Seismic pounding and collapse behavior of neighboring buildings with different natural periods
Affiliation(s)
Division of Engineering Mechanics and Energy, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Japan. Collaborative Research Center, Ashikaga Institute of Technology, Ashikaga-shi, Japan. Science Programs Division, Japan Broadcasting Corporation, Tokyo, Japan. Kyoryo Consultants Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Engineering Mechanics and Energy, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Japan. Collaborative Research Center, Ashikaga Institute of Technology, Ashikaga-shi, Japan. Science Programs Division, Japan Broadcasting Corporation, Tokyo, Japan. Kyoryo Consultants Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
ABSTRACT
Seismic pounding phenomena, particularly the collision of neighboring buildings under long-period ground motion, are becoming a significant issue in Japan. We focused on a specific apartment structure called the Nuevo Leon buildings in the Tlatelolco district of Mexico City, which consisted of three similar buildings built consecutively with narrow expansion joints between the buildings. Two out of the three buildings collapsed completely in the 1985 Mexican earthquake. Using a finite element code based on the adaptively shifted integration (ASI)-Gauss technique, a seismic pounding analysis is performed on a simulated model of the Nuevo Leon buildings to understand the impact and collapse behavior of structures built near each other. The numerical code used in the analysis provides a higher computational efficiency than the conventional code for this type of problem and enables us to address dynamic behavior with strong nonlinearities, including phenomena such as member fracture and elemental contact. Contact release and recontact algorithms are developed and implemented in the code to understand the complex behaviors of structural members during seismic pounding and the collapse sequence. According to the numerical results, the collision of the buildings may be a result of the difference of natural periods between the neighboring buildings. This difference was detected in similar buildings from the damages caused by previous earthquakes. By setting the natural period of the north building to be 25% longer than the other periods, the ground motion, which hada relatively long period of 2 s, first caused the collision between the north and the center buildings. This collision eventually led to the collapse of the centerbuilding, followed by the destruction of the north building.
Seismic pounding phenomena, particularly the collision of neighboring buildings under long-period ground motion, are becoming a significant issue in Japan. We focused on a specific apartment structure called the Nuevo Leon buildings in the Tlatelolco district of Mexico City, which consisted of three similar buildings built consecutively with narrow expansion joints between the buildings. Two out of the three buildings collapsed completely in the 1985 Mexican earthquake. Using a finite element code based on the adaptively shifted integration (ASI)-Gauss technique, a seismic pounding analysis is performed on a simulated model of the Nuevo Leon buildings to understand the impact and collapse behavior of structures built near each other. The numerical code used in the analysis provides a higher computational efficiency than the conventional code for this type of problem and enables us to address dynamic behavior with strong nonlinearities, including phenomena such as member fracture and elemental contact. Contact release and recontact algorithms are developed and implemented in the code to understand the complex behaviors of structural members during seismic pounding and the collapse sequence. According to the numerical results, the collision of the buildings may be a result of the difference of natural periods between the neighboring buildings. This difference was detected in similar buildings from the damages caused by previous earthquakes. By setting the natural period of the north building to be 25% longer than the other periods, the ground motion, which hada relatively long period of 2 s, first caused the collision between the north and the center buildings. This collision eventually led to the collapse of the centerbuilding, followed by the destruction of the north building.
KEYWORDS
Seismic Pounding; Collapse Behavior; Neighboring Buildings; Natural Period; Asi-Gauss Technique
Seismic Pounding; Collapse Behavior; Neighboring Buildings; Natural Period; Asi-Gauss Technique
Cite this paper
Isobe, D. , Ohta, T. , Inoue, T. and Matsueda, F. (2012) Seismic pounding and collapse behavior of neighboring buildings with different natural periods. Natural Science, 4, 686-693. doi: 10.4236/ns.2012.428090.
Isobe, D. , Ohta, T. , Inoue, T. and Matsueda, F. (2012) Seismic pounding and collapse behavior of neighboring buildings with different natural periods. Natural Science, 4, 686-693. doi: 10.4236/ns.2012.428090.
References
[1] Ciudad de Mexico (1986) Programa de reconstruccionNonoalco/Tlatelolco, Tercerareunion de la Comision Tecnica Asesora. The Third Meeting of the Technical Commission Advises, Ciudad de Mexico. [2] Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (1985) The earthquake of September 19th, 1985. Inform and preliminary evaluation. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. [3] Celebi, M., Pince, J., Dietel, C., Onate, M. and Chavez, G. (1987) The culprit in Mexico City—Amplification of motions. Earthquake Spectra, 3, 315-328. doi:10.1193/1.1585431 [4] Lynn, K.M. and Isobe, D. (2007) Finite element code for impact collapse problems of framed structures. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 69, 2538-2563.doi:10.1002/nme.1858 [5] Toi, Y. and Isobe, D. (1993) Adaptively shifted integration technique for finite element collapse analysis of framed structures. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 36, 2323-2339. doi:10.1002/nme.1620361402 [6] Toi, Y. (1991) Shifted integration technique in one-dimensional plastic collapse analysis using linear and cubic finite elements. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 31, 1537-1552. doi:10.1002/nme.1620310807 [7] Press, W.H., Teukolsky, S.A., Vetterling, W.T. and Flannery, B.P. (1992) Numerical recipes in FORTRAN: The art of scientific computing. Cambridge University Press, New York. [8] Hirashima, T., Hamada, N., Ozaki, F., Ave, T. and Uesugi, H. (2007) Experimental study on shear deformation behavior of high strength bolts at elevated temperature. Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering, 621, 175-180.
[1] Ciudad de Mexico (1986) Programa de reconstruccionNonoalco/Tlatelolco, Tercerareunion de la Comision Tecnica Asesora. The Third Meeting of the Technical Commission Advises, Ciudad de Mexico. [2] Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (1985) The earthquake of September 19th, 1985. Inform and preliminary evaluation. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. [3] Celebi, M., Pince, J., Dietel, C., Onate, M. and Chavez, G. (1987) The culprit in Mexico City—Amplification of motions. Earthquake Spectra, 3, 315-328. doi:10.1193/1.1585431 [4] Lynn, K.M. and Isobe, D. (2007) Finite element code for impact collapse problems of framed structures. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 69, 2538-2563.doi:10.1002/nme.1858 [5] Toi, Y. and Isobe, D. (1993) Adaptively shifted integration technique for finite element collapse analysis of framed structures. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 36, 2323-2339. doi:10.1002/nme.1620361402 [6] Toi, Y. (1991) Shifted integration technique in one-dimensional plastic collapse analysis using linear and cubic finite elements. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 31, 1537-1552. doi:10.1002/nme.1620310807 [7] Press, W.H., Teukolsky, S.A., Vetterling, W.T. and Flannery, B.P. (1992) Numerical recipes in FORTRAN: The art of scientific computing. Cambridge University Press, New York. [8] Hirashima, T., Hamada, N., Ozaki, F., Ave, T. and Uesugi, H. (2007) Experimental study on shear deformation behavior of high strength bolts at elevated temperature. Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering, 621, 175-180.