Growth and Structural Characterization of Gadolinium Neodymium Oxalate Crystals Grown in Hydro-Silica Gel
Affiliation(s)
Department of Physics, St. Georges College, Aruvithura, Kerala, India - 686122. School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, India-686560.
Department of Physics, St. Georges College, Aruvithura, Kerala, India - 686122. School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, India-686560.
ABSTRACT
Gadolinium Neodymium Oxalate (GNO) single crystals were grown in hydrosilica gel by the diffusion of a mixture of aqueous solutions of the respective rare earth nitrates into a gel, impregnated with oxalic acid, in a test tube. Pink, transparent, hexagonal GNO crystals were obtained on optimization of growth parameters. The crystals are found to be monoclinic by the XRD analysis. The presence of water of hydration and carboxylic group in the grown crystals was confirmed by IR analysis. EDAX analysis confirmed the presence of Gd and Nd in the grown samples. The thermal decomposition behavior of the grown crystals were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The thermal analysis results concur with the proposed crystal structure.
Gadolinium Neodymium Oxalate (GNO) single crystals were grown in hydrosilica gel by the diffusion of a mixture of aqueous solutions of the respective rare earth nitrates into a gel, impregnated with oxalic acid, in a test tube. Pink, transparent, hexagonal GNO crystals were obtained on optimization of growth parameters. The crystals are found to be monoclinic by the XRD analysis. The presence of water of hydration and carboxylic group in the grown crystals was confirmed by IR analysis. EDAX analysis confirmed the presence of Gd and Nd in the grown samples. The thermal decomposition behavior of the grown crystals were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The thermal analysis results concur with the proposed crystal structure.
Cite this paper
I. Korah, C. Joseph and M. Ittyachen, "Growth and Structural Characterization of Gadolinium Neodymium Oxalate Crystals Grown in Hydro-Silica Gel," Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, Vol. 9 No. 12, 2010, pp. 1081-1086. doi: 10.4236/jmmce.2010.912078.
I. Korah, C. Joseph and M. Ittyachen, "Growth and Structural Characterization of Gadolinium Neodymium Oxalate Crystals Grown in Hydro-Silica Gel," Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, Vol. 9 No. 12, 2010, pp. 1081-1086. doi: 10.4236/jmmce.2010.912078.
References
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[1] Eyring, L., 1964, Progress in Science and Technology of Rare Earths, Pergamon Press, New York. [2] Barkley, J.R., Brixner, L.H., Hogan, E.M. and Waring, R.K., J. Ferroelectrics 3(1972)191 [3] Caillaud, F., Baumard, J.F. and Smith, A., Mater. Res. Bull. 23(1988)1273 [4] Brixner, L.H., J. Cryst.Growth 18(1973)297 [5] Henisch, H.K., 1970, Crystal growth in gels, Pennsylvania University Press, Pennsylvania. [6] Cyriac Joseph, George Varghese, and Ittyachen, M.A., Cryst. Res. Technol., 30(1995) 159 [7] Varghese John, Ittyachen, M.A., and Raju, K.S., Bull. Mater. Sci., 20 (1997) 1059 [8] Mercy V. John, and Ittyachen, M.A., Indian J. of Pure and Appl. Phy. Vol. 37(1999) 115 [9] Mercy V. John, and Ittyachen, M.A., Cryst. Res. Technol., 36(2001)141 [10] Huang Sheng Hua., Gong Du Zhou, and Thomas C.W. Mak., J. Crystallographic and Spectroscopic Res., 21(1991)127 [11] Petrov, I., and Soptrajanov, B., Spectrochim. Acta, 31A(1975)309 [12] Shymala, M., Dharwadkar, S.R., and Chndrasekharaiah, Thermochim. Acta, 56 (1982) 135 [13] Tanaka, H., and Koga, N., J. Therm. Anal., 32(1987)1521 [14] Nagase, K., Yokobayashi, H., Muraishi, K., and Kikuchi, M., Thermochim. Acta., 177 (1991)273 [15] Uma, S., and Gopalakrishnan, J., J. Solid State Chem., 102 (2)(1993)332 [16] Fuller, M.J., and Pinkstone, J., J. Less Common Metals, 70(1980)127 [17] Watanabe, Y., Miyazaki, S., Maruyama, T., and Saito, Y., Thermochim. Acta, 88 (1985)295 [18] Glasner, A., Levy, E., and Steinberg, M., J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., 25(1963)1415 [19] Glasner A., Levy E., Steinberg M., and Bodenheimer W., Talanta, 11(1964)405 [20] Gallagher, P.K., Schrey, F., and Prescott, B., Inorg. Chem., 9(1970)215