E. (2010) Hydrogen Oxidation on Gold Electrode in Perchloric Acid Solution. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 35, 6063-6068.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.12.068 [13] Kolb, D.M. (1996) Reconstruction Phenomena at Metal-Electrolyte Interfaces. Progress in Surface Science, 51, 109-173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0079-6816(96)00002-0 [14] Sustersic, M.G., Moreno, D.E., Almeida, N.V. and Ipohorski, M. (2002) Técnica Potenciodinámica para Cambiar la Morfología Superficial del Oro. Información Tecnológica, 13, 75-80. [15] Burke, L.D. (1994) Premonolayer Oxidation and Its Role in Electrocatalysis. Electrochimica Acta, 39, 1841-1848.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(94)85173-5
[1] Neyerlin, K.C., Gu, W., Jorne, J. and Gasteiger, H.A. (2007) Study of the Exchange Current Density for the Hydrogen Oxidation and Evolution Reactions. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 154, B631-B635. [2] Bagotzky and Osetrova, N.Y. (1973) Investigation of Hydrogen Ionization on Platinum with the Help of Micro-Electrodes. Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry, 43, 233-249. [3] Gasteiger, H.A., Panels, J.E. and Yan, S.D. (2004) Dependence of PEM Fuel Cell Performance on Catalyst. Journal of Power Sources, 127, 162-171. [4] Kunimatsu, K., Uchida, H., Osawa, M. and Watanabe, M. (2006) In Situ Infrared Spctroscopic and Electrochemical Study of Hydrogen Electro-Oxidation on Pt Eletroden Sulfphuric Acid. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 587, 299-307. [5] Markovic, N.M., Grgur, B.N. and Ross, P.N. (1997) Temperature-Dependent Hydrogen Electrochemiswtry on Platinum Low-Index Single-Crystal Surfaces in Acid Solutions. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 101, 5405-5413.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp970930d [6] Markovic, N.M., Sarraf, S.T., Gasteiger, H. and Ross, P.N. (1996) Hydrogen Electrochemistry on Platinum Low-Index Single-Crystal Surfaces in Alkaline Solution. Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions, 92, 3719-3725.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/ft9969203719 [7] Maruyama, J., Inaba, M., Katakura, K., Ogumi, Z. and Takehara, Z. (1998) Influence of Nafion® Film on the Kinetics of Anodic Hydrogen Oxidation. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 447, 201-209.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0728(98)00004-7 [8] Monterroza, A. and González Tesis, J. (2006) Estudio Cinético de la Oxidación de Hidrógeno en Electrodos de Polipirrol-Platino. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Facultad de Minas, Medellín. [9] Chao, F., Costa, M. and Parsons, R. (1980) SIMS Analysis of the Distribution of Hydrogen Absorbed by Gold Electrodes during the Evolution of Hydrogen. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 115, 31-44.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0728(80)80493-1 [10] Martins, M.E., Podestá, J.J. and Arvía, A.J. (1987) Chemical Evidence of Hydrogen Sorption Processes on Potential Cycled Gold Electrodes. Electrochimica Acta, 32, 1013-1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(87)90026-0 [11] Sustersic, M.G., Zanon, T.A., Albano, S.G. and von Mengershausen, A.E. (2008) Deposición de Hidrógeno a Subpotencial Sobre Oro Policristalino y con Orientación Preferida. Información Tecnológica, 19, 49-60.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-07642008000500007 [12] Sustersic, M.G., Almeida, N.V. and Von Mengershausen, A.E. (2010) Hydrogen Oxidation on Gold Electrode in Perchloric Acid Solution. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 35, 6063-6068.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.12.068 [13] Kolb, D.M. (1996) Reconstruction Phenomena at Metal-Electrolyte Interfaces. Progress in Surface Science, 51, 109-173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0079-6816(96)00002-0 [14] Sustersic, M.G., Moreno, D.E., Almeida, N.V. and Ipohorski, M. (2002) Técnica Potenciodinámica para Cambiar la Morfología Superficial del Oro. Información Tecnológica, 13, 75-80. [15] Burke, L.D. (1994) Premonolayer Oxidation and Its Role in Electrocatalysis. Electrochimica Acta, 39, 1841-1848.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(94)85173-5