The Coulomb Resonances, the Quasi-Real Photons and Electro-Disintegration of Nuclei by High-Energy Electrons
Affiliation(s)
Institute for Nuclear Research, Kyiv, Ukraine. Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Institute for Nuclear Research, Kyiv, Ukraine. Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University, Kyiv, Ukraine.
ABSTRACT
Various aspects of the influence of the quasi-real photons and the Coulomb resonances on the formation of the crosssection of inelastic scattering of high energy electrons on atomic nuclei are investigated. Emiss is the energy that disappears in the processes of knocking-on of protons in the reactions
. A new hypothesis that interprets the origin of the energy losses is proposed. Specific experiments that can confirm or refute this hypothesis are proposed as well. The “regularized” cross-sections of electro-disintegration of nuclei by high-energy electrons 
are calculated in the framework of the nuclear shell model. It is shown that for the experimental verification of the existence of Coulomb resonances, it is necessary to investigate the 
processes at relatively small angles of scattering. The peculiarities of numerical methods that are crucial in the investigation of inelastic scattering of high-energy electrons on nuclei in the framework of the nuclear shell model are analyzed in this work as well. The cross-sections of the scattering of high-energy electrons on the angle 
are calculated. It is shown that the orthogonality of the wave functions of a knocked-on proton in the initial and final states plays an important role in the interpretation of this process.
Various aspects of the influence of the quasi-real photons and the Coulomb resonances on the formation of the crosssection of inelastic scattering of high energy electrons on atomic nuclei are investigated. Emiss is the energy that disappears in the processes of knocking-on of protons in the reactions
. A new hypothesis that interprets the origin of the energy losses is proposed. Specific experiments that can confirm or refute this hypothesis are proposed as well. The “regularized” cross-sections of electro-disintegration of nuclei by high-energy electrons are calculated in the framework of the nuclear shell model. It is shown that for the experimental verification of the existence of Coulomb resonances, it is necessary to investigate the processes at relatively small angles of scattering. The peculiarities of numerical methods that are crucial in the investigation of inelastic scattering of high-energy electrons on nuclei in the framework of the nuclear shell model are analyzed in this work as well. The cross-sections of the scattering of high-energy electrons on the angle are calculated. It is shown that the orthogonality of the wave functions of a knocked-on proton in the initial and final states plays an important role in the interpretation of this process.
Cite this paper
A. Pasichnyi and O. Prygodiuk, "The Coulomb Resonances, the Quasi-Real Photons and Electro-Disintegration of Nuclei by High-Energy Electrons," Open Journal of Microphysics, Vol. 3 No. 3, 2013, pp. 85-105. doi: 10.4236/ojm.2013.33015.
A. Pasichnyi and O. Prygodiuk, "The Coulomb Resonances, the Quasi-Real Photons and Electro-Disintegration of Nuclei by High-Energy Electrons," Open Journal of Microphysics, Vol. 3 No. 3, 2013, pp. 85-105. doi: 10.4236/ojm.2013.33015.
References
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Dutta, et al., “Separated Spectral Functions for the Quasifree 12C(e,e’p) Reaction,” Physical Review C, Vol. 61, No. 6, 2000, Article ID: 061602. [24] A. Meucci, C. Giusti and F. D. Pacati, “Relativistic Corrections in (e,e’p) Knockout Reactions,” Physical Review C, Vol. 64, No. 1, 2001, Article ID: 014604. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.64.014604 [25] A. A. Pasichnyi and O. A. Prigodyuk, “On the Electro-disintegration of Nuclei,” Physics of Atomic Nuclei, Vol. 68, No. 12, 2005, pp. 1988-2008. [26] O. Benhar, D. Day and I. Sick, “Inclusive Quasielastic Electron-Nucleus Scattering,” Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 80, No. 1, 2008, pp. 189-224. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.80.189 [27] A. A. Pasichnyi, “The Coulomb Resonances and Dynamics of Electrodisintegration of Nuclei by High-Energy Electrons,” Physics of Particles and Nuclei, Vol. 41, No. 1, 2010, pp. 108-148. doi:10.1134/S1063779610010065 [28] J. J. Sakurai, “Advanced Quantum Mechanics,” Addison Wesley Publishing Company, Reading, 1967. [29] V. V. Balashov, “Quantum Theory of Collisions,” Moskow University, Moskow, 1985, in Russian. [30] V. B. Berestetskii, E. M. Lifshitz and L. P. Pitaevskii, “Course of Theoretical Physics, Quantum Electro-dynamics,” Vol. 4, Pergamon, Oxford, 1982. [31] A. S. Davydov, “Theory of the Atomic Nucleus,” Nauka, Moscow, 1958 (in Russian). [32] D. A. Varshalovich, A. N. Moskalev and V. K. Hersonskiy, “Quantum Theory of Angular Momentum,” World Scientific, Singapore, 1988. [33] S. E. Koonin, “Computational Physics,” Addison Wesley Publishing Company, London, 1986. [34] H. F. Lutz and M. D. Karvelis, “Numerical Calculation of Coulomb Wave Functions for Repulsive Coulomb Fields,” Nuclear Physics, Vol. 43, No. 1, 1963, pp. 31-44. doi:10.1016/0029-5582(63)90325-0 [35] M. Abramowitz and I. A. Stegun, “Handbook of Mathematical Functions,” National Bureau of Standarts: Applied Mathematics Series 55, 1964.
[1] A. G. Sitenko and V. N. Gur’ev, “Inelastic Scattering of High Energy Electrons on Nuclei,” Soviet Physics—JETP, Vol. 12, No. 8, 1960, pp. 1228-1234. [2] K. W. McVoy and L. Van Hove, “Inelastic Electron-Nucleus Scattering and Nucleon-Nucleon Correlations,” Physical Review, Vol. 125, No. 3, 1962, pp. 1034-1043. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.125.1034 [3] W. Czyz, “Inelastic Electron Scattering from Nuclei and Single-Particle Excitations,” Physical Review, Vol. 131, No. 5, 1963, pp. 2141-2148. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.131.2141 [4] V. Devanathan, “Quasi-Free Scattering of Electrons and Nuclear Shell Structure,” Annals ohysics, Vol. 43, No. 1, 1967, pp.74-90. doi:10.1016/0003-4916(67)90292-8 [5] V. K. Tartakovskii and A. A. Pasichnyi, “Inelastic Scattering of High-Speed Electrons by Nuclei with Nucleon Knockout,” Ukrainian Journal of Physics, Vol. 13, No. 8, 1968, pp. 1361-1368. [6] A. A. Pasichnyi and V. K. Tartakovskii, “Coupled One-Particle States of Nucleons in a Spherical Potential,” Ukrainian Journal of Physics, Vol. 13, No. 12, 1968, pp. 2013-2019. [7] A. G. Sitenko, A. A. Pasichnyi and V. K. Tartakovskii,“On Electrodisintegration of Light Nuclei,” Soviet Journal of Nuclear Physics, Vol. 12, 1970, pp. 663-672. [8] A. A. Pasichnyi, “Study of Nuclear Shell Structure in Inelastic High Energy Electron Scattering,” Ukrainian Journal of Physics, Vol. 17, No. 7, 1972, pp. 1130-1138. [9] R. R. Whitney et al., “Quasielastic Electron Scattering,” Physical Review C, Vol. 9, No. 6, 1974, pp. 2230-2235. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.9.2230 [10] J. Moygey, et al., “Quasi-Free (e, e’p) Scattering on 12C, 28Si, 40Ca and 58Ni,” Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 262, No. 3, 1976, pp. 461-492. doi:10.1016/0375-9474(76)90510-8 [11] J. S. O’Connell, et al., “Electromagnetic Excitation of the Delta Resonance in Nuclei,” Physical Review C, Vol. 35, No. 3, 1987, pp. 1063-1071. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.35.1063 [12] A. A. Pasichnyi, “On Dynamics of Electrodisintegration of Nuclei at Low Energies,” Soviet Journal of Nuclear Physics, Vol. 54, No. 12, 1991, pp. 944-955. [13] A. A. Pasichnyi, “Coulomb Resonances and Nuclear Disintegration,” Ukrainian Journal of Physics, Vol. 37, No. 4, 1992, pp. 487-497. [14] M. Zhongyu and F. Dachun, “Quasielastic Electron Scattering in Quasiparticle Approach,” Physical Review C, Vol. 45, No. 2, 1992, pp. 811-818. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.45.811 [15] G. Garino, et al., “Proton Propagation in Nuclei Studied in the (e,e’p) Reaction, ” Physical Review C, Vol. 45, No. 2, 1992, pp. 780-790. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.45.780 [16] V. R. Pandharipande and S. C. Pieper, “Nuclear Transparency to Intermediate-Energy Nucleons from (e,e’p) Reactions,” Physical Review C, Vol. 45, No. 2, 1992, pp. 791-798. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.45.791 [17] Y. H. Jin, D. S. Onley and L. E. Wright, “Electron Coulomb Effects in Quasielastic (e,e’p) Reactions,” Physical Review C, Vol. 45, No. 3, 1992, pp. 1311-1320. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.45.1311 [18] A. A. Pasichnyi, “Dynamics of Electrodisintegration of Nuclei at Low Energies,” Proceedings of the 8th Seminar on Electromagnetic Nuclear Interactions at Low and Intermediate Energies, Nauka, January 1992, pp. 296-299. [19] A. A. Pasichnyi, “Quasi-Discrete Spectra of Atomic Nuclei,” Ukrainian Journal of Physics, Vol. 38, No. 11, 1993, pp. 1619-1630. [20] D. B. Day, et al., “Inclusive Electron-Nucleus Scattering at High Momentum Transfer,” Physical Review C, Vol. 48, No. 4, 1993, 1849-1863. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.48.1849 [21] A. I. Akhiezer, A. G. Sitenko and V. K. Tartakovskii, “Nuclear Electrodynamics,” Springer, Berlin, 1994. [22] C. F. Williamson et al., “Quasielastic Electron Scattering from 40Ca,” Physical Review C, Vol. 56, No. 6, 1997, pp. 3152-3172. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.56.3152 [23] D. Dutta, et al., “Separated Spectral Functions for the Quasifree 12C(e,e’p) Reaction,” Physical Review C, Vol. 61, No. 6, 2000, Article ID: 061602. [24] A. Meucci, C. Giusti and F. D. Pacati, “Relativistic Corrections in (e,e’p) Knockout Reactions,” Physical Review C, Vol. 64, No. 1, 2001, Article ID: 014604. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.64.014604 [25] A. A. Pasichnyi and O. A. Prigodyuk, “On the Electro-disintegration of Nuclei,” Physics of Atomic Nuclei, Vol. 68, No. 12, 2005, pp. 1988-2008. [26] O. Benhar, D. Day and I. Sick, “Inclusive Quasielastic Electron-Nucleus Scattering,” Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 80, No. 1, 2008, pp. 189-224. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.80.189 [27] A. A. Pasichnyi, “The Coulomb Resonances and Dynamics of Electrodisintegration of Nuclei by High-Energy Electrons,” Physics of Particles and Nuclei, Vol. 41, No. 1, 2010, pp. 108-148. doi:10.1134/S1063779610010065 [28] J. J. Sakurai, “Advanced Quantum Mechanics,” Addison Wesley Publishing Company, Reading, 1967. [29] V. V. Balashov, “Quantum Theory of Collisions,” Moskow University, Moskow, 1985, in Russian. [30] V. B. Berestetskii, E. M. Lifshitz and L. P. Pitaevskii, “Course of Theoretical Physics, Quantum Electro-dynamics,” Vol. 4, Pergamon, Oxford, 1982. [31] A. S. Davydov, “Theory of the Atomic Nucleus,” Nauka, Moscow, 1958 (in Russian). [32] D. A. Varshalovich, A. N. Moskalev and V. K. Hersonskiy, “Quantum Theory of Angular Momentum,” World Scientific, Singapore, 1988. [33] S. E. Koonin, “Computational Physics,” Addison Wesley Publishing Company, London, 1986. [34] H. F. Lutz and M. D. Karvelis, “Numerical Calculation of Coulomb Wave Functions for Repulsive Coulomb Fields,” Nuclear Physics, Vol. 43, No. 1, 1963, pp. 31-44. doi:10.1016/0029-5582(63)90325-0 [35] M. Abramowitz and I. A. Stegun, “Handbook of Mathematical Functions,” National Bureau of Standarts: Applied Mathematics Series 55, 1964.