Elaboration and costs multi-nutritional blocs with goatee leaves (Pithecellobium acatlense) consumed by goats in the Mixteca Poblana, Mexico

Jorge  Hernández; Lorenzo  Carreón; Oscar A.  Villarreal; Florencia  Garcia; Julio C.  Camacho

doi:10.4236/as.2014.52020

AS Vol.5 No.2 , February 2014

Elaboration and costs multi-nutritional blocs with goatee leaves (Pithecellobium acatlense) consumed by goats in the Mixteca Poblana, Mexico

Jorge Hernández^*, Lorenzo Carreón, Oscar A. Villarreal, Florencia Garcia, Julio C. Camacho

Abstract: The elaboration of multinutritional blocs (MB) is an alternative that allows supplement energy, protein, vitamins and minerals, and additionally, it can be administered and take natural resources as protein banks, mainly in the dry season, raising their cost and the concentrates decreasing profitability to producers. An aid is green or dried foliage of the tree-shrub of the Mixteca Poblana that drop their leaves to the ground (dry hay) in the dry season, thus becomes valuable forage consumed by goats, being great for your protein content and low cost in diets of small ruminants in silvopastoral production systems, at the dwindle the foliage of woody perennials in a time of the year. The aim of this study was to develop and meet production costs multinutrient blocks with goatee sheets (Pithecellobium acatlense) consumed by goats in the Mixteca Puebla. The study was done in the community of Tehuaxtla, belonging to the municipality Piaxtla in the Mixteca Poblana, which shows a secondary vegetation (arboreal, shrubby) that is consumed by goats in that region. 8 multinutritional blocks were used with Pithecellobium acatlense into two groups of 30 goats. Chemical analysis threw goatee 11.7% CP during the dry season and 14.8% CP for rains regarding consumption of BM group A showed 20% less compared to Group B, with respect to consumption of the block multinutrient the group A was 56 g/day/goat, whilst the group B has consumed 73 g/day/goat, where he converted ±0.14 g/goat/day for this preparation (MB), with a cost /goat when consuming block/8 days 0.14 USD.

Keywords: Blocs; Supplementation; Trees; Goats; Silvopastoral

Cite this paper: Hernández, J. , Carreón, L. , Villarreal, O. , Garcia, F. and Camacho, J. (2014) Elaboration and costs multi-nutritional blocs with goatee leaves (Pithecellobium acatlense) consumed by goats in the Mixteca Poblana, Mexico. Agricultural Sciences, 5, 165-169. doi: 10.4236/as.2014.52020.

References

[1] Amaro, G.R. (2013) Craftsmanship and use of molasses multinutritional blocks as a feed supplement for sheep.
http://www.asmexcriadoresdeovinos.org/sistema/pdf/alimentacion/elaboracionartesanal.pdf

[2] Gutierrez, V.F. and Ayala, B.A. (2009) Use and development of blocks of molasses-urea multinutritional.
http://www.iiaf.umich.mx/filenot/bloques.pdf

[3] Fariñas, T., Mendieta, B., Reyes, N., Mena, M., Cardona, J. and Danilo, P. (2009) Using multinutritional blocks in ruminants. Technical Series: Technical Manual No. 92. Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education, Managua, 2009, 2-5.

[4] Gasmi-Boubaker, A., Kayouly, C. and Buldgen, A. (2006) Feed blocks as a supplement for goat kids grazing natural Tunisian rangeland during the dry season. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 126, 31-41.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.05.024

[5] Ben-Salem, H. and Nefzaoui, A. (2003) Feed blocks as alternative supplements for sheep and goats. Small Ruminant Research, 49, 275-288.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0921-4488(03)00144-5

[6] Birbe, B. (1998) Physical Assessment of molasses-urea blocks multinutritional, with different levels of rock phosphate and Gliciridiasepium leaf meal, acceptability and productive responses of cattle. Proceedings of the Third International Workshop Silvopastoral: Trees and Shrubs in Livestock Experimental Station Huatey Indio, Matanzas, 25-27 November 1998, 161-165.

[7] Ramírez, L.R.G. (2009) Ruminant nutrition extensive systems. 2nd Edition, Editorial Threshings, Mexico.

[8] Andrade, M.H.M. (2006) Nutrition and feeding of sheep in intensive systems. In: Seminar V Memories Sheep Production in the Tropics, Tabasco 2000 Planetarium, Walk Extension Tabasco s/n, Villahermosa Tabasco, Mexico, November, 1-15.

[9] Tobía, C. (1996) Artisanal and semi-industrial Development nutritional blocks for ruminants. The garrapatoso. In: Decanate of VeterinaryScience. Universidad Centro-Occidental Lisandro Alvarado, Barquisimeto, 13, 14-17.

[10] García, E.D. and Medina, G.M. (2006) Chemical composition, secondary metabolites, nutritive value and relative acceptability ten fodder trees. Tropical Animal Science Magazine, 24, 233-250.

[11] Meléndez, N.F., Báez, R.V.A., López, J., Tejada H.I., Shimada, M.A. and Goñi C.S. (2000) Feeding of ruminants in the tropics. General and special topics. University of the State of Mexico, Mexico.

[12] Hernández, H.J.E. (2006) Valuations and goat raising in the MixtecaPoblana: Socioeconomics and tree-shrub resources. Doctoral Thesis, University of Camagüey, Camagüey.

[13] INEGI (2000) Geographical synthesis of Puebla. Electronicbook, Mexico.

[14] Guizar, E. and Sánchez, A. (1991) Guide for the recognition of the major high Balsas trees. Chapingo Autonomous University, Montecillo.

[15] García, E.D., Medina, G.M., Clavero, T., Humbria, J., Baldizan, A. and Domínguez, C. (2008) Preference for goat fodder trees in the lower area of the Venezuelan Andes. Scientific Journal, 5, 549-555.

[16] Fernández, G., San Martin, F. and Escurra, E. (1997) Using blocks nutritional supplementation to grazing sheep. LivestockResearch Magazine, 8, 29-38.

[17] Gutiérrez, V.E. and Ayala, B.A. (2009) Use and development of blocks of molasses-urea multinutritional.
http://www.iiaf.umich.mx/filenot/bloques.pdf

[18] Soto, C.R. and Martínez, R. D. (2001) Using blocks of molasses and urea in the intensive fattening calves Creoles. Latin American Archives of Animal Production, 9, 99-103.

[19] Araujo, F.O. (2002) Polygastric: Recent advances in ruminant nutrition. Proceedings of the XI Venezuelan Congress of Animal Production and Industry, Trujillo, 22-26 October 2002, 1-9.