Mobile and Terrestrial but Firmly Rooted on the River Banks: Biological Anthropology of Lepenski Vir and the Iron Gates Gorge Mesolithic
Author(s)
Mirjana Roksandic*
ABSTRACT
Archaeological interpretation often links both the European Mesolithic and the complexity with reduced mobility and permanent or semi-permanent settlements. The Iron Gates Gorge (IGG) Mesolithic, on the banks of the Danube, with substantial formal disposal areas for the dead and canonized architecture, especially as manifested at the site of Lepenski Vir, fully conforms to this notion. Different aspects of bioarchaeological analysis – when evaluated concurrently – offer a counter-intuitive picture: at the time of its most complex development, the site of Lepenski Vir represented a focal point for a larger, more mobile hunter-gatherer group that identified with the site, its burials and its smaller resident population. The article explores the evidence provided by human skeletal remains and possible reasons behind these contradictory results.
Archaeological interpretation often links both the European Mesolithic and the complexity with reduced mobility and permanent or semi-permanent settlements. The Iron Gates Gorge (IGG) Mesolithic, on the banks of the Danube, with substantial formal disposal areas for the dead and canonized architecture, especially as manifested at the site of Lepenski Vir, fully conforms to this notion. Different aspects of bioarchaeological analysis – when evaluated concurrently – offer a counter-intuitive picture: at the time of its most complex development, the site of Lepenski Vir represented a focal point for a larger, more mobile hunter-gatherer group that identified with the site, its burials and its smaller resident population. The article explores the evidence provided by human skeletal remains and possible reasons behind these contradictory results.
Cite this paper
Roksandic, M. (2012). Mobile and Terrestrial but Firmly Rooted on the River Banks: Biological Anthropology of Lepenski Vir and the Iron Gates Gorge Mesolithic. Advances in Anthropology, 2, 117-124. doi: 10.4236/aa.2012.23014.
Roksandic, M. (2012). Mobile and Terrestrial but Firmly Rooted on the River Banks: Biological Anthropology of Lepenski Vir and the Iron Gates Gorge Mesolithic. Advances in Anthropology, 2, 117-124. doi: 10.4236/aa.2012.23014.
References
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[1] Babovi?, L. (1997). Location and function of the Sanctuaries at Lepenski Vir. In M. Lazi? (Ed.), Uzdarje dragoslavu srejovi?u/antidoron dragoslavo srejovi? (pp. 97-108). Beograd: Filozofski Fakultet. [2] Babovi?, L., & Srejovi?, D. (1981). Umetnost Lepenskog vira. Beograd: Narodni Muzej. [3] Barker, G. (1985). Prehistoric farming in Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [4] Bolomey, A. (1973). An outline of the Late Epipalaeolithic economy at the “Iron Gates”: The evidence of bones. Dacia N.S., 17, 41-52. [5] Bonsall, C. (2008). The Mesolithic of the iron gates. In G. Bailey, & P. Spikins (Eds.), Mesolithic Europe (pp. 238-279). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [6] Bonsall, C., Cook, G. T., Hedges, R. E., Higham, T. F., Pickard, C., & Radovanovi?, I. (2004). Radiocarbon and stable isotope evidence of dietary change from the Mesolithic to the Middle Ages in the Iron Gates: New results from Lepenski Vir. Radiocarbon, 46, 293-300. [7] Bonsall, C., Macklin, M. 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(1980). Probleme ale culturi Schela Cladovei-Lepenski Vir in lumina noilor cercetari. Drobeta, 4, 27-42. [19] Boroneant, V., Bonsall, C. et al. (1999). A Mesolithic burial area at Schela Cladovei, Romania. In A. Thévien (Ed.), In P. Bintz, & A. Thévenin (Eds.), L’Europe des derniers chasseurs: épipaléolithique et Mésolithique. Actes du 5e colloque international de l’UISPP, commission XII, Grenoble 18-23 septembre 1995 (pp. 385-390). Paris: éditions du Comité des Travaux Historiques et Scientifiques. [20] Buikstra, J. E., Frankenberg, S. R. et al. (1990). Skeletal biological distance studies in American physical anthropology: Recent trends. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 82, 1-7. doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330820102 [21] Carr, C., & Case, D. T. (2006). Gathering Hopewell. Society, ritual, and ritual interaction. New York: Springer Science and Media Inc. [22] Chapman, J. (2000). Fragmentation in archaeology, people, places and broken objects in the prehistory of South-Eastern Europe. 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Peters (Eds)., Documenta archaeobiologiae: Dechypering ancient bones (pp. 196-213). Rahden: Verlag Marie Leidrof Gmbh. [29] Hunn, E. S., & Williams N. M. (1982). Introduction. North American and Australian hunter-gatherers (pp. 1-16). Canberra: Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies. [30] Jackes, M. (2011). Representativeness and bias in archaeological skeletal samples. In S. C. Agarwal, & B. A. Glencross (Eds.), Social Bioarchaeology (pp. 107-146). Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell. [31] Jackes, M., Roksandic, M., & Meiklejohn, C. (2008). The demography of the djerdap Mesolithic/Neolithic transition. In C. Bonsall, I. Radovanovi?, & V. Boronean? (Eds.), Iron Gates gorge in the Mesolithic: New perspectives. BAR 1893 (pp. 77-88). Oxford: Archaeopress. [32] Jovanovi?, B. (1966). Hajdu?ka Vodenica, praistorijsko nalaziste. Arheolo?ki Pregled, 8, 102-103. [33] Jovanovi?, B. (1966). Sculptures de la necropole de l’age du fer a Hajducka vodenica. Arcaeologia Iugoslavica, 7, 31-34. [34] Jovanovi?, B. (1967). Hajdu?ka Vodenica, nalazi?te gvozdenog doba. Arheolo?ki Pregled, 9, 55-57. [35] Jovanovi?, B. (1968). Padina, naselje starijeg neolita i starijeg gvozdenog doba. Arheolo?ki Pregled, 10, 89-93. [36] Jovanovi?, B. (1969). Padina, naselje starijeg neolita i starijeg gvozdenog doba. Arheolo?ki Pregled, 11, 129-136. [37] Jovanovi?, B. (1970). Padina—Naselje mezolita, starijeg neolita i starijeg gvozdenog doba, rimska straza i ostava iz XIV veka. Arheolo?ki Pregled, 12, 78-84. [38] Jovanovi?, B. (1974). Praistorija gornjeg Djerdapa. Starinar n.s., 22, 1-22. [39] Larsen, C. S. (2002). Bioarchaeology: The lives and lifestyles of past people. Journal Journal of Archaeological Research, 10, 119-166. doi:10.1023/A:1015267705803 [40] Miki?, ?. (1981). Djerdapska serija kao antropolo?ki model neolitizacije. Glasnik Etnografskog Instituta SANU, 30, 103-130. [41] Nemeskeri, J. (1969). Stanovni?tvo Lepenskog Vira (Prethodni izve?taj). In D. Srejovi? (Ed.), Lepenski Vir (pp. 239-262). Beograd: Srpska Knji?evna Zadruga. [42] Nemeskeri, J., & Lengyel I. (1978). Laboratory examination on the vlasac bone finds. In D. Srejovi?, & Z. Letica (Eds.), Vlasac. Mezolitsko naselje u djerdapu (pp. 261-284). Beograd: SANU. 2 Geologija, Biologija, Antropologija. [43] Nemeskeri, J., & Szathmary L. (1978a). Analysis of the variation of quantitative traits. In D. Srejovi?, & Z. Letica (Eds.), Vlasac. Mezolitsko naselje u djerdapu (pp. 157-176). Beograd: SANU. 2 Geologija, Biologija, Antropologija. [44] Nemeskeri, J., & Szathmary L. (1978b). Individual data on the vlasac anthropological series. Vlasac. In D. Srejovi?, & Z. Letica (Eds.), Mezolitsko naselje u Djerdapu (pp. 285-426). Beograd: SANU. 2 Geologija, Biologija, Antropologija. [45] Nemeskeri, J., & Szathmary L. (1978c). Taxonomical structure of the vlasac mesolithic population. In D. Srejovi?, & Z. Letica (Eds.), Vlasac. Mezolitsko naselje u Djerdapu (pp. 177-229). 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