A Multidisciplinary Approach to Mapping Potential Urban Development Zones in Sinai Peninsula, Egypt Using Remote Sensing and GIS
Affiliation(s)
Environmental Studies and Land Use Department, National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, NARSS, Cairo, Egypt. Division of Geological Applications and Mineral Resources, National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, NARSS, Cairo, Egypt.
Environmental Studies and Land Use Department, National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, NARSS, Cairo, Egypt. Division of Geological Applications and Mineral Resources, National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, NARSS, Cairo, Egypt.
ABSTRACT
One of the main concerns of
physical planning is the proper designation of suitable sites for feasible and
sustainable land use. A main importance of such issue is that it withdraws
attention to the necessity of adopting a multidisciplinary approach to the
zoning and site selection problem. Egypt has a top priority objective to
develop Sinai Peninsula and to create new sustainable and attracting
communities that should ensure a stable, economic and sustainable environment
in vast desert zones. Due to the difficulty in solving a zoning problem in a
desert, the use of remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) was to explore the desert potentials
in the region. Five sub-models were created for five themes using Spatial
Multicriteria Analysis (SMCA) and used as inputs to the final suitability
model. These themes are: land resources, land stability, accessibility, cost of
construction and land protection. A GIS-based model was designed following a
sustainable development approach. Economic, social and environmental factors
were introduced in the model to identify and map land suitable zones for urban
development using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The suitability index map
for urban development was produced by weighted overlay of the five sub-models
themes. The most suitable zones for urban development in Sinai Peninsula
amounted to 5327 square kilometers representing 17% of total area, whereas high
suitable zones reached 40% indicating a high suitability of Sinai Peninsula
lands for residing new urban communities.
Cite this paper
H. Effat and M. Hegazy, "A Multidisciplinary Approach to Mapping Potential Urban Development Zones in Sinai Peninsula, Egypt Using Remote Sensing and GIS," Journal of Geographic Information System, Vol. 5 No. 6, 2013, pp. 567-583. doi: 10.4236/jgis.2013.56054.
H. Effat and M. Hegazy, "A Multidisciplinary Approach to Mapping Potential Urban Development Zones in Sinai Peninsula, Egypt Using Remote Sensing and GIS," Journal of Geographic Information System, Vol. 5 No. 6, 2013, pp. 567-583. doi: 10.4236/jgis.2013.56054.
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http://www.uoguelph.ca/geography/research/geog4480_w2013/index.html [3] L. J. Luo, Z. He and Y. Hu, “Study on Land Use Suitability Assessment of Urban-Rural Planning Based on Remote Sensing—A Case Study of Liangping in Chongqing,” The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol. 37, Part B8, Beijing, 2008. [4] M. Cerreta and P. De Toro, “Urbanization Suitability Maps: A Dynamic Spatial Decision Support System for Sustainable Land Use,” Earth System Dynamics, Vol. 3, 2012, pp. 157-171.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-3-157-2012 [5] I. L. McHarg, “Design with Nature,” Wiley, New York, 1969. [6] L. Hopkins, “Methods for Generating Land Suitability Maps: A Comparative Evaluation,” Journal of American Institute, Vol. 34, 1977, pp. 19-29. [7] R. K. Brail and R. E. Klosterman, “Planning Support Systems,” ESRI Press, Redlands, 2001. [8] M. G. Collins, F. R. Steiner and M. J. Rushman, “LandUse Suitability Analysis in the United States: Historical Development and Promising Technological Achievements,” Environmental Management, Vol. 28, No. 5, 2001, pp. 611-621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002670010247 [9] J. M. C. Pereira and L. Duckstein, “A Multiple Criteria Decision-Making Approach to GIS-Based Land Suitability Evaluation,” International Journal of Geographical Information Systems, Vol. 7, No. 5, 1993, pp. 407-424.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02693799308901971 [10] R. Store and J. Kangas, “Integrating Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation and Expert Knowledge for GIS-Based Habitat Suitability Modeling,” Landscape and Urban Planning, Vol. 55, No. 2, 2001, pp. 79-93.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(01)00120-7 [11] G. F. Bonham-Carter, “Geographic Information Systems for Geoscientists: Modeling with GIS,” Pergamon Press, New York, 1994. [12] J. C. Cambell, J. Radke, J. T. Gless and R. M. Whirtshafter, “An Application of Linear Programming and Geographic Information Systems: Cropland Allocation in Antigue,” Environment and Planning A, Vol. 24, No. 4, 1992, pp. 535-549. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a240535 [13] S. Kalogirou, “Expert Systems and GIS: An Application of Land Suitability Evaluation,” Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, Vol. 26, No. 2-3, 2002, pp. 89-112.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0198-9715(01)00031-X [14] W. Miller, W. M. G. Collins, F. R. Steiner and E. Cook, “An Approach for Greenway Suitability Analysis,” Landscape and Urban Planning, Vol. 42, No. 2-4, 1998, pp. 91-105.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(98)00080-2 [15] R. Gunasekera, “Use of GIS for Environmental Impact Assessment in Interdisciplinary Approach,” Interdisciplinary Science Reviews, Vol. 29, No. 1, 2004, pp. 37-48.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/030801804225012473 [16] J. R. Eastman, P. A. K. Kyem, J. Toledano and W. Jin, “GIS and Decision Making,” UNITAR, Geneva, 1993. [17] R. L. Church, “Geographical Information Systems and Location Science,” Computers and Operations Research, Vol. 29, No. 6, 2002, pp. 541-562.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0305-0548(99)00104-5 [18] R. Janssen and P. Rietveld, “Multicriteria Analysis and Geographical Information Systems: An Application to Agricultural Land Use in the Netherlands,” Geographical Information Systems for Urban and Regional Planning, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1990, pp. 129-139. [19] Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics, CAPMAS, National Information Center (NIC), Nasr City, Cairo, 2013. [20] Center of Housing and Building Researches, Ministry of Housing, Utilities and Urban Development, “Egypt, Mines and quarry map of Egypt,” 2007. [21] Shutle Radar Topography Mission, United States Geological Survey (USGS), 2000.
http://seamless.usgs.gov [22] Egyptian Military Survey Department, “The Topographic Map of Egypt,” 1995. [23] Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation, CONOCOCoral, “The Geological Map of Egypt, Scale 1:500,000,” Egypt, Cairo, 1987. [24] Ministry of State for the Environment, Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA), Department of Nature Conservation, National Biodiversity Unit, Egypt: “National Strategy and Action Plan for Biodiversity Conservation,” 1998. [25] Research Institute for groundwater (RIGW), National Water Research Center (NWRC), The “Hydro-Geological Map of Egypt, Scale 1:200,000,” 1999. [26] ESRI, “Working with the ArcView Spatial Analyst,” Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc., Redlands, 1996. [27] General Organization for Physical Planning, GOPP, “The Environmental Vision of the Strategy of Urban Development in Egypt,” Unpublished Report, GOPP, Cairo, 2007. [28] J. R. Eastman, W. Jin, P. A. K. Kyem and J. Toledano, “Raster Procedures for Muli-Criteria/Multi-Objective Decisions,” Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, Vol. 61, No. 5, 1995, pp. 539-547. [29] D. T. Bailey, “Development of an Optimal Spatial Decision-Making Using Approximate Reasoning,” Ph.D. Dissertation, Queensland University of Technology, 2005. [30] T. Saaty, “A Scaling Method for Priorities in Hierarchical Structures,” Journal of Mathematical Psychology, Vol. 15, No. 3, 1997, pp. 234-281.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2496(77)90033-5 [31] T. A. Saaty, “Decision-Making for Leaders,” 2nd Edition, RWS Publication, Pittsburgh, 1992. [32] T. L. Saaty, “The Analytic Hierarchy Process,” McGrawHill, New York, 1980, pp. 20-25.