Development of an Indicator Scheme for the Environment Impact Assessment in the Federal District, Mexico
Affiliation(s)
Center for Demographic, Urban and Environmental Studies, El Colegio de México A.C., Mexico City, Mexico. Postgraduate in Geography, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.
Center for Demographic, Urban and Environmental Studies, El Colegio de México A.C., Mexico City, Mexico. Postgraduate in Geography, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.
ABSTRACT
In this work is developed a proposal of environment indicators needed for the Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) process in Mexico’s Federal District (FD); through which are authorized the construction and realization of different work actions and activities. The methodology is based on the combination of cabinet and field work, performed in three stages. In the first, a documental review was carried out within the topic of Environment Impact (EI), the EIA and the study area, with a subsequent analysis of the environment indicators at an international, national and regional scale. In the second, the systematization of information was performed for the sixteen study cases at a local scale and the organization and analysis of a data base with the allotted information. And in the last stage, a field work was realized with participative observations in three verification sites and interview applications to the principal actors of the EIA process. These results allowed: to determine the main limitations within the EIA process (methodological, technical and operational), to propose an indicators scheme, and to formulate recommendations focused on the improvement of this Environment Public Policy instrument.
KEYWORDS
Environment Impact; Environment Impact Assessment; Environment Indicators; Federal District; Mexico
Environment Impact; Environment Impact Assessment; Environment Indicators; Federal District; Mexico
Cite this paper
M. Perevochtchikova and I. Negrete, "Development of an Indicator Scheme for the Environment Impact Assessment in the Federal District, Mexico," Journal of Environmental Protection, Vol. 4 No. 3, 2013, pp. 226-237. doi: 10.4236/jep.2013.43027.
M. Perevochtchikova and I. Negrete, "Development of an Indicator Scheme for the Environment Impact Assessment in the Federal District, Mexico," Journal of Environmental Protection, Vol. 4 No. 3, 2013, pp. 226-237. doi: 10.4236/jep.2013.43027.
References
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[1] R. Carson, “Silent Spring,” Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, 1962. [2] R. K. Morgan, “Environmental Impact Assessment: The State of the Art,” Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, Vol. 30, No. 1, 2012, pp. 5-14. [3] IAIA, “EIA Follow-Up. International Best Practice Principles,” Special Publication Series No. 6, 2007. www.iaia.org [4] IAIA, “What Is Impact Assessment?” 2009. www.iaia.org [5] C. Wood, “Environmental Impact Assessment. A Comparative Review,” 2nd edition, London, Prentice Hall, 2003. [6] P. André, C. E. Delisle and J. P. Revéret, “Environmental Assessment for Sustainable Development: Processes, Actors and Practice,” Presses Internationales Polytechnique, Montreal, 2004. [7] S. Nooteboom, “Impact Assessment Procedures for Sustainable Development: A Complexity Theory Perspective,” Environmental impact Assessment Review, Vol. 27, No. 7, 2007, pp. 645-665. doi:10.1016/j.eiar.2007.05.006 [8] J. Weston, “EIA, Decision-Making Theory and Screening and Scoping in UK Practice,” Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Vol. 43, No. 2, 2000, pp. 185-203. doi:10.1080/09640560010667 [9] S. Jay, C. Jones, P. Slinn and C. Word, “Environmental Impact Assessment: Retrospective and Prospect,” Environmental Impact Assessment Review, Vol. 27, No. 4, 2007, pp. 287-300. doi:10.1016/j.eiar.2006.12.001 [10] A. J. Sinclair, A. Diduck and P. Fitzpatrick, “Conceptualizing Learning for Sustainability Environmental Assessment: Critical Reflections on 15 Years of Research,” Environmental Impact Assessment Review, Vol. 28, No. 7, 2008, pp. 415-428. doi:10.1016/j.eiar.2007.11.001 [11] R. A. Becerra, “La Evaluación del Impacto Ambiental en México. Situación actua y Perspectivas Futuras,” 2012. http://www.ceja.org.mx/IMG/pdf/Situacion_actual.pdf [12] GDF, “Gaceta Oficial del Distrito Federal 12-06-2008,” N 354, 2008. www.ordenjuridico.gob.mx/ [13] SMA-GDF, “Trámites y Servicios de Regulación Ambiental,” Distrito Federal, México, Secretaría de Medio Ambiente, 2009. [14] COLMEX, “Desarrollo de Indicadores Ambientales a Nivel Local para la Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental: Caso Distrito Federal,” Informe Final, COLMEX, UNAM, 2011. [15] E. Vidal de los Santos and J. Franco López, “Impacto Ambiental. Una Herramienta Para el Desarrollo sustentable,” México, AGT Editor, 2009. [16] D. G. Orea, “Evaluación del Impacto Ambiental. Un Instrumento Preventivo para la Gestión Ambiental,” Mundi Prensa, Madrid, 2003. [17] B. A. Morrison-Sounders and J. Pope, “Sustainability Assessment: The State of the Art,” Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, Vol. 30, No. 1, 2012, pp. 53-62. doi:10.1080/14615517.2012.661974 [18] A. M. Esteves, D. Franks and F. Vanclay, “Social Impact Assessment: The State of the Art,” Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, Vol. 30, No. 1, 2012, pp. 34-42. doi:10.1080/14615517.2012.660356 [19] J. Pope, A. Morrison-Saunders and D. Annandale, “Applying Sustainability Assessment Models,” Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, Vol. 23, No. 4, 2005, pp. 293-302. doi:10.3152/147154605781765436 [20] INE-SEMARNAP, “La Evaluación del Impacto Ambiental. Logros y Retos Para el Desarrollo Sustentable 1995-2000,” México, SEMARNAP, 2000. [21] M. F. Tetlow and M. Hanusch, “Strategic Environmental Assessment: The State of the Art,” Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, Vol. 30, No. 1, 2012, pp. 15-24. doi:10.1080/14615517.2012.666400 [22] O. Bina, “A Critical Review of the Dominant Lines of Argumentation on the Need for Strategic Environmental Assessment,” Environmental Impact Assessment Review, Vol. 27, No. 7, 2007, pp. 585-606. doi:10.1016/j.eiar.2007.05.003 [23] R. Gibson, “Sustainability Assessment: Basic Components of a Practical Approach,” Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, Vol. 24, No. 3, 2006, pp. 170-182. doi:10.3152/147154606781765147 [24] Bond and J. Pope, “The State of the Art of Impact Assessment in 2012,” Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, Vol. 30, No. 1, 2012, pp. 1-4. [25] IISD, “Beyond Delusion: A Science and Policy Dialogue on Designing Effective Indicators for Sustainable Development,” Seminar Inform, 1999. [26] H. Adrianse, E. Rodenburg, D. Bryant and R. Woodward, “Environmental Indicators: A Systematic Approach to Measuring and Reporting on Environmental Policy Performance in the Context of Sustainable Development,” World Resource Institute, Washington DC, 1995. [27] Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development, “Towards Sustainable Development: Environmental Indicators,” OECD, Paris, 1998. [28] ONU, WWAP, “1er Informe de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Desarrollo de los Recursos Hídricos en el Mundo: Agua para Todos, Agua Para la Vida,” UNESCO y Berghahn Books, Nueva York y Oxford, París, 2003. [29] PNUD, “Indicators of Sustainable Development: Guidelines and Methodologies,” United Nations, 2007. [30] Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development, “OECD Environmental Indicators. Towards Sustainable Development,” OECD, Paris, 2001. [31] Donnelly, M. B. Jones, T. O′Mahony and G. Byrne, “Selecting Environmental Indicator for Use in Strategic Environmental Assessment,” Environmental Impact Assessment Review, Vol. 27, No. 2, 2006, pp. 161-175. doi:10.1016/j.eiar.2006.10.006 [32] Donnelly, M. B. Jones, T. O′Mahony and G. Byrne, “Decision Support Framework for Establishing Objectives, Targets and Indicators Doe Use in SEA,” Impact Assessment Project Appraisal, Vol. 24, No. 2, 2006, pp. 151157. doi:10.3152/147154606781765246 [33] J. Gao, “Comparative Study of SEA Experiences between EU and China: The Use of Indicators,” Proceedings of EASY-ECO Conference on Sustainable Development Evaluation in Europe, Brussels, 17-19 November 2010, pp. 1-13. http://www.wu.ac.at/inst/fsnu/brussels/papers/gao.pdf [34] V. A. Cloquell-Ballester, R. Monterde-Díaz and M. C. Santamarina-Siurana, “Indicators Validation for the Improvement If Environmental and Social Impact Quantitative Assessment,” Environmental Impact Assessment Review, Vol. 26, No. 1, 2006, pp. 79-105. doi:10.1016/j.eiar.2005.06.002 [35] T. Gómez-Navarro, M. García-Melón, S. Acu?a-Dutra and D. Díaz-Martín, “An Environmental Pressure Index Proposal for Urban Development Planning Based on the Analytic Process,” Environmental Impact Assessment Review, Vol. 29, No. 5, 2009, pp. 319-329. doi:10.1016/j.eiar.2008.10.004 [36] SEMARNAT, “Informe de la Situación Ambiental del Medio Ambiente en México, 2003,” Compendio de Estadísticas Ambientales, México, SEMARNAT, 2003. 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Bartelmus, “Sustainable Development Indicators: Proposals for the Way Forward,” International Institute for Sustainable Development, Winnipeg, 2005. [44] World Bank, “Expanding the Measure of Wealth: Indicators of Environmentally Sustainable Development,” Environmentally Sustainable Development Studies and Monographs Series, No. 17, World Bank, Washington DC, 1997. [45] EEA, “Environmental Indicators: Typology and Use in Reporting,” EEA Internal Working Paper, 2003. [46] Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development, “Environmental Indicators. A Preliminary Set. Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development,” Publication Service, OECD, Paris, 1991. [47] R. M. Quiroga, “Indicadores de Sostenibilidad Ambiental y Desarrollo Sostenible: Estado del Arte y Perspectivas,” N 16, CEPAL—Serie de Manuales, 2001. [48] Bockstaller and P. Girardin, “How to Validate Environmental Indicators,” Agricultural System, Vol. 76, No. 2, 2003, pp. 639-653. doi:10.1016/S0308-521X(02)00053-7 [49] R. Ortega, “El Sistema Nacional de Indicadores Ambientales (SNIA),” En: J. L. Blanco y M. L. R. Gamino, Coord., Desarrollo de Indicadores Ambientales en México, IGUNAM, México DF, 2008, pp. 15-26. [50] INE-SEMARNAP, “Avances en el Desarrollo de de Indicadores para la Evaluación del Desempeno Ambiental en México,” 1997. http://www.ine.gob.mx/indicadores/espanol/portada.htm [51] INE-SEMARNAP, “Evaluación del Desempeno Ambiental. Reporte 2000,” SEMARNAP, México, 2000. [52] SNIA, “Indicadores Básicos de Desempeno Ambiental,” 2012. http://app1.semarnat.gob.mx/dgeia/_
indicadores2010_web/indicadores_2010/00_conjunto/marco_conceptual3.html [53] J. López Blanco and M. L. Rodríguez Gamino, Coord., “Desarrollo de Indicadores Ambientales en México,” Colección: Geografía para el Siglo XXI. Serie: Libros de Investigación, Num.3, IGG-UNAM, México DF, 2008. [54] L. B. Leopold, F. E. Clarke and B. B. H. Balsley, “A Procedure for Evaluating Environmental Impact,” Geological Survey Circular 645, Washington DC, 1971. [55] P. André, C. E. Delise and J. P. Revéret, “L′évaluation des Impacts sur l′Environnement. Processus, Acteurs et Practique Pour un Développement Durable,” 3e Edition, Presses Internaionales Politichnique, Quebec, 2010.