Simultaneous measurements of aeroacoustic sounds and wall vibration for exploring the contribution of tooth vibration in the production of sibilant sounds/s/
Author(s)
Masanori Nakamura,
Kazunori Nozaki,
Haruka Takimoto,
Kazuya Nagamune,
Motoharu Fujigaki,
Shigeo Wada
ABSTRACT
In order to understand the contribution of teeth vibration to the production of sibilant/s/, the pre-sent study was designed to develop a method of simultaneously measuring aeroacoustic sounds and the vibration of an obstacle. To measure the vibration without disturbing flow, the Michelson interferometer was employed. The flow channel, which had an obstacle wall inside of it, was fabricated such that it morphologically mimicked the simplified geometry of the oral cavity. Given airflows at a flow rate of 7.5 × 10–4 m3/s from the inlet, aeroacoustic sounds were generated. A spectrum analy-sis of the data demonstrated two prominent peaks in the sound at 1,300 and 3,500 Hz and one peak in the wall vibration at 3,500 Hz. The correlation in peak frequencies between the sound and wall vibration suggests that the sound at 3,500 Hz was induced by the wall vibration. In fact, the sound amplitude at 3,500 Hz decreased when the obstacle wall was thickened, which increased its rigidity (p < 0.05, t-test). The experimental results demonstrate that the developed techniques are capable of measuring aeroacoustic sound and obstacle wall vibration simultaneously, and suggest the potential to pave the way for detailed analysis of the production of sibilant sounds /s/.
In order to understand the contribution of teeth vibration to the production of sibilant/s/, the pre-sent study was designed to develop a method of simultaneously measuring aeroacoustic sounds and the vibration of an obstacle. To measure the vibration without disturbing flow, the Michelson interferometer was employed. The flow channel, which had an obstacle wall inside of it, was fabricated such that it morphologically mimicked the simplified geometry of the oral cavity. Given airflows at a flow rate of 7.5 × 10–4 m3/s from the inlet, aeroacoustic sounds were generated. A spectrum analy-sis of the data demonstrated two prominent peaks in the sound at 1,300 and 3,500 Hz and one peak in the wall vibration at 3,500 Hz. The correlation in peak frequencies between the sound and wall vibration suggests that the sound at 3,500 Hz was induced by the wall vibration. In fact, the sound amplitude at 3,500 Hz decreased when the obstacle wall was thickened, which increased its rigidity (p < 0.05, t-test). The experimental results demonstrate that the developed techniques are capable of measuring aeroacoustic sound and obstacle wall vibration simultaneously, and suggest the potential to pave the way for detailed analysis of the production of sibilant sounds /s/.
KEYWORDS
Acoustic Measurement; Vibration Measurement; Michelson Interferometer; Aeroacoustics; Sibilant/s/
Acoustic Measurement; Vibration Measurement; Michelson Interferometer; Aeroacoustics; Sibilant/s/
Cite this paper
nullNakamura, M. , Nozaki, K. , Takimoto, H. , Nagamune, K. , Fujigaki, M. and Wada, S. (2011) Simultaneous measurements of aeroacoustic sounds and wall vibration for exploring the contribution of tooth vibration in the production of sibilant sounds/s/. Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering, 4, 83-89. doi: 10.4236/jbise.2011.42011.
nullNakamura, M. , Nozaki, K. , Takimoto, H. , Nagamune, K. , Fujigaki, M. and Wada, S. (2011) Simultaneous measurements of aeroacoustic sounds and wall vibration for exploring the contribution of tooth vibration in the production of sibilant sounds/s/. Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering, 4, 83-89. doi: 10.4236/jbise.2011.42011.
References
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[1] Lee, S.Y.A., Whitebill, L.T., Ciocca, V. and Samman, N. (2002) Acoustic and perceptual analysis of the sibilant sound /s/ before and after orthognathic surgery. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 60, 364-373. [2] Hamlet, S. Geoffrey, V.D. and Bartlett, D.M. (1976) Effect of a dental prosthesis on speaker-specific characteristics of voice. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 19, 639-650. [3] Banky, J. (2000) Mouthguards dental injury and problems: On-field management. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 3, 5-11. doi:10.1016/S1440-2440(00)80063-8 [4] Fletcher, S.G. and Newman, D.G. (1991) [s] and [sh] as a function of linguapalatal contact place and sibilant. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 89, 850- 858. doi:10.1121/1.1894646 [5] ?elebi?, A. and Knezovi?-Zlatari?, D. (2003) A comparison of patient’s satisfaction between complete and partial removable denture wearers. Journal of Dentistry, 31, 445-451. doi:10.1016/S0300-5712(03)00094-0 [6] Hassan, T., Naini, F.B. and Gill, D. S. (2007) The effects of orthognathic surgery on speech: A review. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 65, 2536-2543. doi:10.1016/j.joms.2007.05.018 [7] Shadle, C.H. (1990) Articulatory-acoustic relationships in fricative consonants. In: Hardcastle W.J. and Marchal A. Eds., Speech Production and Speech Modeling, Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands, 187-209. [8] Ray, D.K. and Charles R.D., (2002) The Acoustic Analysis of Speech, 2nd Edition, Singular/Thomson Learning, Canada, 38-43. [9] Stevens, K.N. (1971) Airflow and turbulence noise for fricative and stop consonants: Static considerations. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 50, 1180-1192. doi:10.1121/1.1912751 [10] Stevens, K.N. (1988) Acoustic Phonetics, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 379-412. [11] Shadle, C.H. (1985) The acoustics of fricative consonants, MIT Technical Report, Cambridge, MA. [12] Shadle, C.H. (1991) The effect of geometry on source mechanisms of fricative consonants. Journal of Phonetics, 19, 409-424. [13] Howe, M. and McGowan, R. (2005) Aeroacoustics of [s], Proceedings of Royal Society, London Series A, 461, 1005-1028. doi:10.1098/rspa.2004.1405 [14] Nozaki K., Tamagawa, H. and Shimojo, S. (2008) Prediction of dental fricative sound by Lighthill-Curle equation. In: Takada, K. Ed., In Silico Dentistry, Medigit, Japan, 155-158. [15] Lighthill, M.J. (1952) On sound generation aerodynamically I. General theory. Proceedings of Royal Society, London Series A, 211, 564-587. doi:10.1098/rspa.1952.0060 [16] Curle, N. (1955) The influence of solid boundaries upon aerodynamic sound. Proceedings of Royal Society, London Series A, 231, 505-514. doi:10.1098/rspa.1955.0191 [17] Van Hirtum, A., Grandchamp, X., Pelorson, X., Nozaki, K. and Shimojo, S. (2010) LES simulation and ‘in-vitro’ experimental validation of flow around a teeth-shaped obstacle. International Journal of Applied Mechanics, 2, 265-279. doi:10.1142/S1758825110000603 [18] Ju, L., Blair, D.G. and Zhau C. (2000) Detection of gravitational waves. Reports on Progress in Physics, 63, 1317-1427. doi:10.1088/0034-4885/63/9/201 [19] Narayanan, S., Alwan, A. and Haker K. (1995) An articulartory study of fricative consonants using magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 98, 1325-1347. doi:10.1121/1.413469 [20] Fant, G. (1960) Acoustic theory of speech production, The Hague, The Netherlands, Mouton. [21] Levine, H. and Schwinger, J. (1948) On the radiation of sound from an unflanged circular pipe. Physical Review, 73, 383-406. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.73.383