Léon G. Blaise Savadogo, Ouédraogo Salimata, Cécile Tamini, Maurice Kinda, Philipe Donnen

Show more
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Child and Mother Health, Nutrition and Survival Unit, Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Santé, Université Polytechnique de Bobo Dioulasso, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Centre Hospitalier Régional de Banfora, Banfora, Burkina Faso.
Ecole National de Santé Publique, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
CR3 Politiques et Systèmes de Santé, Santé Internationale, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique.
Show less

Abstract: Severe anemia during pregnancy remains an acute maternal health problem in low income countries and its management is a challenge. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of hospitalized pregnant women with severe anemia and issue of the management in a regional hospital of a low income country. Material and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2008, at a regional hospital maternity. Data of the 283 pregnancy severe anemia cases have been analyzed using usual Pearson’s Chi square test or Fisher’s exact test. Results: Of the 283 women with pregnancy severe anemia, 98% were illiterate, 98% were household women; majority were in the third trimester (64%); 41% had no previous delivery; 49% did not had antenatal care. There were no statistics association between hemoglobin values stage and gestational age, gravidity and parity. During the hospitalization, from the 283 women with pregnancy severe anemia, deliveries occurred on 22.6%; abortion on 1%. From the 64 deliveries, 45.3% were alive preterm birth, 20.3% preterm stillbirth, 25.0% at term birth and 9.4% at term stillbirth. Between the 45 alive babies, 91% were low birth weight. In global, from the 283 women, mortality rate was 2.8%. Conclusion: Severe anemia during pregnancy results in maternal mortality, preterm, low birth and stillbirth even between hospitalized women. As most of the pregnancy anemia risk factors are chronic poverty related factors, intervention must be focused on prevention including health pregnant women iron supplementation and adequate nutritional diet promoting at both health facilities and community level.

Keywords: Pregnancy; Severe Anemia; Regional Hospital; Burkina Faso

Cite this paper: Savadogo, L. , Salimata, O. , Tamini, C. , Kinda, M. and Donnen, P. (2014) Characteristics of Severely Anemic Pregnant Women and Perinatal Outcomes in Banfora Regional Hospital, Burkina Faso: An Epidemiological Study. Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 4, 234-238. doi: 10.4236/ojog.2014.45038.

References

[1]   Karaoglu, L., Pehlivan, E., Egri, M., Deprem, C., Gunes, G., Genc, M.F. and Temel, I. (2010) The Prevalence of Nutritional Anemia in Pregnancy in an East Anatolian Province, Turkey. BMC Public Health, 10, 329. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/10/329 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-10-329

[2]   Christensen, R.D. and Ohls, R.K. (2004) Anaemias Unique to Pregnancy and the Perinatal Period. In: Greer, J.P., Foerster, J., Lukens, N.J., Rodgers, G.M., Paraskevas, F. and Glader, B., Wintrobe’s Clinical Hematology, Vol. 2, 11th Edition, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, USA, 1467-1486.

[3]   De Benoist, B., McLean, E., Egli, I. and Cogswell, M. (2008) Worldwide Prevalence of Anaemia 1993-2005: WHO Global Database on Anaemia. World Health Organization, Geneva.

[4]   World Health Organization (1992) The Prevalence of Anemia in Women: A Tabulation of Available Information. WHO, Geneva.

[5]   Curvo, L.G. and Mahomed, K. (2001) Treatment for Iron Deficiency Anemia in Prengnancy. Cochrane Database Systematic Review.

[6]   Sifakis, S. and Pharmakides, G. (2000) Anemia in Pregnancy. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 900, 125-. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06223.x

[7]   Yip, R. (2000) Significance of an Abnormally Low or High Hemoglobin Concentration during Pregnancy: Special Consideration of Iron Nutrition. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 72, 272S-279S.

[8]   AbdelAziem, A.A., Duria, A.R., Tajeldin, M.A., Mustafa, I.E. and Adam, I. (2011) Severe Anaemia Is Associated with a Higher Risk for Preeclampsia and Poor Perinatal Outcomes in Kassala Hospital, Eastern Sudan. BMC Research Notes, 4, 311. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1756-0500/4/311 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-4-311

[9]   Allen, L.H. (2000) Anaemia and Iron Deficiency: Effects on Pregnancy Outcome. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 71, 1280S-1284S.

[10]   Adam, I., Babiker, S., Mohmmed, A., Salih, M., Prins, M. and Zaki, Z. (2007) Low Body Mass Index, Anaemia and Poor Perinatal Outcome in a Rural Hospital in Eastern Sudan. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 54, 202-204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tropej/fmm110

[11]   Elhassan, E.M., Abbaker, A.O., Haggaz, A.D., Abubaker, M.S. and Adam, I. (2010) Anaemia and Low Birth Weight in Medani, Hospital Sudan. BMC Research Notes, 28, 181.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-3-181

[12]   Haggaz, A.D., Radi, E.A. and Adam, I. (2010) Anaemia and Low Birth Weight in Western Sudan. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 104, 234-236.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trstmh.2009.07.013

[13]   Kidanto, H.L., Mogren, I., Lindmark, G., Massawe, S. and Nystrom, L. (2009) Risks for Preterm Delivery and Low Birth Weight Are Independently Increased by Severity of Maternal Anaemia. South African Medical Journal, 99, 98-102.

[14]   Ali, A.A. and Adam, I. (2011) Anaemia and Stillbirth in Kassala Hospital, Eastern Sudan. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 57, 62-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tropej/fmq029

[15]   Riffat, J. and Ayesha, K. (2008) Severe Anemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome. Journal of Surgery Pakistan (International), 13, 147.

[16]   Pe?a-Rosas, J.P. and Viteri, F.E. (2009) Effects and Safety of Preventive Oral Iron or Iron + Folic Acid Supplementation for Women during Pregnancy. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 4, CD004736.

[17]   Pe?a-Rosas, J.P. and Viteri, F.E. (2012) Daily Oral Iron Supplementation during Pregnancy. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 12, CD004736.