Pytoremediation of fluoroquinolone group of antibiotics from waste water
Affiliation(s)
National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (N.E.E.R.I.), Mumbai Zonal Laboratory, Mumbai, India. Guru Nanak Khalsa College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Mumbai, India. SIES College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Mumbai, India.
National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (N.E.E.R.I.), Mumbai Zonal Laboratory, Mumbai, India. Guru Nanak Khalsa College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Mumbai, India. SIES College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Mumbai, India.
ABSTRACT
The study involved selection of wetland plant species hyper efficient in removing fluoroquinolone group of antibiotics so that they can be used in a constructed wetland system patented by NEERI, India (European Patent Office (EPO) Pub. No.: WO2004087584) or any other constructed wetland. Phyto removal of these antibiotics at such high concentrations without any toxic effect on the plant species is very useful as incomplete removal of certain antibiotics such as Ciprofloxacin, and Ofloxacin from waste waters is of concern due to their health effects if they do persist in finished waters even at ng/l levels. Five different wetland plant species which were also tested for their efficiency to treat municipal wastewater were used to test their efficiency to scavenge commonly used fluoroquinolone antibiotics (which are not degraded easily) namely Ciprofloxacin, Gemifloxacin mesylate, Ofloxacin and Gatifloxacin from aqueous medium (Hoagland-Arnon solution). EC double beam UV-VIS spectrophotometer was used to obtain lambda max of Ciprofloxacin, Gemifloxacin mesylate, Ofloxacin and Gatifloxacin in Hoagland-Arnon solution. The most efficient plant species for each antibiotic were selected and tested again for confirmation of antibiotic removal efficiency at a high concentration of 50 mg/l of each antibiotic. Taxodium distichum was found to be the most suitable for the removal of Ofloxacin, Gatifloxacin and Ciprofloxacin showing maximum removal of 32 mg/l (on 6th day), 21 mg/l (on 8th day), 32 mg/l (on 9th day), respectively and Canna indica was found to be the most suitable for removal of Gemifloxacin mesylate showing maximum removal of 38 mg/l (on 8th day).
Cite this paper
Tandon, S. , Kumar, R. and Yadav, S. (2013) Pytoremediation of fluoroquinolone group of antibiotics from waste water. Natural Science, 5, 21-27. doi: 10.4236/ns.2013.512A004.
Tandon, S. , Kumar, R. and Yadav, S. (2013) Pytoremediation of fluoroquinolone group of antibiotics from waste water. Natural Science, 5, 21-27. doi: 10.4236/ns.2013.512A004.
References
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[1] Vlsero, H.M., Fink, G., Schlusener, M.P., Sidrach-Cardona, R., Martin-Villacorta, J., Ternes, T. and Becares, E.l. (2011) Removal of antibiotics from urban wastewater by constructed wetland optimization. Chemosphere, 83, 713719.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.02.004 [2] Daughton, C.G. and Ternes, T.A. (1999) Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the environment; Agents of subtle change. Environmental Health Perspectives, 107, 907-938. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.99107s6907 [3] Kolpin, D.W., Furlong, E.T., Meyer, M.T., Thurman, E.M., Zaugg, S.D., Barber, L.B. and Buxton, H.T. (2002) Pharmaceuticals, hormones and other organic wastewater contaminants in U.S. streams. A national reconnaissance. Environmental Science & Technology, 36, 1202-1211.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es011055j [4] Boxall, A.B.A. (2004) The environmental side effects of medication. EMBO Report, 5, 1110-1116.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.embor.7400307 [5] Sorensen, H.B., Nors, N.S., Lanzky, P.F., Ingerslev, F., Holten Lutzhoft, H.C. and Jorgensen, S.E. (1998) Occurrence, fate and effects of pharmaceuticals in the environment. Chemosphere, 36, 357-393.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(97)00354-8 [6] Larsson, D.G., de Pedro, C. and Paxeus, N. (2007) Extremely high levels of pharmaceuticals. Journal of Hazardous Material, 148, 751-755.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.07.008 [7] Stumpf, M., Ternes, T.A., Wilken, R.D., Rodrigues, S.V. and Baumann, W. (1999) Polar drug residue in sewage and natural waters in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Science of the Total Environment, 225, 135-141.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(98)00339-8 [8] Lilienberg, M., Litvin, S.V., Nei, L., Roasto, M. and Sepp, K. (2010) Enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin uptake by plants from soil. Agronomy Research, 8, 807-814. [9] Ye, Z., Weinberg, H.S. and Meyer, M.T. (2007) Occurrence of antibiotics in drinking water. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 387, 1365-1377. [10] Kinney, C.A., Furlong, E.T., Werner, S.L. and Cahill, J.D. (2006) Presence and distribution of wastewater-derived pharmaceuticals in soil irrigated with reclaimed water. Environmental Toxicology Chemistry, 25, 317-326.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1897/05-187R.1 [11] Kinney, C.A., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Burkhardt, M.R., Zaugg, S.D., Werner, S.L., Bossio, J.P. and Benotti, M.J. (2008) Bioaccumulation of pharmaceuticals and other anthropogenic waste indicators in earthworms from agricultural soil amended with biosolid or swine manure. Environmental Science and Technology, 42, 1863-1870.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es702304c [12] Tshervjakova, V. and Terezova, A. (1986) Pharmacology and dispensary. Valgus, Tallinm, 98-112. (in Estonian) [13] Marengo, J.R., Kok, R.A., O Brien, G.K., Velagaletti, R.R. and Stamm, J.L. (1997) Aerobic degradation of 14Csarafloxacin hydrochloride in soil. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 16, 462-471. [14] Blanchard, J.S. (1996) Molecular mechanisms of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Annual Review of Biochemistry, 65, 215-239.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bi.65.070196.001243 [15] Hartmann, A., Alder, A.C., Koller, T. and Widmer, R.M. (1998) Identifications of fluoroquinolone antibiotics as the main source of umuC genotoxicity in native hospital wastewater. Environmental Toxicology Chemistry, 17, 377-382. [16] Hartmann, A., Golet, E.M., Gartiser, S., Alder, A.C., Koller, T. and Widmer, R.M. (1999) Primary DNA damage but not mutagenicity correlates with ciprofloxacin concentrations in German hospital wastewater. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 36, 115119.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900449 [17] Crowdy, S.H. and Pramer, D. (1955). Movement of antibiotics in higher plants. Chem. Ind., London, 160-162. [18] Robinson, R.S., Starkey, R.L. and Davidson, O.W. (19540 Control of bacterial wilt of chrysanthemums with streptomycin. Phytopathology, 44, 646-650. [19] Crowdy, S.H., Grove, J.F., Hemming, H.G. and Robinson, K.C. (1956) The translocation of antibiotics in higher plants. II. The movement of griseofulvin in broad bean and tomato. Journal of Experimental Botany, 7, 42-64.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/7.1.42 [20] Sanwal, BD. (1956) Investigations on the metabolism of Fusarium lycopersci with the aid of radioactive carbon. Phytopathology, 25, 333-384. [21] Sooknah, R. and Wilkie, A. (2004) Nutrient removal by floating aquatic macrophytes cultured anaerobically digested flushed dairy manure wastewater. Ecological Engineering, 22, 27-42.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2004.01.004 [22] DeBusk, T., Peterson, J. and Ramesh, K. (1995) Use of aquatic and terrestrial plants for removing phosphorus from dairy wastewaters. Ecological Engineering, 5, 371390.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0925-8574(95)00033-X [23] Qiming, X., Hu, L., Chen, H., Chang, Z. and Zou, H. (2010) Removal of nutrients and veterinary antibiotics from swine wastewater by a constructed macrophyte floating bed system. Journal of Environmental Management, 91, 2657-2661.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.07.036 [24] Dey, S., Ratnakar, C.H. ,Vaithiyanathan, S., Samal, H.B, Reddy, Y.V., Krishna Bala, Reddy, Y.A., Kumar, N. and Mohapatra, S. (2010) Spectrophotometer method developed for the estimation of flucloxacilin in bulk and dosage form using UV-VIS spectrophotometric method. International Journal of Pharma and Biosciences, 1, 35. [25] Mendez, A.S., Steppe, M. and Schapoval, E.E. (2003) Validation of HPLC and UV spectrophotometric methods for the determination of meropenem in pharmaceutical dosage form. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 33, 947-954.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0731-7085(03)00366-2 [26] McCutcheon, S. (2003) Phytoremediation. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, 898. [27] http://plant-materials.nrcs.usda.gov/pubs/etpmcbrconwet.pdf [28] American Public Health Association-American Water Works Association-Water Environment Federation (APHAAWWA-WEF) (1995) Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 20th Edition, American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association-Water Pollution Control Fed, Washington DC. [29] Larsson, D.G., de Pedro, C. and Paxeus, N. (2007) Extremely high levels of pharmaceuticals. Journal of Hazardous Material, 148, 751-755.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.07.008 [30] Shaibur, M.R. and Kawai, S. (2010) Effect of arsenic on nutritional composition of Japanese mustard Spinach: An Ill effect of arsenic on nutritional quality of a green leafy vegetable. Nature and Science, 8, 186-194. [31] Amjad, H., Iqbal, J. and Naeem, M. (2005) Analysis of some residual antibiotics in muscle, kidney and liver samples of broiler chicken by various methods. Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences, 42, 223-231.