Increased Levels of Hyaluronic Acid in Bronchoalveolar Lavage from Patients with Interstitial Lung Diseases, Relationship with Lung Function and Inflammatory Cells Recruitment

Glenda  Ernst; Jancic  Carolina; Auteri  Santiago; Rodriguez Moncalvo  Juan; Galíndez  Fernando; Grynblat  Pedro; E. Hajos  Silvia

doi:10.4236/mri.2014.32004

Glenda Ernst^*, Jancic Carolina, Auteri Santiago, Rodriguez Moncalvo Juan, Galíndez Fernando, Grynblat Pedro, E. Hajos Silvia

Abstract: Purpose: Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILD) are characterized by inflammation and fibrosis. It described the role of hyaluronic acid (HA) as an immune-regulator. It is not known if HA contributes to the recruitment of inflammatory cells associated with ILD. If this hypothesis was correct, then concentrations of HA in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) should correlate with the severity of ILD. Methods: We collected BAL from 22 ILD patients and 15 control subjects. We determined HA and cytokine levels by ELISA. In vitro chemotaxis assays were performed by using a transwell system. Results: We found that ILD patients showed a significant increase in HA, IL-6 levels and the amount of cells in BAL compared to control subjects. We detected a significant positive correlation between HA and IL-6 levels (r = 0.53 and p < 0.001) and an inverse relationship between HA levels and diffusion capacity (r = -0.59, p < 0.01). In vitro, HA induced migration of macrophages and monocytes through a CD44-dependent process. BAL from patients with ILD stimulated macro-phage migration and this was abrogated by hyaluronidase. Conclusions: Our results support the hypothesis that HA contributes to the recruitment of monocytes towards the alveolar space, leading to exacerbation of lung inflammation in ILD patients.

Keywords: Hyaluronic Acid, Interstitial Lung Diseases, Lung Inflammation

Cite this paper: Ernst, G. , Carolina, J. , Santiago, A. , Juan, R. , Fernando, G. , Pedro, G. and Silvia, E. (2014) Increased Levels of Hyaluronic Acid in Bronchoalveolar Lavage from Patients with Interstitial Lung Diseases, Relationship with Lung Function and Inflammatory Cells Recruitment. Modern Research in Inflammation, 3, 27-36. doi: 10.4236/mri.2014.32004.

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