Effect of the Morphology of Leather Surface on the Hydrophobic-Hydrophilic Properties
Author(s)
Olga Serenko,
Zarina Nizamova,
Mikhail Kalinin,
Yuri Ostrovsky,
Ludmila Polukhina,
Aziz Muzafarov
Affiliation(s)
1Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Foundation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia. Moscow State University of Design and Technology, Moscow, Russia.
1Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Foundation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia. Moscow State University of Design and Technology, Moscow, Russia.
ABSTRACT
Natural leathers (split, velour split, nubuck) ware investigated. Solution of fluorine silane in ethanol was applied as the hydrophobic agent. It is shown that the microstructure of the leather surface, provided its structural elements possess hydrophilic properties, determines the wetting regime and duration of the induction period of changeover from heterogeneous to homogeneous wetting. The heterogeneous regime of wetting is distinguished by low rates of spreading and absorbing. The homogeneous wetting is characterized by high rates of spreading and absorbing of a water drop. A necessary condition of the stable heterogeneous wetting regime and achieving hydrophobicity of leather with structurally inhomogeneous face layer is to preserve the microstructure features of their surface at hydrophobic treatment. The morphological peculiarities of split and ground leather ensure stable hydrophobic properties after application of efficient hydrophobizators.
Natural leathers (split, velour split, nubuck) ware investigated. Solution of fluorine silane in ethanol was applied as the hydrophobic agent. It is shown that the microstructure of the leather surface, provided its structural elements possess hydrophilic properties, determines the wetting regime and duration of the induction period of changeover from heterogeneous to homogeneous wetting. The heterogeneous regime of wetting is distinguished by low rates of spreading and absorbing. The homogeneous wetting is characterized by high rates of spreading and absorbing of a water drop. A necessary condition of the stable heterogeneous wetting regime and achieving hydrophobicity of leather with structurally inhomogeneous face layer is to preserve the microstructure features of their surface at hydrophobic treatment. The morphological peculiarities of split and ground leather ensure stable hydrophobic properties after application of efficient hydrophobizators.
Cite this paper
O. Serenko, Z. Nizamova, M. Kalinin, Y. Ostrovsky, L. Polukhina and A. Muzafarov, "Effect of the Morphology of Leather Surface on the Hydrophobic-Hydrophilic Properties," Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 4 No. 2, 2014, pp. 13-19. doi: 10.4236/ampc.2014.42003.
O. Serenko, Z. Nizamova, M. Kalinin, Y. Ostrovsky, L. Polukhina and A. Muzafarov, "Effect of the Morphology of Leather Surface on the Hydrophobic-Hydrophilic Properties," Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 4 No. 2, 2014, pp. 13-19. doi: 10.4236/ampc.2014.42003.
References
[1] K. T. Sarkar, “Theory and Practice of Leather Manufacture,” Macmillan India Press, Madras, 1997. [2] S. Sundar, N. Vijayalakshmi, S. Gupta, R. Rajaram and G. Radhakrishnan, “Aqueous Dispersions of Polyurethane-Polyvinyl Pyridine Cationomers and Their Application as Binder in Base Coat for Leather Finishing,” Progress in Organic Coatings, Vol. 56, 2006, pp.178-184.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2006.04.001 [3] E. H. A. Nashy, M. M. Essa and A. I. Hussain, “Synthesis and Application of Methyl Methacrylate/Butyl Acrylate Copolymer Nanoemulsions as Efficient Retanning and Lubricating Agents for Chrome-Tanned Leather,” Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 124, No. 4, 2012, pp. 3293-3301.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.35208 [4] O. A. Mohamed, A. B. Moustafa, M. A. Mehawed and N. H. El-Sayed, “ Styrene and Butyl Methacrylate Copolymers and Their Application in Leather Finishing,” Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 111, No. 3, 2009, pp. 1488-1495.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.29022 [5] Y. Wang, F. Qiu, B. Xu, J. Xu, Y. Jiang, D. Yang and P. Li, “Preparation, Mechanical Properties and Surface Morphologies of Waterborne Fluorinated Polyurethane-Acrylate,” Progress in Organic Coatings, Vol. 76, No. 5, 2013, pp. 876-883. [6] K. M. S. Meera, R. M. Sankar, A. Murali, S. N. Jaisankar and A. B. Mandal, “Sol-Gel Network Silica/Modified Montmorillonite Clay Hybrid Nanocomposites for Hydrophobic Surface Coatings,” Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, Vol. 90, 2012, pp. 204-210.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.10.018 [7] J. Hu, J. Ma and W. Deng, “Properties of Acrylic Resin/Nano-SiO2 Leather Finishing Agent Prepared via Emulsifier-Free Emulsion Polymerization,” Materials Letters, Vol. 62, No. 17-18, 2008, pp. 2931-2934.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2008.01.127 [8] O. Yilmaz, C. N. Cheaburu, G. Gulumser and C. Vasile, “Rheological Behaviour of Acrylate/Montmorillonite Nanocomposite Latexes and Their Application in Leather Finishing as Binders,” Progress in Organic Coatings, Vol. 70, No. 1, 2011, pp. 52-58.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2010.10.001 [9] S. Smitha, P. Shajesh and P. Mukundan, “Synthesis of Biocompatible Hydrophobic Silica-Gelatin Nano-Hybrid by Sol-Gel Process,” Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, Vol. 55, No. 1, 2007, pp. 38-43. [10] L. B. Boinovich and A. M. Emelyanenko, “Hydrophobic Materials and Coatins: Principles of Design, Properties and Applications,” Russian Chemical Reviews, Vol. 77, No. 7, 2008, pp. 583-600.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/RC2008v077n07ABEH003775 [11] M. Nosonovsky, “Multiscale Roughness and Stability of Superhydrophobic Biomimetic Interfaces,” Langmuir, Vol. 23, No. 6, 2007, pp. 3157-3161.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la062301d [12] N. A. Patankar, “On the Modeling of Hydrophobic Contact Angles on Rough Surfaces,” Langmuir, Vol. 19, No. 4, 2003, pp. 1249-1253.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la026612+ [13] N. V. Evsyukova, M. A. Myshkovskii, L. M. Polukhina O. A. Serenko, L. N. Nikitin and A. M. Muzafarov, “ Making Fabrics Water-Repellent with Fluorine-Containing Silane in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Medium,” Fiber Chemistry, Vol. 41, 2009, pp. 46-52. [14] N. V. Evsyukova, M. A. Myshkovskii, L. M. Polukhina O. A. Serenko and A. M. Muzafarov, “Effect of Wear Factors on Lyophobic Properties of Fabric Modified by a Fluorosilane,” Fiber Chemistry, Vol. 43, No. 2, 2011, pp. 134-137. [15] Federal Agency on Technical Regulation and Metrology.
http://www.gost.ru
[1] K. T. Sarkar, “Theory and Practice of Leather Manufacture,” Macmillan India Press, Madras, 1997. [2] S. Sundar, N. Vijayalakshmi, S. Gupta, R. Rajaram and G. Radhakrishnan, “Aqueous Dispersions of Polyurethane-Polyvinyl Pyridine Cationomers and Their Application as Binder in Base Coat for Leather Finishing,” Progress in Organic Coatings, Vol. 56, 2006, pp.178-184.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2006.04.001 [3] E. H. A. Nashy, M. M. Essa and A. I. Hussain, “Synthesis and Application of Methyl Methacrylate/Butyl Acrylate Copolymer Nanoemulsions as Efficient Retanning and Lubricating Agents for Chrome-Tanned Leather,” Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 124, No. 4, 2012, pp. 3293-3301.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.35208 [4] O. A. Mohamed, A. B. Moustafa, M. A. Mehawed and N. H. El-Sayed, “ Styrene and Butyl Methacrylate Copolymers and Their Application in Leather Finishing,” Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 111, No. 3, 2009, pp. 1488-1495.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.29022 [5] Y. Wang, F. Qiu, B. Xu, J. Xu, Y. Jiang, D. Yang and P. Li, “Preparation, Mechanical Properties and Surface Morphologies of Waterborne Fluorinated Polyurethane-Acrylate,” Progress in Organic Coatings, Vol. 76, No. 5, 2013, pp. 876-883. [6] K. M. S. Meera, R. M. Sankar, A. Murali, S. N. Jaisankar and A. B. Mandal, “Sol-Gel Network Silica/Modified Montmorillonite Clay Hybrid Nanocomposites for Hydrophobic Surface Coatings,” Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, Vol. 90, 2012, pp. 204-210.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.10.018 [7] J. Hu, J. Ma and W. Deng, “Properties of Acrylic Resin/Nano-SiO2 Leather Finishing Agent Prepared via Emulsifier-Free Emulsion Polymerization,” Materials Letters, Vol. 62, No. 17-18, 2008, pp. 2931-2934.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2008.01.127 [8] O. Yilmaz, C. N. Cheaburu, G. Gulumser and C. Vasile, “Rheological Behaviour of Acrylate/Montmorillonite Nanocomposite Latexes and Their Application in Leather Finishing as Binders,” Progress in Organic Coatings, Vol. 70, No. 1, 2011, pp. 52-58.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2010.10.001 [9] S. Smitha, P. Shajesh and P. Mukundan, “Synthesis of Biocompatible Hydrophobic Silica-Gelatin Nano-Hybrid by Sol-Gel Process,” Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, Vol. 55, No. 1, 2007, pp. 38-43. [10] L. B. Boinovich and A. M. Emelyanenko, “Hydrophobic Materials and Coatins: Principles of Design, Properties and Applications,” Russian Chemical Reviews, Vol. 77, No. 7, 2008, pp. 583-600.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/RC2008v077n07ABEH003775 [11] M. Nosonovsky, “Multiscale Roughness and Stability of Superhydrophobic Biomimetic Interfaces,” Langmuir, Vol. 23, No. 6, 2007, pp. 3157-3161.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la062301d [12] N. A. Patankar, “On the Modeling of Hydrophobic Contact Angles on Rough Surfaces,” Langmuir, Vol. 19, No. 4, 2003, pp. 1249-1253.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la026612+ [13] N. V. Evsyukova, M. A. Myshkovskii, L. M. Polukhina O. A. Serenko, L. N. Nikitin and A. M. Muzafarov, “ Making Fabrics Water-Repellent with Fluorine-Containing Silane in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Medium,” Fiber Chemistry, Vol. 41, 2009, pp. 46-52. [14] N. V. Evsyukova, M. A. Myshkovskii, L. M. Polukhina O. A. Serenko and A. M. Muzafarov, “Effect of Wear Factors on Lyophobic Properties of Fabric Modified by a Fluorosilane,” Fiber Chemistry, Vol. 43, No. 2, 2011, pp. 134-137. [15] Federal Agency on Technical Regulation and Metrology.
http://www.gost.ru