Influence of Picric Acid on the SHG Efficiency of L-Prolinium Tartrate Crystals
Author(s)
S. Natarajan*,
K. Moovendaran,
J. Kalyana Sundar,
G. Bhagavannarayana,
S.A. Martin Britto Dhas
Affiliation(s)
School of Physics, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai-625 021, India. Material Characterization Division, National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi 110012, India.
School of Physics, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai-625 021, India. Material Characterization Division, National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi 110012, India.
ABSTRACT
Single crystals of the NLO material L-Prolinium tartrate (LPT) have been grown in the presence and absence of picric acid, by slow evaporation technique. Good quality crystals were harvested within 30 days. The grown crystals were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The quality of the crystals grown in the presence and absence of picric acid was examined by high resolution X-ray diffractometry (HRXRD). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy were used to confirm the presence of the functional groups of L-Prolinium tartrate and the absence of picric acid in the crystals. The thermal stability and the trend of decomposition of the grown crystals were analyzed by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). The influence of picric acid on the second harmonic generation efficiency was studied by Kurtz and Perry method. It was observed that the SHG efficiency increased by about 2.3 times compared to that of normal LPT crystals. The results are discussed in detail.
Single crystals of the NLO material L-Prolinium tartrate (LPT) have been grown in the presence and absence of picric acid, by slow evaporation technique. Good quality crystals were harvested within 30 days. The grown crystals were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The quality of the crystals grown in the presence and absence of picric acid was examined by high resolution X-ray diffractometry (HRXRD). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy were used to confirm the presence of the functional groups of L-Prolinium tartrate and the absence of picric acid in the crystals. The thermal stability and the trend of decomposition of the grown crystals were analyzed by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). The influence of picric acid on the second harmonic generation efficiency was studied by Kurtz and Perry method. It was observed that the SHG efficiency increased by about 2.3 times compared to that of normal LPT crystals. The results are discussed in detail.
Cite this paper
S. Natarajan, K. Moovendaran, J. Sundar, G. Bhagavannarayana and S. Dhas, "Influence of Picric Acid on the SHG Efficiency of L-Prolinium Tartrate Crystals," Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, Vol. 10 No. 10, 2011, pp. 913-921. doi: 10.4236/jmmce.2011.1010071.
S. Natarajan, K. Moovendaran, J. Sundar, G. Bhagavannarayana and S. Dhas, "Influence of Picric Acid on the SHG Efficiency of L-Prolinium Tartrate Crystals," Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, Vol. 10 No. 10, 2011, pp. 913-921. doi: 10.4236/jmmce.2011.1010071.
References
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[1] Chenthamarai, S., Jayaraman, D., Subramanian, C., and Ramasamy, P., (2001), “Mechanical and optical studies on pure and nitro doped 4-hydroxyacetophenone” Materials letters, 47, 247 -251 [2] Rajesh, N.P., Kannan, V., Santhana Raghavan, P., Ramasamy, P., and Lan,C.W., (2002) “Nucleation studies and crystal growth of (NH4)H2PO4 doped with thiourea in supersaturated aqueous solutions” Materials Chemistry and Physics, 52, 326 -328 [3] Hu, Z.G., Yoshimura, M., Mori, Y., Sasaki, T., (2005) “Design and growth of new NLO crystals for UV light generation” J. Crystal Growth, 275, 232 -239 [4] Ambujam, K., Rajarajan, K., Selvakumar, S., Joseph, A., and P. Sagayaraj, P., (2006) “Growth and characterization of a novel NLO crystal bis-glycine hydrogen chloride (BGHC)” J. Crystal Growth, 286 (2006) 440-444 [5] Hussaini, S.S., Dhumane,N.R., Rabbani, G., Karmuse, P., Dongre,V.G., and Shirsat, M.D., (2007) “Growth and high frequency dielectric study of pure and thiourea doped KDP crystals” Crystal Research and Technology, 42,1110 -1116 [6] Arivuoli, D., (2001) “J. Phys. 57, 871 [7] Coe, B.J., (2006) “Switchable Nonlinear Optical Metallochromophores with Pyridinium Electron Acceptor Groups” Accounts of Chemical Research, 39 (2006), 383-393 [8] Podder, J., Ramalingom, S., and Narayana kalkura, S., (2001) “An Investigation on the lattice distortion in Urea and KCl Doped KDP single crystals by X-ray Diffraction studies ”Crystal Research and technology, 36, 549–556. [9] Subha Nandhini, M., Krishnakumar, R.V., and Natarajan, S., (2001) “L-Prolinium tartrate”, Acta Crystallograpica, C57, 423-424 [10] Martin Britto Dhas, S.A., and Natarajan, S., (2007) “Growth and characterization of Lprolinium tartrate – A new organic NLO material” Crystal Research and technology, 42, 471-476 [11] Lal, K., and Bhagavannarayana, G., (1989) “A high-resolution diffuse X-ray scattering study of defects in dislocation-free silicon crystals grown by the float-zone method and comparison with Czochralski-grown crystals” J. Applied Crystallography, 22, 209-215 [12] Bhagavannarayana, G., Ananthamurthy, R.V., Budakoti, G.C., Kumar, B., and Bartwal, K.S., (2005) “A study of the effect of annealing on Fe-doped LiNbO3 by HRXRD, XRT and FT-IR” J. Applied Crystallography, 38, 768-771 [13] Bhagavannarayana, G., Parthiban, S., and Meenakshisundaram, S., (2008) “An Interesting Correlation between Crystalline Perfection and Second Harmonic Generation Efficiency on KCl- and Oxalic Acid-Doped ADP Crystals” Crystal Growth and Design, 8, 446 -451 [14] Kurtz, S.K., and Perry, T.T., (1968) “A Powder technique for the evaluation of nonlinear optical materials” J. Applied Physics, 39, 3798 -3812