Effect of electric pulse charged to culture soil on improvement of nutritional soil condition and growth of lettuce (Lactuca sative L.)
Affiliation(s)
Department of Biological Engineering, Seokyeong University, Seoul, Korea. Department of Radiation Biology, Environmental Radiation Research Group, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon, Korea.
Department of Biological Engineering, Seokyeong University, Seoul, Korea. Department of Radiation Biology, Environmental Radiation Research Group, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon, Korea.
ABSTRACT
This study is intended to measure variations of nutritional soil condition and mass spectrometric patterns to describe the specific effects of electric pulse charged to culture soil which induced an increase of lettuce growth. In a previous study, lettuce cultivated in an electrically pulsed culture soil (EPCS) grew more actively than those in a conventional culture soil (CCS). Lettuce growth increased about 20% more in EPCS than CCS during cultivated for 21 days in this study. Content of nutrient salts and minerals varied in CCS and EPCS when assayed after the period of lettuce cultivation. Ammonium content in CCS was higher than that in EPCS but nitrate content was opposite of the ammonium. Inorganic N-compounds in EPCS was about 2.5 times higher than that in CCS. Content of phosphate in CCS increased greatly by lettuce cultivation but was about 2 times lower than that in EPCS. Contents of minerals in EPCS were relatively higher than those in CCS excepting Fe. Patterns of chromatography and mass spectrometry for water soluble compounds extracted from lettuces cultivated in EPCS were considerably different from those in CCS. Conclusively, electric pulse caused increased lettuce growth, improved nutritional soil conditions, and varied mass spectrometric patterns.
This study is intended to measure variations of nutritional soil condition and mass spectrometric patterns to describe the specific effects of electric pulse charged to culture soil which induced an increase of lettuce growth. In a previous study, lettuce cultivated in an electrically pulsed culture soil (EPCS) grew more actively than those in a conventional culture soil (CCS). Lettuce growth increased about 20% more in EPCS than CCS during cultivated for 21 days in this study. Content of nutrient salts and minerals varied in CCS and EPCS when assayed after the period of lettuce cultivation. Ammonium content in CCS was higher than that in EPCS but nitrate content was opposite of the ammonium. Inorganic N-compounds in EPCS was about 2.5 times higher than that in CCS. Content of phosphate in CCS increased greatly by lettuce cultivation but was about 2 times lower than that in EPCS. Contents of minerals in EPCS were relatively higher than those in CCS excepting Fe. Patterns of chromatography and mass spectrometry for water soluble compounds extracted from lettuces cultivated in EPCS were considerably different from those in CCS. Conclusively, electric pulse caused increased lettuce growth, improved nutritional soil conditions, and varied mass spectrometric patterns.
Cite this paper
Yi, J. , Choi, J. , Jeon, B. , Jung, I. and Park, D. (2012) Effect of electric pulse charged to culture soil on improvement of nutritional soil condition and growth of lettuce (Lactuca sative L.). Agricultural Sciences, 3, 941-948. doi: 10.4236/as.2012.37115.
Yi, J. , Choi, J. , Jeon, B. , Jung, I. and Park, D. (2012) Effect of electric pulse charged to culture soil on improvement of nutritional soil condition and growth of lettuce (Lactuca sative L.). Agricultural Sciences, 3, 941-948. doi: 10.4236/as.2012.37115.
References
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(1983) Electric field effects on bacteria and yeast cells. Radiation and Environmental Biophysics, 22, 149-162. doi:10.1007/BF01338893 [18] Marquez, V.O., mittal, G.S. and Griffiths, M.W. (1997) Destruction and inhibition of bacterial spores by high voltage pulsed electric field. Food Science, 62, 399-401. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1997.tb04010.x [19] Chiwacha, S.D.S., Abrams, S.R., Amberose, S.J., Cutler, A.J., Loewen, M., Ross, A.R.S. and Kermode, A.R. (2003) A method for profiling classes of plant hormones and their metabolites using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry: An analysis of hormone regulation of thermodormancy of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seeds. The Plant Journal, 35, 405-471. doi:10.1046/j.1365-313X.2003.01800.x [20] Kojima, M., Kamada-Nobusada, T., Komatsu, H., Takei, K., Kuroha, T., Mizutani, M., Ashikari, M., Ueguchi-Tanaka, M., Matsuoke, M., Suzuki, K. and Sakakibara, H. (2009) Highly sensitive and high-throughput analysis of plant hormones using msprobe modification and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: An application for hormone profiling in Oryza sativa. Plant Cell Physiology, 50, 1201-1214. doi:10.1093/pcp/pcp057 [21] Kronzucker, H.J., Siddiqi, M.Y., Glass A.D.J. and Kirk G.J.D. (1999) Nitrate-ammonium synergism in rice. A subcellular flux analysis. Plant Physiology, 119, 1041-1046. doi:10.1104/pp.119.3.1041 [22] Cao, W. and Tibbits, T.W. (1993) Study of various / mixtures for enhanced growth of potatoes. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 16, 1691-1704. doi:10.1080/01904169309364643 [23] Lees, H. and Simpson, J.R. (1957) The biochemistry of the nitrifying organisms. Nitrite oxidation by Nitrobacter. Biochemical Journal, 65, 297-305. [24] Belser, L.W. and Mays, E.L. (1980) Specific inhibition of nitrite oxidation by chlorate and its use in assessing nitrification in soil and sediments. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 39, 505-510. [25] Rice, C.W. and Tiedje, J.M. (1989) Regulation of nitrate assimilation by ammonium in soils and in isolated soil microorganisms, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 21, 597- 602. doi:10.1016/0038-0717(89)90135-1 [26] Jiang, L., Wang R., Li, X., Jiang, L. and Lu, G. (2005) Electrochemical oxidation behavior of nitrite on a chitosan-carboxylated multiwall carbon modified electrode. Electrochemistry Communication, 7, 597-601. doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2005.04.009 [27] Freitas, J.R., Banerjee, M.R. and Germida, J.J. (1997) Phosphatesolubilizing rhizo-bacteria enhance the growth and yield but not phosphorus uptake of canola (Brassica napus L.). Biology and Fertility of Soil, 24, 358-364. doi:10.1007/s003740050258 [28] Narsian, V. and Patel, H.H. (2000) Aspertgillus aculeatus as a rock phosphate solubilizer. Soil Biology& Biochemistry, 32, 559-565. doi:10.1016/S0038-0717(99)00184-4 [29] Hilda, R. and Reynaldo, F. (1999) Phosphate solubilizing bacteria and their role in plant growth promotion. Biotechnology Advances, 17, 319-339. doi:10.1016/S0734-9750(99)00014-2 [30] Shenker, M., Seitelbach, S., Brand, S., Haim, A. and Litaor, M.I. (2005) Redox reactions and phosphorus release in reflooded soils of an altered wetland. European Journal of Soil Science, 56, 515-525. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2389.2004.00692.x [31] Uroz, S., Calvaruso, C., Turpault, M.P. and Frey-Klett, P. (2009) Mineral weathering by bacteria: Ecology, actors and mechanisms. Trends in Microbiology, 17, 378-387. doi:10.1016/j.tim.2009.05.004 [32] Ayllon, E.S., Granese, S.L. and Rosales, B.M. (1990) Electrochemical response of weathering and plain c steels in different environments. Corrosion Reviews, 9, 246-269. doi:10.1515/CORRREV.1990.9.3-4.245 [33] Yamaguchi, K.E. (2001) Evolution of the geochemical cycles of redox-sensitive elements. Frontier Research on Earth Evolution, 1, 249-252.
[1] Yi, J.Y., Choi, J.W., Jeon, B.Y. and Park, D.H. (2012) Effect of a low-voltage electric pulse charged to culture soil on plant growth and variation of the bacterial community. Agricultural Sciences, 3, 339-346. doi:10.4236/as.2012.33038 [2] Liu, S.Q., Wu, N.J. and Ignatiev, A. (2000) Electric-pulse-induced reversible resistance change effect in magnetoresitive films. Applied Physics Letters, 76, 2749-2751. doi:10.1063/1.126464 [3] Meilhoc, E., Masson, J.M. and Teissié, J. (1990) High efficiency transformation of intact yeast cells by electric field pulse. Nature Biotechnology, 8, 223-227. doi:10.1038/nbt0390-223 [4] Glick, B.R., Karaturovic, D.M. and Newell, P.C. (1995) A novel procedure for rapid isolation of plant growth promoting Pseudomonads. Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 41, 533-536. doi:10.1139/m95-070 [5] Kennedy, I.R., Perg-Gerk, L.L., Wood, C., Deaker, R., Gilchrist, K. and Katupitiya, S. (1997). Biological nitrogen fixation in non-leguminous field crop: Facilitating the evolution of an effective association between Azospirillum and wheat. Plant Soil, 194, 65-79. doi:10.1023/A:1004260222528 [6] Kleeberger, A., Castroph, H. and Klingmuller, W. (1983) The rhizosphere microflora of wheat and barley with special reference to gram-negative bacteria. Archives of Microbiology, 136, 306-311. doi:10.1007/BF00425222 [7] Sakthivel, N. and Gnanamanikam, SS. (1987) Evaluation of Pseudomonas fluorescens for suppression of sheath rot disease and for enhances in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 53, 2056-2059. [8] Ochs, M., Brunner, I., Stumm, W. and Cosovic, B. (1993) Effects of root exudates and humic substances on weathering kinetics. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 68, 213-229. doi:10.1007/BF00479404 [9] House, K.Z., House, C.H., Schrag, D.P. and Aziz, M.J. (2007) Electrochemical accelaeation of chemical weathering as an energetically feasible approach to mitigating anthropogenic climate change. Environmental Science & Technology, 41, 8864-8870. doi:10.1021/es0701816 [10] Jenny, H. and Overstreet, R. (1939) Surface migration of ions and contact exchange. Journal of Physical Chemistry, 43, 1185-1196. doi:10.1021/j150396a010 [11] Unwin, P.R. and Bard, A.J. (1992) Scanning electrochemical microscopy. 14. Scanning electrochemical microscope induced desorption: A new technique for the measurement of adsorption/desorption kinetics and surface diffusion rates at the solid/liquid interface. The Journal of Physics Chemistry, 96, 5035-5045. [12] Zhou, W., Inoue, S., Iwahashi, t., Kanai, K., Seki, K., Miyamae, T., Kim D., Katayama, Y. and Ouchi, Y. (2010) Double layer structure and adsorption/desorption hysteresis of neat inonic on Pt electrode surface-an in-situ IR-visible sum-frequency generation spectroscopic study. Electrochemistry Communication, 12, 672-675. doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2010.03.003 [13] Yeung, A.T. Hsu, C. and Menon, R.M. (1997) Physicochemical soil-contaminant interactions during electrokinetic extraction. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 55, 221-237. doi:10.1016/S0304-3894(97)00017-4 [14] Palaniappan, S., Sastry, S.K. and Richter, E.R. (1990) Effects of electricity on microorganisms: A review. Journal of Food Processing & Preservation, 14, 393-414. doi:10.1111/j.1745-4549.1990.tb00142.x [15] Zhang, Q., Qin, B.L., Barbosa-Cánovas, G.V. and Swanson, B.G. (1995) Inactivation of E. coli for food pasteurization by high-strength pulsed electric fields. Journal of Food Processing & Preservation, 19, 103-118. doi:10.1111/j.1745-4549.1995.tb00281.x [16] Grahl, T. and Maerkl, H. (1996) Killing of microorganisms by pulsed electric fields. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 45, 148-157. doi:10.1007/s002530050663 [17] Hulsheger, H., Potel, J. and Niemann, E.G. (1983) Electric field effects on bacteria and yeast cells. Radiation and Environmental Biophysics, 22, 149-162. doi:10.1007/BF01338893 [18] Marquez, V.O., mittal, G.S. and Griffiths, M.W. (1997) Destruction and inhibition of bacterial spores by high voltage pulsed electric field. Food Science, 62, 399-401. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1997.tb04010.x [19] Chiwacha, S.D.S., Abrams, S.R., Amberose, S.J., Cutler, A.J., Loewen, M., Ross, A.R.S. and Kermode, A.R. (2003) A method for profiling classes of plant hormones and their metabolites using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry: An analysis of hormone regulation of thermodormancy of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seeds. The Plant Journal, 35, 405-471. doi:10.1046/j.1365-313X.2003.01800.x [20] Kojima, M., Kamada-Nobusada, T., Komatsu, H., Takei, K., Kuroha, T., Mizutani, M., Ashikari, M., Ueguchi-Tanaka, M., Matsuoke, M., Suzuki, K. and Sakakibara, H. (2009) Highly sensitive and high-throughput analysis of plant hormones using msprobe modification and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: An application for hormone profiling in Oryza sativa. Plant Cell Physiology, 50, 1201-1214. doi:10.1093/pcp/pcp057 [21] Kronzucker, H.J., Siddiqi, M.Y., Glass A.D.J. and Kirk G.J.D. (1999) Nitrate-ammonium synergism in rice. A subcellular flux analysis. Plant Physiology, 119, 1041-1046. doi:10.1104/pp.119.3.1041 [22] Cao, W. and Tibbits, T.W. (1993) Study of various / mixtures for enhanced growth of potatoes. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 16, 1691-1704. doi:10.1080/01904169309364643 [23] Lees, H. and Simpson, J.R. (1957) The biochemistry of the nitrifying organisms. Nitrite oxidation by Nitrobacter. Biochemical Journal, 65, 297-305. [24] Belser, L.W. and Mays, E.L. (1980) Specific inhibition of nitrite oxidation by chlorate and its use in assessing nitrification in soil and sediments. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 39, 505-510. [25] Rice, C.W. and Tiedje, J.M. (1989) Regulation of nitrate assimilation by ammonium in soils and in isolated soil microorganisms, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 21, 597- 602. doi:10.1016/0038-0717(89)90135-1 [26] Jiang, L., Wang R., Li, X., Jiang, L. and Lu, G. (2005) Electrochemical oxidation behavior of nitrite on a chitosan-carboxylated multiwall carbon modified electrode. Electrochemistry Communication, 7, 597-601. doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2005.04.009 [27] Freitas, J.R., Banerjee, M.R. and Germida, J.J. (1997) Phosphatesolubilizing rhizo-bacteria enhance the growth and yield but not phosphorus uptake of canola (Brassica napus L.). Biology and Fertility of Soil, 24, 358-364. doi:10.1007/s003740050258 [28] Narsian, V. and Patel, H.H. (2000) Aspertgillus aculeatus as a rock phosphate solubilizer. Soil Biology& Biochemistry, 32, 559-565. doi:10.1016/S0038-0717(99)00184-4 [29] Hilda, R. and Reynaldo, F. (1999) Phosphate solubilizing bacteria and their role in plant growth promotion. Biotechnology Advances, 17, 319-339. doi:10.1016/S0734-9750(99)00014-2 [30] Shenker, M., Seitelbach, S., Brand, S., Haim, A. and Litaor, M.I. (2005) Redox reactions and phosphorus release in reflooded soils of an altered wetland. European Journal of Soil Science, 56, 515-525. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2389.2004.00692.x [31] Uroz, S., Calvaruso, C., Turpault, M.P. and Frey-Klett, P. (2009) Mineral weathering by bacteria: Ecology, actors and mechanisms. Trends in Microbiology, 17, 378-387. doi:10.1016/j.tim.2009.05.004 [32] Ayllon, E.S., Granese, S.L. and Rosales, B.M. (1990) Electrochemical response of weathering and plain c steels in different environments. Corrosion Reviews, 9, 246-269. doi:10.1515/CORRREV.1990.9.3-4.245 [33] Yamaguchi, K.E. (2001) Evolution of the geochemical cycles of redox-sensitive elements. Frontier Research on Earth Evolution, 1, 249-252.